Test Bank for pathophysiology the biologic basis for disease in adults and children 8th Edition

TEST BANK h




PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults
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And Children
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8THEDITION BY KATHRYN L. MCC
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ANCE

,McCance:hPathophysiology:hThehBiologichBasishforhDiseasehinhAdultshandhChildrenh(8thhEdition)hTESThBA
NK


CONTENTS:
Chapterh01:hCellularhBiology
Chapterh02:hAlteredhCellularhandhTissuehBiology:hEnvironmentalhAgents
Chapterh03:hThehCellularhEnvironment:hFluidshandhElectrolytes,hAcidshandhBases
Chapterh04:hGeneshandhGenetichDiseases
Chapterh05:hGenes,hEnvironment-Lifestyle,handhCommonhDiseases
Chapterh06:hEpigeneticshandhDisease
Chapterh07:hInnatehImmunity:hInflammationhandhWoundhHealing
Chapterh08:hAdaptivehImmunity
Chapterh09:hAlterationshinhImmunityhandhInflammation
Chapterh10:hInfection
Chapterh11:hStresshandhDisease
Chapterh12:hCancerhBiology
Chapterh13:hCancerhEpidemiology
Chapterh14:hCancerhinhChildren
Chapterh15:hStructurehandhFunctionhofhthehNeurologichSystem
Chapterh16:hPain,hTemperaturehRegulation,hSleep,handhSensoryhFunction
Chapterh17:hAlterationshinhCognitivehSystems,hCerebralhHemodynamics,handhMotorhFunction
Chapterh18:hDisordershofhthehCentralhandhPeripheralhNervoushSystemshandhthehNeuromuscularhJunction
Chapterh19:hNeurobiologyhofhSchizophrenia,hMoodhDisorders,handhAnxietyhDisorders
Chapterh20:hAlterationshofhNeurologichFunctionhinhChildren
Chapterh21:hMechanismshofhHormonalhRegulation
Chapterh22:hAlterationshofhHormonalhRegulation
Chapterh23:hObesityhandhDisordershofhNutrition
Chapterh24:hStructurehandhFunctionhofhthehReproductivehSystems
Chapterh25:hAlterationshofhthehFemalehReproductivehSystem
Chapterh26:hAlterationshofhthehMalehReproductivehSystem
Chapterh27:hSexuallyhTransmittedhInfections
Chapterh28:hStructurehandhFunctionhofhthehHematologichSystem
Chapterh29:hAlterationshofhErythrocytes,hPlatelets,handhHemostatichFunction
Chapterh30:hAlterationshofhLeukocytehandhLymphoidhFunction
Chapterh31:hAlterationshofhHematologichFunctionhinhChildren
Chapterh32:hStructurehandhFunctionhofhthehCardiovascularhandhLymphatichSystems
Chapterh33:hAlterationshofhCardiovascularhFunction
Chapterh34:hAlterationshofhCardiovascularhFunctionhinhChildren
Chapterh35:hStructurehandhFunctionhofhthehPulmonaryhSystem
Chapterh36:hAlterationshofhPulmonaryhFunction
Chapterh37:hAlterationshofhPulmonaryhFunctionhinhChildren
Chapterh38:hStructurehandhFunctionhofhthehRenalhandhUrologichSystems
Chapterh39:hAlterationshofhRenalhandhUrinaryhTracthFunction
Chapterh40:hAlterationshofhRenalhandhUrinaryhTracthFunctionhinhChildren
Chapterh41:hStructurehandhFunctionhofhthehDigestivehSystem
Chapterh42:hAlterationshofhDigestivehFunction
Chapterh43:hAlterationshofhDigestivehFunctionhinhChildren
Chapterh44:hStructurehandhFunctionhofhthehMusculoskeletalhSystem
Chapterh45:hAlterationshofhMusculoskeletalhFunction
Chapterh46:hAlterationshofhMusculoskeletalhFunctionhinhChildren
Chapterh47:hStructure,hFunction,handhDisordershofhthehIntegument
Chapterh48:hAlterationshofhthehIntegumenthinhChildren
Chapterh49:hShock,hMultiplehOrganhDysfunctionhSyndrome,handhBurnshinhAdults
Chapterh50:hShock,hMultiplehOrganhDysfunctionhSyndrome,handhBurnshinhChildren

, McCance:hPathophysiology:hThehBiologichBasishforhDiseasehinhAdultshandhChildrenh(8thhEdition)hTESThBANK



Parth1:hCENTRALhCONCEPTShOFhPATHOPHYSIOLOGY:hCELLShANDhTISSUEShUni
thI:hTHEhCELL

CHAPTERh01:hCELLULARhBIOLOGY

MULTIPLEhCHOICE

1. Whichhstatementhbesthdescribeshthehcellularhfunctionhofhmetabolichabsorption?
a. Cellshcanhproducehproteins.
b. Cellshcanhsecretehdigestivehenzymes.
c. Cellshcanhtakehinhandhusehnutrients.
d. Cellshcanhsynthesizehfats.

ANS:h C
Inhmetabolichabsorption,hallhcellshtakehinhandhusehnutrientshandhotherhsubstanceshfromhtheirhsurroun
dings.hThehremaininghoptionsharehnothinclusivehinhtheirhdescriptionshofhcellularhmetabolichabsorptio
n.

PTS:h h 1 DIF: CognitivehLevel:hRemembering

2. Wherehishmosthofhahcell’shgenetichinformation,hincludinghRNAhandhDNA,hcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome

ANS:h C
Thehnucleushcontainshthehnucleolus,hahsmallhdensehstructurehcomposedhlargelyhofhRNA,hmosthofhth
ehcellularhDNA,handhthehDNA-
bindinghproteins,hsuchhashthehhistones,hwhichhregulatehitshactivity.hThehmitochondriaharehresponsib
lehforhcellularhrespirationhandhenergyhproduction.
Ribosomes’hchiefhfunctionhishtohprovidehsiteshforhcellularhproteinhsynthesis.hLysosomeshfunctionhas
hthehintracellularhdigestivehsystem.




PTS:h h 1 DIF: CognitivehLevel:hRemembering

3. Whichhcomponenthofhthehcellhproduceshhydrogenhperoxideh(H2O2)hbyhusinghoxygenhtohremovehh
ydrogenhatomshfromhspecifichsubstrateshinhanhoxidativehreaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS:h B

, McCance:hPathophysiology:hThehBiologichBasishforhDiseasehinhAdultshandhChildrenh(8thhEdition)hTESThBANK




Peroxisomesharehsohnamedhbecausehtheyhusuallyhcontainhenzymeshthathusehoxygenhtohremovehhydr
ogenhatomshfromhspecifichsubstrateshinhanhoxidativehreactionhthathproduceshH2O2,hwhichhishahpower
fulhoxidanthandhpotentiallyhdestructivehifhithaccumulateshorhescapeshfromhperoxisomes.
RibosomesharehRNA-
proteinhcomplexesh(nucleoproteins)hthatharehsynthesizedhinhthehnucleolushandhsecretedhintohthehcyt
oplasmhthroughhporeshinhthehnuclearhenvelopehcalledhnuclearhporehcomplexes.hLysosomesharehsacl
ikehstructureshthathoriginatehfromhthehGolgihcomplexhandhcontainhmorehthanh40hdigestivehenzymesh
calledhhydrolases,hwhichhcatalyzehbondshinhproteins,hlipids,hnucleichacids,handhcarbohydrates.hAnh
endosomehishahvesicalhthathhashbeenhpinchedhoffhfromhthehcellularhmembrane.

PTS:h h 1 DIF: CognitivehLevel:hRemembering

4. Whichhcellhcomponenthishcapablehofhcellularhautodigestionhwhenhithishreleasedhduringhcellhinjury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgihcomplex
c. Smoothhendoplasmichreticulum
d. Lysosomes

ANS:h D
Thehlysosomalhmembranehactshashahprotectivehshieldhbetweenhthehpowerfulhdigestivehenzymeshwit
hinhthehlysosomehandhthehcytoplasm,hpreventinghtheirhleakagehintohthehcytoplasmichmatrix.hDisrup
tionhofhthehmembranehbyhvarioushtreatmentshorhcellularhinjuryhleadshtohahreleasehofhthehlysosomalhe
nzymes,hwhichhcanhthenhreacthwithhtheirhspecifichsubstrates,hcausinghcellularhself-
hdigestion.hThehchiefhfunctionhofhahribosomehishtohprovidehsiteshforhcellularhproteinhsynthesis.hThehG

olgihcomplexhishahnetworkhofhflattened,hsmoothhvesicleshandhmembraneshoftenhlocatedhnearhthehcellh
nucleus.hThehsmoothhendoplasmichreticulumhishinvolvedhinhsteroidhhormonehproductionhandhremo
vinghtoxichsubstanceshfromhthehcell.

PTS:h h 1 DIF: CognitivehLevel:hRemembering

5. WhichhcAMP-mediatedhresponsehishrelatedhtohantidiuretichhormone?
a. Increasedhhearthratehandhforcehofhcontraction
b. Secretionhofhcortisol
c. Increasedhretentionhofhwater
d. Breakdownhofhfat

ANS:h C
Antidiuretichhormonehleadshtohincreasedhretentionhofhwaterhinhthehbody.hEpinephrinehcauseshincrea
seshinhhearthratehandhforcehofhcontraction.hIncreasedhcortisolhsecretionhishduehtohACTH.hBreakdownh
ofhfathishduehtohglucagon.

PTS:h h 1 DIF: CognitivehLevel:hRemembering

6. DuringhwhichhphasehofhthehcellhcyclehishDNAhsynthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M