NUR 201 Exam 5- Latest 2025-2026 Questions and Correct Answers (Graded A+)
chronic conditions - Answers last about 3 months or more
include congenital defects like spinia bifida and cleft palate
could be born with it or could be from injury or birth issues like anoxia
special healthcare needs are dependent on - Answers meds/diet
technology
health care services
developmental limitation
chronic health conditions - Answers asthma
seizures
CF
renal failure
down syndrome
muscular dystrophy
behavioral disorders
brain injuries
cerbral palsy are prone to - Answers getting pneumonia
muscular dystrophy - Answers group of muscle disorders that cause gradual muscle wasting
progressive disorder
absence of dystrophin which causes the muscle to become infiltrated with fat
is there a cure for muscular dystrophy - Answers no cure
,average life span is about 25 years
when is muscular dystrophy diagnosed? - Answers around age 3 bc that's when they are more mobile
-parents will report child is using upper extremities more than lower
-difficulty going up the stairs
what causes death in muscular dystrophy? - Answers cardiac failure
muscular dystrophy symptoms - Answers -waddling wide based gait
-lordosis
-gowers sign
-weak/hypertrophied calf muscles
-weak/hypertrophied cardiac muscles
-decreased self care activities
diagnosis of muscular dystrophy - Answers lack of dystropin
serum creatinine kinase levels will be elevated
diet for muscular dystrophy - Answers high fiber
low calorie
adequate fluid
may be on stool softeners to help with constipation
nursing care for muscular dystrophy - Answers Maintain independent living for child as long as possible
Prevent respiratory infections
Monitor skin—special bed
Assess mobility
,Antibiotics, flu shot (make sure they get their flu shot)
Therapies(physical/occupational)
cerebral palsy - Answers Characterized by physical impairment with mild to severe physical and mental
dysfunction
Nonprogressive and ultimately affects your motor function
cerebral palsy symptoms - Answers muscle rigidity
muscle spasticity
muscular hypotonia or hypertonia
poor control or posture
ataxia
persistence of newborn reflexes
scissoring gait
nursing care for cerebral palsy - Answers Allow frequent rest periods to reduce muscle spasms/prevent
fatigue
Provide intellectual stimulation
Increased caloric intake (they might have feeding tubes for increased caloric needs)
Therapies (occupational, speech, physical)
Not uncommon to see visual disturbances so they need eye glasses
medications to reduce muscle spasms - Answers Dantrolene (dantrium), Baclofen (lioresal) to decrease
spasticity
, Botulinum (Botox) injections for paralysis of specific muscles (to help release the muscle)
used short term in older children
other meds for cerebral palsy - Answers anti-anxiety (lorazpam/ativan)
anti-convulsant for seizures
Tendon lengthening - Answers surgical lengthening of a tightened or contracted tendon
down syndrome - Answers trisomy 21 which occurs when there is a 3rd chromosome on the 21st pair
increases with maternal age
symptoms of down syndrome - Answers Microcephaly (small head, if unsure do head circumference)
Upward slanting with epicanthal folds (eyes or slanted upwards and have thicker skin around eyelid)
Broad flat nose
Low set ears(draw imaginary line from pupil to pina of eye if it is lower than that they have low set ears)
Protruding tongue (they have poor muscle tone so the tongue is larger than normal infant)
Poor muscle tone
Hyperflexibility
Short, broad hand (Simian crease)
chronic conditions - Answers last about 3 months or more
include congenital defects like spinia bifida and cleft palate
could be born with it or could be from injury or birth issues like anoxia
special healthcare needs are dependent on - Answers meds/diet
technology
health care services
developmental limitation
chronic health conditions - Answers asthma
seizures
CF
renal failure
down syndrome
muscular dystrophy
behavioral disorders
brain injuries
cerbral palsy are prone to - Answers getting pneumonia
muscular dystrophy - Answers group of muscle disorders that cause gradual muscle wasting
progressive disorder
absence of dystrophin which causes the muscle to become infiltrated with fat
is there a cure for muscular dystrophy - Answers no cure
,average life span is about 25 years
when is muscular dystrophy diagnosed? - Answers around age 3 bc that's when they are more mobile
-parents will report child is using upper extremities more than lower
-difficulty going up the stairs
what causes death in muscular dystrophy? - Answers cardiac failure
muscular dystrophy symptoms - Answers -waddling wide based gait
-lordosis
-gowers sign
-weak/hypertrophied calf muscles
-weak/hypertrophied cardiac muscles
-decreased self care activities
diagnosis of muscular dystrophy - Answers lack of dystropin
serum creatinine kinase levels will be elevated
diet for muscular dystrophy - Answers high fiber
low calorie
adequate fluid
may be on stool softeners to help with constipation
nursing care for muscular dystrophy - Answers Maintain independent living for child as long as possible
Prevent respiratory infections
Monitor skin—special bed
Assess mobility
,Antibiotics, flu shot (make sure they get their flu shot)
Therapies(physical/occupational)
cerebral palsy - Answers Characterized by physical impairment with mild to severe physical and mental
dysfunction
Nonprogressive and ultimately affects your motor function
cerebral palsy symptoms - Answers muscle rigidity
muscle spasticity
muscular hypotonia or hypertonia
poor control or posture
ataxia
persistence of newborn reflexes
scissoring gait
nursing care for cerebral palsy - Answers Allow frequent rest periods to reduce muscle spasms/prevent
fatigue
Provide intellectual stimulation
Increased caloric intake (they might have feeding tubes for increased caloric needs)
Therapies (occupational, speech, physical)
Not uncommon to see visual disturbances so they need eye glasses
medications to reduce muscle spasms - Answers Dantrolene (dantrium), Baclofen (lioresal) to decrease
spasticity
, Botulinum (Botox) injections for paralysis of specific muscles (to help release the muscle)
used short term in older children
other meds for cerebral palsy - Answers anti-anxiety (lorazpam/ativan)
anti-convulsant for seizures
Tendon lengthening - Answers surgical lengthening of a tightened or contracted tendon
down syndrome - Answers trisomy 21 which occurs when there is a 3rd chromosome on the 21st pair
increases with maternal age
symptoms of down syndrome - Answers Microcephaly (small head, if unsure do head circumference)
Upward slanting with epicanthal folds (eyes or slanted upwards and have thicker skin around eyelid)
Broad flat nose
Low set ears(draw imaginary line from pupil to pina of eye if it is lower than that they have low set ears)
Protruding tongue (they have poor muscle tone so the tongue is larger than normal infant)
Poor muscle tone
Hyperflexibility
Short, broad hand (Simian crease)
