NURS 5315 FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
DNA structure - ANSWER>>DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted
into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary
bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. p 134-136
DNA function - ANSWER>>DNA is the code for making proteins and stores genetic
information. p 134-136
DNA replication - ANSWER>>DNA unzips into two parts and splits with the cell. In
it's new home each side of the DNA strand attack to matching nucleotides to
create 2 exact copies. It is important in puberty and other times of growth as it is
the reproducing of your cells. p 136
DNA mutation - ANSWER>>A change to the DNA structure. May be substitution of
one base pair for another (base pair mutations); change in a single amino acid
(missense mutation), substitution that produces three of the stop or nonsense
codons (nonsense mutation), or insertion or deletion of one or more base pairs to
the DNA molecule (frameshift mutation) p 137
RNA structure - ANSWER>>single stranded helix p. 139
RNA function - ANSWER>>performs protein synthesis. p 140
translation - ANSWER>>(genetics) the process whereby genetic information coded
in messenger RNA (mRNA) directs the formation of a polypeptide. p 147
transcription - ANSWER>>(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA
sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA. p 147
, structure of chromosomes - ANSWER>>chromosomes are made out of sister
chromatids are connected by a centromere. p 140
function of chromosomes - ANSWER>>carry genetic information. p 140
polyploidy - ANSWER>>A chromosomal alteration in which the organism
possesses more than two complete chromosome sets. p. 141
aneuploidy - ANSWER>>the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in
a cell. p.143
autosomal aneuploidy - ANSWER>>Least common among live births.
(eg. Down Syndrome - Trisomy 21)
does not involve sex chromosomes
p.143
sex chromosome aneuploidy. - ANSWER>>-Turner's Syndrome (45, X)
-Klinefelter Syndrome (47, XXY)
p.145
chromosomal deletion - ANSWER>>A mutation involving the loss of a section of a
chromosome. p 146
chromosomal duplications - ANSWER>>DNA fragment breaks free and
incorporates into the homologous (identical) chromosome. p. 146
chromosomal inversions - ANSWER>>The break of a chromosome at two points,
the inversion of the segment between the breaks and the rejoining of the two
broken ends. p 146
chromosomal translocation - ANSWER>>When part of one chromosome breaks
off and attaches to another non homologous, chromosome. p.147
ANSWERS
DNA structure - ANSWER>>DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted
into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary
bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. p 134-136
DNA function - ANSWER>>DNA is the code for making proteins and stores genetic
information. p 134-136
DNA replication - ANSWER>>DNA unzips into two parts and splits with the cell. In
it's new home each side of the DNA strand attack to matching nucleotides to
create 2 exact copies. It is important in puberty and other times of growth as it is
the reproducing of your cells. p 136
DNA mutation - ANSWER>>A change to the DNA structure. May be substitution of
one base pair for another (base pair mutations); change in a single amino acid
(missense mutation), substitution that produces three of the stop or nonsense
codons (nonsense mutation), or insertion or deletion of one or more base pairs to
the DNA molecule (frameshift mutation) p 137
RNA structure - ANSWER>>single stranded helix p. 139
RNA function - ANSWER>>performs protein synthesis. p 140
translation - ANSWER>>(genetics) the process whereby genetic information coded
in messenger RNA (mRNA) directs the formation of a polypeptide. p 147
transcription - ANSWER>>(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA
sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA. p 147
, structure of chromosomes - ANSWER>>chromosomes are made out of sister
chromatids are connected by a centromere. p 140
function of chromosomes - ANSWER>>carry genetic information. p 140
polyploidy - ANSWER>>A chromosomal alteration in which the organism
possesses more than two complete chromosome sets. p. 141
aneuploidy - ANSWER>>the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in
a cell. p.143
autosomal aneuploidy - ANSWER>>Least common among live births.
(eg. Down Syndrome - Trisomy 21)
does not involve sex chromosomes
p.143
sex chromosome aneuploidy. - ANSWER>>-Turner's Syndrome (45, X)
-Klinefelter Syndrome (47, XXY)
p.145
chromosomal deletion - ANSWER>>A mutation involving the loss of a section of a
chromosome. p 146
chromosomal duplications - ANSWER>>DNA fragment breaks free and
incorporates into the homologous (identical) chromosome. p. 146
chromosomal inversions - ANSWER>>The break of a chromosome at two points,
the inversion of the segment between the breaks and the rejoining of the two
broken ends. p 146
chromosomal translocation - ANSWER>>When part of one chromosome breaks
off and attaches to another non homologous, chromosome. p.147
