BIOD 121 Module 1 Exam Questions with Verified Solutions Latest Update (2025-2026) Graded A+
4 types of external forces - Answers sensory
cognitive
environmental
health status
sensory force - Answers flavor, texture, and appearance
cognitive force - Answers habits, comfort foods, advertising, social factors, nutritional value
environmental force - Answers economic, lifestyle, cultural/ religion, environment
health status force - Answers physical restrictions, decline taste related to age/ medications, age and
gender
appetite - Answers psychological external influences that encourage us to find food and consume it
nutrients - Answers 1. promote growth and development
2. maintain tissues, cells, and bone
3. fuel the body for physical and metabolic work
4. regulate body processes
essential nutrients - Answers nutrients that are vital for sustaining our health
three functions of six classes of nutrients - Answers 1. provide energy
2. regulate body processes
3. contribute to cellular and body structure
classifications of nutrients - Answers 1. macronutrients
2. micronutrients
3. organic
4. inorganic
carbohydrates - Answers organic macronutrients
energy source
found in starches and sugars, broken down into glucose
, i.e. grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy, legumes
protein - Answers organic macronutrients that regulate body process, provide structure, and are an
energy source
made of amino acids
i.e. meats, dairy, legumes, vegetables, grains
lipids/ fats - Answers organic macronutrients that regulate body processes, provide structure, energy
source
triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids
i.e. fats, oils, meats, dairy products
vitamin - Answers organic micronutrient that regulates body processes
fat soluble, water soluble
i.e. all food groups
minerals - Answers inorganic micronutrients that regulate body process and provide structure
i.e. all food groups
water - Answers inorganic macronutrient that regulates body processes and provides structure
chemically, most simple nutrient but most important
i.e. beverages and foods
6 classes of nutrients - Answers carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
macro-minerals - Answers 16 minerals needed in reletively large quantities
micro-minerals - Answers only needed in small amounts and often referred to as the trace minerals
energy - Answers the ability to do work
functions of energy - Answers 1. build new compounds
2. perform muscle movements (mechanical energy)
3. promote nerve transmission (electrical energy)
4. maintain ion balance within cells
kilocalorie - Answers energy potential of food
4 types of external forces - Answers sensory
cognitive
environmental
health status
sensory force - Answers flavor, texture, and appearance
cognitive force - Answers habits, comfort foods, advertising, social factors, nutritional value
environmental force - Answers economic, lifestyle, cultural/ religion, environment
health status force - Answers physical restrictions, decline taste related to age/ medications, age and
gender
appetite - Answers psychological external influences that encourage us to find food and consume it
nutrients - Answers 1. promote growth and development
2. maintain tissues, cells, and bone
3. fuel the body for physical and metabolic work
4. regulate body processes
essential nutrients - Answers nutrients that are vital for sustaining our health
three functions of six classes of nutrients - Answers 1. provide energy
2. regulate body processes
3. contribute to cellular and body structure
classifications of nutrients - Answers 1. macronutrients
2. micronutrients
3. organic
4. inorganic
carbohydrates - Answers organic macronutrients
energy source
found in starches and sugars, broken down into glucose
, i.e. grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy, legumes
protein - Answers organic macronutrients that regulate body process, provide structure, and are an
energy source
made of amino acids
i.e. meats, dairy, legumes, vegetables, grains
lipids/ fats - Answers organic macronutrients that regulate body processes, provide structure, energy
source
triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids
i.e. fats, oils, meats, dairy products
vitamin - Answers organic micronutrient that regulates body processes
fat soluble, water soluble
i.e. all food groups
minerals - Answers inorganic micronutrients that regulate body process and provide structure
i.e. all food groups
water - Answers inorganic macronutrient that regulates body processes and provides structure
chemically, most simple nutrient but most important
i.e. beverages and foods
6 classes of nutrients - Answers carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
macro-minerals - Answers 16 minerals needed in reletively large quantities
micro-minerals - Answers only needed in small amounts and often referred to as the trace minerals
energy - Answers the ability to do work
functions of energy - Answers 1. build new compounds
2. perform muscle movements (mechanical energy)
3. promote nerve transmission (electrical energy)
4. maintain ion balance within cells
kilocalorie - Answers energy potential of food
