BIOD 121 Module 3 Exam Questions Fully Solved Latest Update () Graded A+

BIOD 121 Module 3 Exam Questions Fully Solved Latest Update () Graded A+ Energy Balance - Answers one's energy intake is equivalent to one's energy expended. Positive energy balance (examples when needed) - Answers More calories are consumed than expended - Growth Spurts - Pregnancy 1 pound of fat is __________ Kcals - Answers 3500 Hyperlasia - Answers increase in the NUMBER of fat cells - pregnancy - adolescence Hypertrophy - Answers increase in fat cell SIZE. - periods of low growth and maintenance (adulthood) Negative Energy Balance - Answers few calories consumed than expended - intentional with goal of weight loss - non-intentional from illness, trauma, healing burns Sole source of energy intake is from _________ & ___________. (Eat & Drink) - Answers Food & Beverages Energy can be expended naturally via _________ Metabolism (thermic effect of food), and ______________ as well as intentionally through ____________ activity. - Answers Basal/Thermogenesis/Physical Two major components of energy expenditure are _________ Metabolic Rate & ___________ Activity - Answers Basal/Physical Basal Metabolic Rate - Answers number of calories used while in a fasting state. - 60 to 70% of energy expenditure - Males 1 Kcal/Kg/Hour (females 0.9) Factors BMR is based on (9 Factors) - Answers 1. Gender 2. Lean Body Mass 3. Body Size 4. Temperature 5. Age 6. Nervous System 7.Activity 8. Caffeine Intake 9. Tobacco Use (SMOKING) If someone restricts their calories too much the BMR will ___________. - Answers Decline BMR is the body's safety mechanism to prevent ___________. As we age BMR drops ____ to _____ % per decade - Answers Starvation/ 1 to 2 Thermo effect of food (TEF) - Answers Energy used for digestion of food. Accounts for 10% of calorie expenditure. - Larger meals and meals high in Protein have higher TEF Thermogenesis (non-exercise activity thermogenesis NEAT) - Answers ability to regulate body temp and physical activity that is involuntary such as fidgeting, maintaining posture, and shivering. - Energy burned is small Brown fat is found in infants below the ____________. Adults have _________ brown fat and leaner adults have ________ than heavier adults. - Answers Collar/Little/More Physical Activity (Expenditure % and factors) - Answers 15-40% of energy expenditure. Factors are - body size, fitness level, actual activity Previous generations expended _______ calories than we do today as their jobs were more physically demanding. - Answers More In order to maintain a healthy weight its first necessary to understand how many calories your body requires on a _________ basis - Answers daily Amount of energy used can be measured both __________ and ____________. - Answers Directly and indirectly Direct Calorimetry - Answers amount of heat given off by the body. - Insulated chamber surrounded by thin layer of water. - Used infrequent due to expense and complexity. indirect calorimetry - Answers uses oxygen intake and CO2 output. - convenient, cheap, easy, very portable. BMR Male & Female equation - Answers = 66 + (6.23 x weight in LBS) + (12.7 x Height in IN) - (6.8 x age) = 655 + (4.35 x weight in LBS) + (4.7 x Height in IN) - (4.7 x age) To determine individual energy requirements, multiply the _____ X ____. Result is number of calories to ________ weight - Answers BMR and PA (Physical Activity 1.2 to 1.9)/ Maintain MyPlate.Gov provides a tool to calculate energy based off _______, __________, and ______. - Answers Age, Gender, Activity Level. height to weight tables - Answers - used by insurance companies - attempt to link longevity to a person's weight based on their height. - Didn't account individual differences. _________ weight is used today rather than ideal or desirable weight - Answers Health