Industrial/Organizational Psychology by
Ronald Riggio Chapters 1-4 Exam One
UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Objectives of Industrial/Organizational Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER - To conduct
research in an effort to increase our knowledge and understanding of human work behavior and
to apply that knowledge to improve work behavior, the work environment, and the psychological
conditions of the worker.
Fields in Industrial/Organizational Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER - Personnel
psychology (human resources), training and development, organizational psychology
(management), and human engineering/ergonomics (bettering work environments.)
Walter Dill Scott - CORRECT ANSWER - Interested in studying salespersons and the
psychology of advertising. Went on to become the first professor in this new field and started a
consulting company to practice what was being learned from research (1920's.)
Fredrick W. Taylor - CORRECT ANSWER - Believed that scientific principles could be
applied to the study of work behavior to increase worker efficiency and productivity. His model
was successful and became known as time-and-motion studies which developed the scientific
management.
Time-and-motion Studies - CORRECT ANSWER - Procedures in which work tasks are
broken down into simple component movements and the movements timed to develop a more
efficient method for performing the tasks.
Scientific Management - CORRECT ANSWER - Begun by Fredrick Taylor, this is a
method of using scientific principles to improve the efficiency and productivity of jobs.
, Robert Yekes - CORRECT ANSWER - Was President of the American Psychological
Association and a group of psychologists worked with the Army to create an intelligence tests for
the placement of Army recruits known as The Army Alpha and Beta Tests.
The Army Alpha and Beta Test - CORRECT ANSWER - Created in WWI, the Alpha test
was used for those who could read, and the Beta test was used for nonliterate recruits. This
represented the first mass testing efforts and set the stage for future testing efforts.
Elton Mayo and Colleagues - CORRECT ANSWER - Researched the effects of lightening
and worker productivity. Focusing on a group of women, no matter what the lighting was set to,
worker productivity increased. Mayo noticed that it was the environment that was increasing
productivity but the fact that the workers were being watched; Hawthorne Effect.
Hawthorne Effect - CORRECT ANSWER - Changes in behavior occurring as a function
of participants' knowledge that they are being observed and their expectations concerning their
role as research participants.
Human Relations Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - Conclusion reached by Mayo and
his colleagues resulted in a movement that emphasizes the importance of social factors in
influencing worker performance.
Army General Classification Test - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed in World War II,
the pencil to paper test was developed to separate recruits into categories based on their abilities
to learn military duties and responsibilities.
U.S Office of Strategic Services - CORRECT ANSWER - The psychologists also helped
____ the forerunner's today CIA develop intensive assessment strategies for selecting candidates
for dangerous espionage positions.
Current/Future Trends of Industrial/Organizational Psychology: - CORRECT ANSWER -
First trend: changing the nature of work. (Organizational downsizing, and outsourcing.) Second
trend: expanding focus on human resources. Third Trend: increasing diversity in the workforce.
Fourth Trend: Increasing the relevance of industrial/organizational psychology.
Ronald Riggio Chapters 1-4 Exam One
UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Objectives of Industrial/Organizational Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER - To conduct
research in an effort to increase our knowledge and understanding of human work behavior and
to apply that knowledge to improve work behavior, the work environment, and the psychological
conditions of the worker.
Fields in Industrial/Organizational Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER - Personnel
psychology (human resources), training and development, organizational psychology
(management), and human engineering/ergonomics (bettering work environments.)
Walter Dill Scott - CORRECT ANSWER - Interested in studying salespersons and the
psychology of advertising. Went on to become the first professor in this new field and started a
consulting company to practice what was being learned from research (1920's.)
Fredrick W. Taylor - CORRECT ANSWER - Believed that scientific principles could be
applied to the study of work behavior to increase worker efficiency and productivity. His model
was successful and became known as time-and-motion studies which developed the scientific
management.
Time-and-motion Studies - CORRECT ANSWER - Procedures in which work tasks are
broken down into simple component movements and the movements timed to develop a more
efficient method for performing the tasks.
Scientific Management - CORRECT ANSWER - Begun by Fredrick Taylor, this is a
method of using scientific principles to improve the efficiency and productivity of jobs.
, Robert Yekes - CORRECT ANSWER - Was President of the American Psychological
Association and a group of psychologists worked with the Army to create an intelligence tests for
the placement of Army recruits known as The Army Alpha and Beta Tests.
The Army Alpha and Beta Test - CORRECT ANSWER - Created in WWI, the Alpha test
was used for those who could read, and the Beta test was used for nonliterate recruits. This
represented the first mass testing efforts and set the stage for future testing efforts.
Elton Mayo and Colleagues - CORRECT ANSWER - Researched the effects of lightening
and worker productivity. Focusing on a group of women, no matter what the lighting was set to,
worker productivity increased. Mayo noticed that it was the environment that was increasing
productivity but the fact that the workers were being watched; Hawthorne Effect.
Hawthorne Effect - CORRECT ANSWER - Changes in behavior occurring as a function
of participants' knowledge that they are being observed and their expectations concerning their
role as research participants.
Human Relations Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - Conclusion reached by Mayo and
his colleagues resulted in a movement that emphasizes the importance of social factors in
influencing worker performance.
Army General Classification Test - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed in World War II,
the pencil to paper test was developed to separate recruits into categories based on their abilities
to learn military duties and responsibilities.
U.S Office of Strategic Services - CORRECT ANSWER - The psychologists also helped
____ the forerunner's today CIA develop intensive assessment strategies for selecting candidates
for dangerous espionage positions.
Current/Future Trends of Industrial/Organizational Psychology: - CORRECT ANSWER -
First trend: changing the nature of work. (Organizational downsizing, and outsourcing.) Second
trend: expanding focus on human resources. Third Trend: increasing diversity in the workforce.
Fourth Trend: Increasing the relevance of industrial/organizational psychology.
