MB ASCP EXAM 1 UPDATED
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the function of DNA? - CORRECT ANSWER - Store genetic information
Purine - CORRECT ANSWER - Double ring of nitrogen base (G, A)
Pyrimidine - CORRECT ANSWER - Single ring of nitrogen base (T, C)
What is the complementary sequence to 5'AGGTCA3' ? - CORRECT ANSWER -
5'TGACCT3'
Which of the ribose carbons participate in the phosphodiester bond? - CORRECT
ANSWER - The 5' ribose carbon carries the phosphate group that forms a phosphodiester
bond with the hydroxyl group on the 3' ribose carbon.
Which ribose carbon carries the nitrogen base? - CORRECT ANSWER - The 1' carbon
Why does DNA polymerase require primase activity? - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA
polymerase cannot begin synthesis without a 3' OH group (thus DNA is read 3' to 5' to synthesize
new DNA)
Phosphodiester bond is... - CORRECT ANSWER - the covalent bond between nucleotides
catalyzed by DNA polymerase
DNA replication is conservative or semi-conservative? - CORRECT ANSWER - Semi-
conservative
What is the lagging strand in DNA synthesis? - CORRECT ANSWER - The strand
positioned 5' to 3' with respect to the direction of synthesis, requiring the replication assembly to
, jump ahead and read 3' to 5' back toward the moving replication fork. The leading strand is read
continuously 3' to 5'.
In what direction is DNA synthesized? - CORRECT ANSWER - The newly synthesized
DNA is created 5' to 3. The template DNA is read 3' to 5'.
Okazaki Fragments - CORRECT ANSWER - Short pieces of DNA involved in DNA
synthesis
Polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER - Catalyzes the formation of a phosphodiester bond
between nucleotides
Helicase - CORRECT ANSWER - Separates the two strands of DNA
Primase - CORRECT ANSWER - An RNA polymerase that starts replication in the
absence of a 3' OH group
Exonuclease - CORRECT ANSWER - Digests phosphodiester bonds from the ends of
nucleic acid molecules
Endonuclease - CORRECT ANSWER - Breaks the phosphodiester bonds in nucleic acids
within the polymer chains, rather than from the ends. Ex restriction enzyme
If a plasmid is digested with an enzyme and 3 bands are formed on gel electrophoresis, how
many enzyme cut sites are present on the plasmid? - CORRECT ANSWER - 3 sites
What type of enzyme could turn a sticky end into a blunt end? - CORRECT ANSWER -A
single strand exonuclease can digest the overhand, forming a blunt end. Alternatively, a
polymerase could fill in the overhang to make a blunt end
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the function of DNA? - CORRECT ANSWER - Store genetic information
Purine - CORRECT ANSWER - Double ring of nitrogen base (G, A)
Pyrimidine - CORRECT ANSWER - Single ring of nitrogen base (T, C)
What is the complementary sequence to 5'AGGTCA3' ? - CORRECT ANSWER -
5'TGACCT3'
Which of the ribose carbons participate in the phosphodiester bond? - CORRECT
ANSWER - The 5' ribose carbon carries the phosphate group that forms a phosphodiester
bond with the hydroxyl group on the 3' ribose carbon.
Which ribose carbon carries the nitrogen base? - CORRECT ANSWER - The 1' carbon
Why does DNA polymerase require primase activity? - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA
polymerase cannot begin synthesis without a 3' OH group (thus DNA is read 3' to 5' to synthesize
new DNA)
Phosphodiester bond is... - CORRECT ANSWER - the covalent bond between nucleotides
catalyzed by DNA polymerase
DNA replication is conservative or semi-conservative? - CORRECT ANSWER - Semi-
conservative
What is the lagging strand in DNA synthesis? - CORRECT ANSWER - The strand
positioned 5' to 3' with respect to the direction of synthesis, requiring the replication assembly to
, jump ahead and read 3' to 5' back toward the moving replication fork. The leading strand is read
continuously 3' to 5'.
In what direction is DNA synthesized? - CORRECT ANSWER - The newly synthesized
DNA is created 5' to 3. The template DNA is read 3' to 5'.
Okazaki Fragments - CORRECT ANSWER - Short pieces of DNA involved in DNA
synthesis
Polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER - Catalyzes the formation of a phosphodiester bond
between nucleotides
Helicase - CORRECT ANSWER - Separates the two strands of DNA
Primase - CORRECT ANSWER - An RNA polymerase that starts replication in the
absence of a 3' OH group
Exonuclease - CORRECT ANSWER - Digests phosphodiester bonds from the ends of
nucleic acid molecules
Endonuclease - CORRECT ANSWER - Breaks the phosphodiester bonds in nucleic acids
within the polymer chains, rather than from the ends. Ex restriction enzyme
If a plasmid is digested with an enzyme and 3 bands are formed on gel electrophoresis, how
many enzyme cut sites are present on the plasmid? - CORRECT ANSWER - 3 sites
What type of enzyme could turn a sticky end into a blunt end? - CORRECT ANSWER -A
single strand exonuclease can digest the overhand, forming a blunt end. Alternatively, a
polymerase could fill in the overhang to make a blunt end
