1. Which of the following is an example of a nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drug (NSAID)?
A. Prednisone
B. Ibuprofen
C. Acetaminophen
D. Hydrocodone
Answer: B) Ibuprofen
Rationale: Ibuprofen is an NSAID that reduces inflammation, pain,
and fever by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. Prednisone
is a corticosteroid, acetaminophen is an analgesic, and hydrocodone
is an opioid analgesic.
2. A nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a patient with
diabetes mellitus. Which of the following is most important to assess
before administration?
A. Blood glucose level
B. Liver enzymes
C. Urine output
D. Serum potassium levels
Answer: A) Blood glucose level
Rationale: Blood glucose levels must be checked before
administering insulin to ensure the appropriate dose is given.
3. A nurse is teaching a patient who is prescribed lithium. Which of
the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "You can take this medication with any over-the-counter
medications."
B. "Avoid sudden changes in sodium intake."
C. "You may need to limit your water intake."
D. "This medication should be stopped if you gain weight."
Answer: B) "Avoid sudden changes in sodium intake."
Rationale: Lithium levels are influenced by sodium intake. Low
sodium can increase the risk of lithium toxicity.
4. A patient is taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).
Which of the following is a common side effect?
A. Sedation
B. Weight loss
C. Insomnia
D. Sexual dysfunction
,Answer: D) Sexual dysfunction
Rationale: SSRIs commonly cause sexual side effects, such as
decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, or difficulty reaching orgasm.
5. A nurse is administering potassium chloride to a patient. Which of
the following is an essential consideration when administering this
medication?
A. It should always be given on an empty stomach.
B. It should be diluted in a large volume of fluid and given slowly.
C. It should be taken with grapefruit juice to enhance absorption.
D. It should be administered intramuscularly to avoid
gastrointestinal upset.
Answer: B) It should be diluted in a large volume of fluid and given
slowly.
Rationale: Potassium chloride can irritate the gastrointestinal tract
and cause severe pain if given undiluted or too rapidly. It should be
diluted and given slowly to prevent complications like arrhythmias.
6. A patient is prescribed spironolactone for heart failure. Which of
the following is a common side effect of this medication?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Dehydration
D. Hypotension
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can
lead to an increase in potassium levels, resulting in hyperkalemia.
7. Which of the following is a common side effect of the medication
digoxin?
A. Weight gain
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hypotension
Answer: B) Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin is used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation,
and it can slow the heart rate, leading to bradycardia.
8. Which of the following drug classes is commonly used to treat
hypertension and prevent heart failure symptoms?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Diuretics
, C. Calcium channel blockers
D. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Answer: A) Beta-blockers
Rationale: Beta-blockers decrease heart rate and reduce blood
pressure, helping to manage hypertension and prevent heart failure
symptoms.
9. Which of the following medications is most appropriate for
treating chronic asthma symptoms?
A. Albuterol
B. Fluticasone
C. Ipratropium
D. Epinephrine
Answer: B) Fluticasone
Rationale: Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for the long-
term control of asthma by reducing inflammation. Albuterol is a
short-acting bronchodilator used for acute symptoms, while
ipratropium is used as a bronchodilator, and epinephrine is for
emergency situations.
10. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving an intravenous
infusion of vancomycin. Which of the following is an important
intervention to prevent complications?
A. Administer the medication slowly to reduce the risk of "red man
syndrome."
B. Increase the infusion rate to achieve therapeutic levels more
quickly.
C. Administer the medication with food to reduce gastrointestinal
irritation.
D. Stop the infusion immediately if the patient reports a headache.
Answer: A) Administer the medication slowly to reduce the risk of
"red man syndrome."
Rationale: "Red man syndrome" is a reaction that can occur when
vancomycin is infused too quickly. It includes symptoms such as
flushing, rash, and hypotension. Administering it slowly reduces the
risk of this reaction.
11. Which of the following is a common side effect of
antihypertensive medications, particularly ACE inhibitors?
A. Diarrhea
B. Cough
C. Weight gain
inflammatory drug (NSAID)?
A. Prednisone
B. Ibuprofen
C. Acetaminophen
D. Hydrocodone
Answer: B) Ibuprofen
Rationale: Ibuprofen is an NSAID that reduces inflammation, pain,
and fever by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. Prednisone
is a corticosteroid, acetaminophen is an analgesic, and hydrocodone
is an opioid analgesic.
2. A nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a patient with
diabetes mellitus. Which of the following is most important to assess
before administration?
A. Blood glucose level
B. Liver enzymes
C. Urine output
D. Serum potassium levels
Answer: A) Blood glucose level
Rationale: Blood glucose levels must be checked before
administering insulin to ensure the appropriate dose is given.
3. A nurse is teaching a patient who is prescribed lithium. Which of
the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "You can take this medication with any over-the-counter
medications."
B. "Avoid sudden changes in sodium intake."
C. "You may need to limit your water intake."
D. "This medication should be stopped if you gain weight."
Answer: B) "Avoid sudden changes in sodium intake."
Rationale: Lithium levels are influenced by sodium intake. Low
sodium can increase the risk of lithium toxicity.
4. A patient is taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).
Which of the following is a common side effect?
A. Sedation
B. Weight loss
C. Insomnia
D. Sexual dysfunction
,Answer: D) Sexual dysfunction
Rationale: SSRIs commonly cause sexual side effects, such as
decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, or difficulty reaching orgasm.
5. A nurse is administering potassium chloride to a patient. Which of
the following is an essential consideration when administering this
medication?
A. It should always be given on an empty stomach.
B. It should be diluted in a large volume of fluid and given slowly.
C. It should be taken with grapefruit juice to enhance absorption.
D. It should be administered intramuscularly to avoid
gastrointestinal upset.
Answer: B) It should be diluted in a large volume of fluid and given
slowly.
Rationale: Potassium chloride can irritate the gastrointestinal tract
and cause severe pain if given undiluted or too rapidly. It should be
diluted and given slowly to prevent complications like arrhythmias.
6. A patient is prescribed spironolactone for heart failure. Which of
the following is a common side effect of this medication?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Dehydration
D. Hypotension
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can
lead to an increase in potassium levels, resulting in hyperkalemia.
7. Which of the following is a common side effect of the medication
digoxin?
A. Weight gain
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hypotension
Answer: B) Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin is used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation,
and it can slow the heart rate, leading to bradycardia.
8. Which of the following drug classes is commonly used to treat
hypertension and prevent heart failure symptoms?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Diuretics
, C. Calcium channel blockers
D. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Answer: A) Beta-blockers
Rationale: Beta-blockers decrease heart rate and reduce blood
pressure, helping to manage hypertension and prevent heart failure
symptoms.
9. Which of the following medications is most appropriate for
treating chronic asthma symptoms?
A. Albuterol
B. Fluticasone
C. Ipratropium
D. Epinephrine
Answer: B) Fluticasone
Rationale: Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for the long-
term control of asthma by reducing inflammation. Albuterol is a
short-acting bronchodilator used for acute symptoms, while
ipratropium is used as a bronchodilator, and epinephrine is for
emergency situations.
10. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving an intravenous
infusion of vancomycin. Which of the following is an important
intervention to prevent complications?
A. Administer the medication slowly to reduce the risk of "red man
syndrome."
B. Increase the infusion rate to achieve therapeutic levels more
quickly.
C. Administer the medication with food to reduce gastrointestinal
irritation.
D. Stop the infusion immediately if the patient reports a headache.
Answer: A) Administer the medication slowly to reduce the risk of
"red man syndrome."
Rationale: "Red man syndrome" is a reaction that can occur when
vancomycin is infused too quickly. It includes symptoms such as
flushing, rash, and hypotension. Administering it slowly reduces the
risk of this reaction.
11. Which of the following is a common side effect of
antihypertensive medications, particularly ACE inhibitors?
A. Diarrhea
B. Cough
C. Weight gain
