BRM exam UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
abstract level - CORRECT ANSWER - In theory development, the level of knowledge
expressing a concept that exists only as an idea or a quality apart from an object.
concept (or construct) - CORRECT ANSWER - A generalized idea about a class of objects
that has been given a name; an abstraction of reality that is the basic unit for theory development.
deductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER - The logical process of deriving a conclusion
about a specific instance based on a known general premise or something known to be true.
empirical level - CORRECT ANSWER - Level of knowledge that is verifiable by
experience or observation.
empirical testing - CORRECT ANSWER - Examining a research hypothesis against reality
using data.
hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Formal statement of an unproven proposition that is
empirically testable.
inductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER - The logical process of establishing a general
proposition on the basis of observation of particular facts.
ladder of abstraction - CORRECT ANSWER - Organization of concepts in sequence from
the most concrete and individual to the most general.
latent construct - CORRECT ANSWER - A concept that is not directly observable or
measurable, but can be estimated through proxy measures.
,operationalizing - CORRECT ANSWER - The process of identifying the actual
measurement scales to assess the variables of interest.
propositions - CORRECT ANSWER - Statements explaining the logical linkage among
certain concepts by asserting a universal connection between concepts.
scientific method - CORRECT ANSWER - A set of prescribed procedures for establishing
and connecting theoretical statements about events, for analyzing empirical evidence, and for
predicting events yet unknown; techniques or procedures used to analyze empirical evidence in
an attempt to confirm or disprove prior conceptions.
theory - CORRECT ANSWER - A formal, logical explanation of some events that includes
predictions of how things relate to one another.
variables - CORRECT ANSWER - Anything that may assume different numerical values;
the empirical assessment of a concept.
absolute causality - CORRECT ANSWER - Means the cause is necessary and sufficient to
bring about the effect.
backward linkage - CORRECT ANSWER - Implies that later steps influence earlier stages
of the research process.
business opportunity - CORRECT ANSWER - A situation that makes some potential
competitive advantage possible.
business problem - CORRECT ANSWER - A situation that makes some significant
negative consequence more likely.
causal inference - CORRECT ANSWER - A conclusion that when one thing happens,
another specific thing will follow.
, causal research - CORRECT ANSWER - Allows causal inferences to be made; seeks to
identify cause-and-effect relationships.
concomitant variation - CORRECT ANSWER - One of three criteria for causality; occurs
when two events "covary," meaning they vary systematically.
conditional causality - CORRECT ANSWER - Means that a cause is necessary but not
sufficient to bring about an effect.
contributory causality - CORRECT ANSWER - Means that a cause need be neither
necessary nor sufficient to bring about an effect.
data analysis - CORRECT ANSWER - The application of reasoning to understand the data
that have been gathered.
decision making - CORRECT ANSWER - The process of developing and deciding among
alternative ways of resolving a problem or choosing from among alternative opportunities.
deliverables - CORRECT ANSWER - The term used often in consulting to describe
research objectives to a research client.
descriptive research - CORRECT ANSWER - Describes characteristics of objects, people,
groups, organizations, or environments; tries to "paint a picture" of a given situation.
diagnostic analysis - CORRECT ANSWER - Seeks to diagnose reasons for business
outcomes and focuses specifically on the beliefs and feelings consumers have about and toward
competing products.
experiment - CORRECT ANSWER - A carefully controlled study in which the researcher
manipulates a proposed cause and observes any corresponding change in the proposed effect.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
abstract level - CORRECT ANSWER - In theory development, the level of knowledge
expressing a concept that exists only as an idea or a quality apart from an object.
concept (or construct) - CORRECT ANSWER - A generalized idea about a class of objects
that has been given a name; an abstraction of reality that is the basic unit for theory development.
deductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER - The logical process of deriving a conclusion
about a specific instance based on a known general premise or something known to be true.
empirical level - CORRECT ANSWER - Level of knowledge that is verifiable by
experience or observation.
empirical testing - CORRECT ANSWER - Examining a research hypothesis against reality
using data.
hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Formal statement of an unproven proposition that is
empirically testable.
inductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER - The logical process of establishing a general
proposition on the basis of observation of particular facts.
ladder of abstraction - CORRECT ANSWER - Organization of concepts in sequence from
the most concrete and individual to the most general.
latent construct - CORRECT ANSWER - A concept that is not directly observable or
measurable, but can be estimated through proxy measures.
,operationalizing - CORRECT ANSWER - The process of identifying the actual
measurement scales to assess the variables of interest.
propositions - CORRECT ANSWER - Statements explaining the logical linkage among
certain concepts by asserting a universal connection between concepts.
scientific method - CORRECT ANSWER - A set of prescribed procedures for establishing
and connecting theoretical statements about events, for analyzing empirical evidence, and for
predicting events yet unknown; techniques or procedures used to analyze empirical evidence in
an attempt to confirm or disprove prior conceptions.
theory - CORRECT ANSWER - A formal, logical explanation of some events that includes
predictions of how things relate to one another.
variables - CORRECT ANSWER - Anything that may assume different numerical values;
the empirical assessment of a concept.
absolute causality - CORRECT ANSWER - Means the cause is necessary and sufficient to
bring about the effect.
backward linkage - CORRECT ANSWER - Implies that later steps influence earlier stages
of the research process.
business opportunity - CORRECT ANSWER - A situation that makes some potential
competitive advantage possible.
business problem - CORRECT ANSWER - A situation that makes some significant
negative consequence more likely.
causal inference - CORRECT ANSWER - A conclusion that when one thing happens,
another specific thing will follow.
, causal research - CORRECT ANSWER - Allows causal inferences to be made; seeks to
identify cause-and-effect relationships.
concomitant variation - CORRECT ANSWER - One of three criteria for causality; occurs
when two events "covary," meaning they vary systematically.
conditional causality - CORRECT ANSWER - Means that a cause is necessary but not
sufficient to bring about an effect.
contributory causality - CORRECT ANSWER - Means that a cause need be neither
necessary nor sufficient to bring about an effect.
data analysis - CORRECT ANSWER - The application of reasoning to understand the data
that have been gathered.
decision making - CORRECT ANSWER - The process of developing and deciding among
alternative ways of resolving a problem or choosing from among alternative opportunities.
deliverables - CORRECT ANSWER - The term used often in consulting to describe
research objectives to a research client.
descriptive research - CORRECT ANSWER - Describes characteristics of objects, people,
groups, organizations, or environments; tries to "paint a picture" of a given situation.
diagnostic analysis - CORRECT ANSWER - Seeks to diagnose reasons for business
outcomes and focuses specifically on the beliefs and feelings consumers have about and toward
competing products.
experiment - CORRECT ANSWER - A carefully controlled study in which the researcher
manipulates a proposed cause and observes any corresponding change in the proposed effect.
