PSB Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2025
Depolarization jof jthe jaxon jterminal jcauses jinflux jof jwhat jion? j- jANS✓✓-
Calcium
What jis jtriggered jby jinflux jof jthe jion jlisted jabove? j- jANS✓✓-exocytosis
What jare jthe jtwo jbasic jmechanisms jfor jinactivation jneurotransmitter jin jthe
jsynaptic jcleft? j- jANS✓✓-After ja jchemical jis jreleased, jit jmust jbe jinactivated.
jInactivation jcan jbe jthrough ja jreuptake jmechanism jor jby jan jenzyme jthat jstops
jthe jaction jof jthe jchemical.
Neurotransmitters: j- jANS✓✓-communicate jlocally jacross j
the jsynapse
Neuromodulators: j- jANS✓✓-communicate jwith jtarget jcells jmore jdistant jthan
jthe jsynapse jby jdiffusing jaway jfrom jthe jpoint jof jrelease
A j_____________ jsynapse jis jcomprised jof jan jaxon jof ja j"transmitting" jneuron
jsynapsing jon jthe jdendrite jof ja j"receiving" jneuron j- jANS✓✓-axo jdendritic
List jone jcatecholaminergic jdrug jand jits jeffects jon jsynaptic jtransmission, jbeing
jsure jto jindicate jwhich jcatecholamine jthe jdrug jaffects j- jANS✓✓-Cocaine, jno
jre-uptake jof jdopamine jso jthere jis ja jton jof jdopamine jin jsynaptic jcleft jmaking
jguy jhave ja jlot jof jeuphoria
The janti-psychotic jdrug jhaloperidol jis jparticularly jselective jfor jdopamine
j_______ jreceptors..
A) jD1
B) jD2
C) jD3
D) jauto- j- jANS✓✓-B) jD2
Most jantipsychotic jmedications jact jby jblocking j_______ jreceptors. j
A) jserotonergic
B) jdopaminergic
C) jcholinergic
D) jmuscarinic j- jANS✓✓-B) jdopaminergic
, List jone jcholinergic jdrug jand jits jeffect jon jsynaptic jtransmission j- jANS✓✓-
nicotine jimitates jacetylcholine jin jnicotinic jreceptors, jopening jion jchannels jand
jstarting jaction jpotential jimpulse
List jone jseretonic jdrug jand jits jeffects jon jsynaptic jtransmission j- jANS✓✓-
Proxil, jZoloft, jetc... jEcstasy, jreversed jre-uptake! jIncreases jserotonin jrelease
jand jblocks jreuptake. jAfterwards, jLess jserotonin jis javailable jfor jrelease jand
jprevious jautoreceptor. jmake jperson jless jsad/gloomy/depressed
Define jG-protein jlinked jreceptor j- jANS✓✓-A jreceptor jthat jis jlinked jto ja jG
jprotein jto jactivate janother jprotein jfar jaway
Acetylcholine j(ACh) j- jANS✓✓-Main jneurotransmitter jfor jmuscle jcontrol. j
-2 jreceptor jtypes:
Nicotinic: ja jCNS jstimulant jand jactive jingredient jin jtobacco
Muscarninic: ja jpoisenous jsubstance jfound jin jsome jmushrooms.
BOTH jare jionotropic jand jmetotropic jand jare jboth jfound jin jPNS jand jCNS
Define jnicotinic jreceptor j- jANS✓✓-a jcholinergic jreceptor jthat jonce jbinded jwith
jacetylcholine jopens jan jion jchannel
Define jautoreceptor j- jANS✓✓-type jof jreceptor jlocated jin jthe jmembranes jof
jpresynaptic jnerve jcells, jresponsible jfor jnegative jfeedback jloop jin jsignal
jtransduction
Stores jneurotranmitters j- jANS✓✓-G
Reuptake jin jprogress j- jANS✓✓-E
Voltage jgated jion jchannel j- jANS✓✓-A
The jneuronal jmembrane jconsists jof ja/an j- jANS✓✓-double jlipid jlayer jwith
jembedded jprotein jmolecules
The jthree jcomponents jof jthe jcytoskeleton jof ja jneuron jare j- jANS✓✓-
neurofilaments, jmicrofilaments, jmicrotubules
bipolar jneuron j- jANS✓✓-A jneuron jthat jhas j2 jprocesses jOR jneurites jextending
jfrom jthe jsoma
rough jendoplasmic jreticulum j- jANS✓✓-Organelle jcomposed jof ja jfolded
jmembrane jwith jattached jribosomes; jinvolved jin jtranslation jof jmRNA jto jprotein
j[OR jsynthesizes jprotein jfrom jmRNA jcode]
Depolarization jof jthe jaxon jterminal jcauses jinflux jof jwhat jion? j- jANS✓✓-
Calcium
What jis jtriggered jby jinflux jof jthe jion jlisted jabove? j- jANS✓✓-exocytosis
What jare jthe jtwo jbasic jmechanisms jfor jinactivation jneurotransmitter jin jthe
jsynaptic jcleft? j- jANS✓✓-After ja jchemical jis jreleased, jit jmust jbe jinactivated.
jInactivation jcan jbe jthrough ja jreuptake jmechanism jor jby jan jenzyme jthat jstops
jthe jaction jof jthe jchemical.
Neurotransmitters: j- jANS✓✓-communicate jlocally jacross j
the jsynapse
Neuromodulators: j- jANS✓✓-communicate jwith jtarget jcells jmore jdistant jthan
jthe jsynapse jby jdiffusing jaway jfrom jthe jpoint jof jrelease
A j_____________ jsynapse jis jcomprised jof jan jaxon jof ja j"transmitting" jneuron
jsynapsing jon jthe jdendrite jof ja j"receiving" jneuron j- jANS✓✓-axo jdendritic
List jone jcatecholaminergic jdrug jand jits jeffects jon jsynaptic jtransmission, jbeing
jsure jto jindicate jwhich jcatecholamine jthe jdrug jaffects j- jANS✓✓-Cocaine, jno
jre-uptake jof jdopamine jso jthere jis ja jton jof jdopamine jin jsynaptic jcleft jmaking
jguy jhave ja jlot jof jeuphoria
The janti-psychotic jdrug jhaloperidol jis jparticularly jselective jfor jdopamine
j_______ jreceptors..
A) jD1
B) jD2
C) jD3
D) jauto- j- jANS✓✓-B) jD2
Most jantipsychotic jmedications jact jby jblocking j_______ jreceptors. j
A) jserotonergic
B) jdopaminergic
C) jcholinergic
D) jmuscarinic j- jANS✓✓-B) jdopaminergic
, List jone jcholinergic jdrug jand jits jeffect jon jsynaptic jtransmission j- jANS✓✓-
nicotine jimitates jacetylcholine jin jnicotinic jreceptors, jopening jion jchannels jand
jstarting jaction jpotential jimpulse
List jone jseretonic jdrug jand jits jeffects jon jsynaptic jtransmission j- jANS✓✓-
Proxil, jZoloft, jetc... jEcstasy, jreversed jre-uptake! jIncreases jserotonin jrelease
jand jblocks jreuptake. jAfterwards, jLess jserotonin jis javailable jfor jrelease jand
jprevious jautoreceptor. jmake jperson jless jsad/gloomy/depressed
Define jG-protein jlinked jreceptor j- jANS✓✓-A jreceptor jthat jis jlinked jto ja jG
jprotein jto jactivate janother jprotein jfar jaway
Acetylcholine j(ACh) j- jANS✓✓-Main jneurotransmitter jfor jmuscle jcontrol. j
-2 jreceptor jtypes:
Nicotinic: ja jCNS jstimulant jand jactive jingredient jin jtobacco
Muscarninic: ja jpoisenous jsubstance jfound jin jsome jmushrooms.
BOTH jare jionotropic jand jmetotropic jand jare jboth jfound jin jPNS jand jCNS
Define jnicotinic jreceptor j- jANS✓✓-a jcholinergic jreceptor jthat jonce jbinded jwith
jacetylcholine jopens jan jion jchannel
Define jautoreceptor j- jANS✓✓-type jof jreceptor jlocated jin jthe jmembranes jof
jpresynaptic jnerve jcells, jresponsible jfor jnegative jfeedback jloop jin jsignal
jtransduction
Stores jneurotranmitters j- jANS✓✓-G
Reuptake jin jprogress j- jANS✓✓-E
Voltage jgated jion jchannel j- jANS✓✓-A
The jneuronal jmembrane jconsists jof ja/an j- jANS✓✓-double jlipid jlayer jwith
jembedded jprotein jmolecules
The jthree jcomponents jof jthe jcytoskeleton jof ja jneuron jare j- jANS✓✓-
neurofilaments, jmicrofilaments, jmicrotubules
bipolar jneuron j- jANS✓✓-A jneuron jthat jhas j2 jprocesses jOR jneurites jextending
jfrom jthe jsoma
rough jendoplasmic jreticulum j- jANS✓✓-Organelle jcomposed jof ja jfolded
jmembrane jwith jattached jribosomes; jinvolved jin jtranslation jof jmRNA jto jprotein
j[OR jsynthesizes jprotein jfrom jmRNA jcode]
