HTML. Tutorial Questions and Answers 100% Accurate

HTML. Tutorial Questions and Answers 100% Accurate Overview of HTML Developers use HyperText Markup Language (HTML) to code documents that specify the content and structure of a website. The purpose of HTML is to identify and describe the various components of a web page. Unlike programming languages, such as Java and C++, it does not perform any operations on data. Documents with HTML code are saved with the .html extension. The image shows the HTML code of a simple web page. The first line in this code is a !DOCTYPE html declaration. It states the HTML version used on the page. The code also shows angle brackets that enclose the HTML tags (in purple font). These tags occur in pairs. Notice that the second tag in each pair has a slash (/) in it. Each pair of tags encloses an element of the web page. The opening tag marks the beginning of the element, and the closing tag marks its end. There can also be a pair of tags within another pair of tags. These tags define nested elements, which allow you to organize content in a logical order. Note that the tags don't appear on the web page seen in the browser—they are only visible in the code. Besides specifying what the browser will display, HTML tags also add meaning to the content. For this purpose, the tags allow you to assign user-defined classes to the content. For example, marking text as a heading shows the importance of those words on the web page. Semantic markup refers to HTML tags that describe the meaning of the content. They include form, table, img, and so on. Such tags describe the meaning of the element to the browser and to the developer. Semantic markup also makes it easier to apply general formatting rules throughout a web page. Additionally, it helps search engines evaluate the importance of information on the web pages. When you code your web page in HTML, it is more likely that the page will come up in search results. The code is generally shorter and better organized as compared to the code generated by a website design tool. You may also need to change the code generated by a tool to get the desired results. Which HTML tags describe the meaning of the content? ___________ elements describe the meaning of the content. Semantic HTML Tags Now that you know what HTML tags are, let's discuss the different types of HTML tags. An HTML document has two parts: a head and a body. The HTML Head The head section of an HTML document includes global formatting or style information. The head element of your document contains metadata. Metadata is data about data. Meta elements specify page description, keywords, author of the document, and so on. Let's look at the tags that describe metadata. - title: Use the title tag to define the title of the HTML document. You write the title in this format: titleTitle name/title. - style: Use the style tag to change the color of the text, convert text to an image, and so on. You use this tag in this format: stylep {color:blue;}/style. more info: - link: Use the link tag to define a link between the document and an external source. You write the link in this format: link href="" rel="stylesheet" title="default style". - meta: Use the meta tag to provide metadata about the HTML document. You write the metadata in this format: meta name="keywords" content="HTML". - script: Use the script tag to define a client-side script, such as JavaScript. You write the script in this format: scriptsrc=""/script. - base: Use the base tag to define the base URL in an HTML document. You specify the URL in this format: base href="URL name". The HTML Body The body element of your HTML document contains text, hyperlinks, images, tables, lists, and other elements. Let's look at some important body tags. - html: Use the html tag to tell the browser that your document is in HTML format. This tag is the root of the document. You write the tag in this format: !DOCTYPE HTMLhtmlheadtitleTitle /title/head. - p: Use the p tag to define a paragraph. You write a paragraph in this format: pThis is a paragraph/p. - br: Use the br tag to add a line break. You can add multiple line breaks in your document. - h1 to h6: Use these tags to define different levels of headings in your document. You write the heading in this format: h1Heading 1/h1. - img: Use the img tag to define an image. You can add an image using this format: img src="image name". List Tags Sometimes, you may want or need to list items on your web page. There are three types of HTML list tags used to list items. Let's discuss them one by one. The Unordered List Tag: ul You can use an unordered list tag to create a bulleted list of items. Changing the order of the items does not change the meaning of the list. For example, if you want to create an unordered list of fruit names, first write the opening unordered list tag: ul. Then, add the list header using the lhtitle/lh tag. Next, write the li tag, followed by the first list item. Continue writing the remaining items in the same way. Finally, write the closing unordered list tag: /ul. The following HTML code produces an unordered list of fruit names, as shown in the image: ul lhFruit/lh liApple/li liMango/li liOrange/li liBanana/li liPeach/li /ul The Ordered List Tag: ol Use an ordered list tag to list numbered items. For example, if you want to create a numbered list of fruit names, first write the opening ordered list tag: ol. If you want to add a list header, write the text in the lhtitle/lh tag. Then, write the li tag, followed by the first list item. Continue writing the remaining items in the same way. Finally, write the closing ordered list tag: /ol. The following HTML code creates a numbered list of fruit names, as shown in the image: ol lhFruit/lh liApple/li liMango/li liOrange/li liBanana/li liPeach/li /ol The numbering can be in the form of numerals, letters, Roman numerals, or bullets. The CSS defines the numbering style. Definition List Tags: dl, dt, and dd You may want to include a definition list to mention certain terms and their definitions. Use the dt tag to specify a term, and the dd tag to specify the definition. To write a definition list for various HTML tags, write the opening definition list tag dl. Next, write the term in this format: dtterm name/dt. Then, write the definition of the term in this format: dddefinition/dd. Your web page can have a number of dt and dd elements. Finally, write the closing definition list tag, /dl. The following HTML code creates a list of terms and their definitions, as shown in the image: dl dtUnordered List/dt ddAn unordered list is a list of bulleted items./dd dtOrdered List/dt ddAn ordered list is a list of numbered items./dd dtDefinition List/dt ddA definition list is a list of terms with corresponding definitions./dd /dl The Table Tag: table You can use the table tag to define an HTML table. The th, tr, and td tags define a table header, a table row, and a cell, respectively. In an HTML table, you can write text, add images, write links, and so on. For example, you can use the following HTML code to create a table for fruit and animal names: table tr thFruit/th thAnimal/th /tr tr tdApple/td tdLion/td /tr tr tdMango/td tdTiger/td /tr