CPHON Cancer Diangoses UPDATED
Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia incidence - CORRECT ANSWER - most common form of
peds cancer, peak incidence between 2-5 years old, increased in males and whites
Genetic risk factors for ALL - CORRECT ANSWER - Identical twins, down syndrome
(15-20x more likely)
syndromes: beckwith-wiedmann, klineflelters, schwachmans, blooms, fanconis
genetic abnormalities: neurofibromatosis, ataxia - telangiectasia
Immune deficiencies: wiskott aldrich, hypogammaglobenemia
Signs/Symptoms of ALL - CORRECT ANSWER - pancytopenia, PERSISTENT
FEVERS, LYMPHADENOPATHY, HEPATOSPLENOMEGALLY
Increased WBC - 50% of patients have >10,000, high risk = >50,000
Increased TLS labs, increased LDH
Definitive diagnosis of ALL - CORRECT ANSWER - >25% blasts in marrow
Lab indications of CNS+ LP - CORRECT ANSWER - pleocytosis (increased WBCs),
increased CSF pressure, increased CSF protein, decreased CSF glucose
Subtypes of ALL (3) - CORRECT ANSWER - pre B-cell: most common
T-Cell: increased WBCs, mediastinal mass common
Mature B-cell: responds poorly to standard therapy
Favorable prognostic factors of ALL (5) - CORRECT ANSWER - Age 2-10, WBC <50,
minimal residual disease @ day 29, hyperdiploidy - extra copies, CALLA+
, Unfavorable prognostic factors of ALL (4) - CORRECT ANSWER - Infant/adolescent
(times of rapid growth), dx within 1st year of life, hypoploidy - missing copies, Philadelphia+
Treatment of ALL (8) - CORRECT ANSWER - SIT CMV PD6: steroids, IT triples,
cytarabine, MTX, VCR, peg, doxo, 6MP
Treatment of Acute Non-lymphocytic leukemai - CORRECT ANSWER - similar to ALL,
possible BMT
Incidence of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia - CORRECT ANSWER - neonatal period or
adults >55, equal distributions between sexes, hispanic is most common, then AA, then whites
AML risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER - frequently seen as a secondary malignancy,
ionizing radiation, maternal cigarette/cannabis/ETOH use, pesticides and petroleum products,
identical twins
Genetic abnormalities: downs, fanconis, neurofibromatosis
Signs/symptoms of AML - CORRECT ANSWER - Fever, pancytopenia, CHLOROMAS -
collection of leukemic cells - often seen around eyes, bone pain, hepatosplenomegaly
Favorable AML factors (7) - CORRECT ANSWER - females, >2 years old, BMA 11-94%
blasts, absence of extramedullary disease, WBC <50, presence of t(8;21) inv(16) or normal
chromosomes, downs (<4 years old)
Unfavorable AML factors (3) - CORRECT ANSWER - hispanic, monosomy 7, FLT3+
How many subtypes of AML and how are they differentiated - CORRECT ANSWER -7
subtypes, distinguished by level of differentiation of cells and which myeloid cell line is affected
Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia incidence - CORRECT ANSWER - most common form of
peds cancer, peak incidence between 2-5 years old, increased in males and whites
Genetic risk factors for ALL - CORRECT ANSWER - Identical twins, down syndrome
(15-20x more likely)
syndromes: beckwith-wiedmann, klineflelters, schwachmans, blooms, fanconis
genetic abnormalities: neurofibromatosis, ataxia - telangiectasia
Immune deficiencies: wiskott aldrich, hypogammaglobenemia
Signs/Symptoms of ALL - CORRECT ANSWER - pancytopenia, PERSISTENT
FEVERS, LYMPHADENOPATHY, HEPATOSPLENOMEGALLY
Increased WBC - 50% of patients have >10,000, high risk = >50,000
Increased TLS labs, increased LDH
Definitive diagnosis of ALL - CORRECT ANSWER - >25% blasts in marrow
Lab indications of CNS+ LP - CORRECT ANSWER - pleocytosis (increased WBCs),
increased CSF pressure, increased CSF protein, decreased CSF glucose
Subtypes of ALL (3) - CORRECT ANSWER - pre B-cell: most common
T-Cell: increased WBCs, mediastinal mass common
Mature B-cell: responds poorly to standard therapy
Favorable prognostic factors of ALL (5) - CORRECT ANSWER - Age 2-10, WBC <50,
minimal residual disease @ day 29, hyperdiploidy - extra copies, CALLA+
, Unfavorable prognostic factors of ALL (4) - CORRECT ANSWER - Infant/adolescent
(times of rapid growth), dx within 1st year of life, hypoploidy - missing copies, Philadelphia+
Treatment of ALL (8) - CORRECT ANSWER - SIT CMV PD6: steroids, IT triples,
cytarabine, MTX, VCR, peg, doxo, 6MP
Treatment of Acute Non-lymphocytic leukemai - CORRECT ANSWER - similar to ALL,
possible BMT
Incidence of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia - CORRECT ANSWER - neonatal period or
adults >55, equal distributions between sexes, hispanic is most common, then AA, then whites
AML risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER - frequently seen as a secondary malignancy,
ionizing radiation, maternal cigarette/cannabis/ETOH use, pesticides and petroleum products,
identical twins
Genetic abnormalities: downs, fanconis, neurofibromatosis
Signs/symptoms of AML - CORRECT ANSWER - Fever, pancytopenia, CHLOROMAS -
collection of leukemic cells - often seen around eyes, bone pain, hepatosplenomegaly
Favorable AML factors (7) - CORRECT ANSWER - females, >2 years old, BMA 11-94%
blasts, absence of extramedullary disease, WBC <50, presence of t(8;21) inv(16) or normal
chromosomes, downs (<4 years old)
Unfavorable AML factors (3) - CORRECT ANSWER - hispanic, monosomy 7, FLT3+
How many subtypes of AML and how are they differentiated - CORRECT ANSWER -7
subtypes, distinguished by level of differentiation of cells and which myeloid cell line is affected
