cardiovascular system and its control
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Cardiovascular system major functions - ANSWER>>Delivers O2 and nutrients
• Removes CO2 and other waste
• Transports hormones and other molecules
• Supports temperature balance and controls fluid regulation
• Maintains acid-base balance
• Regulates immune function
What are the 3 major circulatory elements of the cardiovascular system? -
ANSWER>>1) Pump (heart)
2) Channels or tubes (blood vessels)
3) Fluid medium (blood)
What does the heart do in the cardiovascular system - ANSWER>>Heart generates
pressure to drive blood through vessels
What must blood flow meet? - ANSWER>>Metabolic demands
What are the chambers of the heart? - ANSWER>>Right and left atria (top
receiving chambers)
Right and left ventricles (Bottoms pumping chambers)
Blood flow through heart: Right Heart - ANSWER>>pulmonary circulatation:
Pumps deoxygenated blood from body to lungs
Blood flow through right heart - ANSWER>>Superior, inferior vena cava -> right
atrium -> tricuspid valve -> Right ventricle -> pulmonary valve-> pulmonary
arteries -> lungs
, Blood flow through heart: Left Heart - ANSWER>>systemic circulation
Pumps oxygenated blood from lungs to body
Lungs --> pulmonary veins --> LA --> mitral valve --> LV --> aortic valve --> aorta
Blood flow through left heart - ANSWER>>Lungs -> pulmonary veins -> Left atrium
-> mitral valve -> Left ventricle -> aortic valve -> aorta
What is myocardium? - ANSWER>>cardiac muscle tissue
What part of the heart has the most myocardium? - ANSWER>>Left ventricle
Myocardium fiber type - ANSWER>>as only one fiber type (like type I).
- High capillary density
- High number of mitochondria
- Striations
What are cardiac muscle fibers connected by? - ANSWER>>Intercalated disk
What do desmosomes do in cardiac muscle? - ANSWER>>Hold cells together
What do gap junctions do in cardiac muscle cells - ANSWER>>Rapidly conduct
action potentials
Skeletal muscle cells - ANSWER>>Large, long, unbranched, multinucleated
- Intermittent, voluntary contractions
- Ca2+ released from SR
Myocardial cells - ANSWER>>Small, short, branched, one nucleus
- Continuous, involuntary rhythmic contractions
- Calcium-induced calcium release
Where does Myocardial blood supply come from? - ANSWER>>right and left
coronary arteries
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Cardiovascular system major functions - ANSWER>>Delivers O2 and nutrients
• Removes CO2 and other waste
• Transports hormones and other molecules
• Supports temperature balance and controls fluid regulation
• Maintains acid-base balance
• Regulates immune function
What are the 3 major circulatory elements of the cardiovascular system? -
ANSWER>>1) Pump (heart)
2) Channels or tubes (blood vessels)
3) Fluid medium (blood)
What does the heart do in the cardiovascular system - ANSWER>>Heart generates
pressure to drive blood through vessels
What must blood flow meet? - ANSWER>>Metabolic demands
What are the chambers of the heart? - ANSWER>>Right and left atria (top
receiving chambers)
Right and left ventricles (Bottoms pumping chambers)
Blood flow through heart: Right Heart - ANSWER>>pulmonary circulatation:
Pumps deoxygenated blood from body to lungs
Blood flow through right heart - ANSWER>>Superior, inferior vena cava -> right
atrium -> tricuspid valve -> Right ventricle -> pulmonary valve-> pulmonary
arteries -> lungs
, Blood flow through heart: Left Heart - ANSWER>>systemic circulation
Pumps oxygenated blood from lungs to body
Lungs --> pulmonary veins --> LA --> mitral valve --> LV --> aortic valve --> aorta
Blood flow through left heart - ANSWER>>Lungs -> pulmonary veins -> Left atrium
-> mitral valve -> Left ventricle -> aortic valve -> aorta
What is myocardium? - ANSWER>>cardiac muscle tissue
What part of the heart has the most myocardium? - ANSWER>>Left ventricle
Myocardium fiber type - ANSWER>>as only one fiber type (like type I).
- High capillary density
- High number of mitochondria
- Striations
What are cardiac muscle fibers connected by? - ANSWER>>Intercalated disk
What do desmosomes do in cardiac muscle? - ANSWER>>Hold cells together
What do gap junctions do in cardiac muscle cells - ANSWER>>Rapidly conduct
action potentials
Skeletal muscle cells - ANSWER>>Large, long, unbranched, multinucleated
- Intermittent, voluntary contractions
- Ca2+ released from SR
Myocardial cells - ANSWER>>Small, short, branched, one nucleus
- Continuous, involuntary rhythmic contractions
- Calcium-induced calcium release
Where does Myocardial blood supply come from? - ANSWER>>right and left
coronary arteries
