WGU Psychology Study Guide
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT!!
Define mind - ANSWERnonphysical manifestation of the brain's activity. What the
brain DOES.
Define behavior - ANSWERThe outwardly observable acts of a person, either alone
or in a group
Define science - ANSWERStriving to solidify facts by using objective evidence
Define clinical neuropsychologist - ANSWERAdministers tests to diagnose the
effects of brain damage on thoughts, feelings, and behavior, and to diagnose what
parts of the brain are damaged.
Define counseling psychologist - ANSWERHelps people manage issues that arise
during everyday life (career, marriage, family, work).
Define developmental psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches the
development of mental contents and processes as well as behavior with age and
experience
What are the three levels of analysis? - ANSWERbrain, person, group
Level of the brain - ANSWERfocus on both the activity of the brain and the structure
and properties of the organ itself: brain cells and their connections, the chemical
liquid in which they exist, and the genes that give rise to them.
Level of the person - ANSWERfocus on mental events, the contents and functions of
the mind
divide mental events into two types, mental contents and mental processes
Define mental contents - ANSWERconsist of knowledge; beliefs (including ideas,
explanations, and expectations); desires (such as hopes, goals, and needs); and
feelings (such as fear, sadness, joy, and guilt).
Define mental processes - ANSWERconsist of sets of operations that work together
to complete a function, such as attention, perception, or memory. These operations
are like the chopping, measuring, and mixing that goes into cooking, and the
different mental contents are analogous to different ingredients in cooking.
Level of the group - ANSWERfocus on the ways collections of people (as few as two
or as many as a society) shape the mind and behavior.
,To study human minds and behavior, psychologists often look at specific groups of
people. Groups can vary in their demographics and organization. Some groups are
official, such as the Girl Scouts or the Knights of Columbus. Other groups are
studied based on their demographics, such as groups that include only one type of
culture, a specific age range, or only one sex.
Structuralism - ANSWERWundt
Uses introspection to discover the elements of the mind and rules for combining
them
Functionalism - ANSWERJames
Studies WHY thoughts, feelings, and behavior occur and how they are adaptive.
Gestalt Psychology - ANSWERWertheimer
Focus on overall patterns of thoughts or experience; "the whole is more than the sum
of its parts."
Psychodynamic Theory - ANSWERFreud
Conflicts among conscious and unconscious forces underlie many thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors.
Behaviorism - ANSWERWatson and Skinner
Behavior is the appropriate focus of psychology and it can be understood by
studying stimuli, responses, and the consequences of responses.
Humanistic Psychology - ANSWERMaslow and Rogers
Belief that people have positive values, free will, and deep inner creativity; inspired
the positive psychology movement.
Cognitive Psychology - ANSWERNeisser
Mental events correspond to information that is stored and processed, analogous to
information processing in a computer.
Cognitive Neuroscience - ANSWERStructure of the mind can be understood by
learning how mental events arise from brain function.
Feminist and multicultural psychology - ANSWERAPA and CPA convention walk out
Working with the whole person through inclusivity that honors gender, orientation,
race, class, religion, etc.
Evolutionary psychology - ANSWERBarkow, Cosmides, and Tooby
, Key mental strategies and goals are inborn through adaptation of the species, the
result of natural selection.
Define clinical psychologist - ANSWERAdministers and interprets psychological
tests; provides psychotherapy; helps people function more effectively.
Define cognitive psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches the nature of
thinking, memory, and related aspects of mental contents and processes.
Define social psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches how people think and
feel about themselves and other people and how groups function
Define personality psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches individual
differences in preferences and inclinations.
Define physiological psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches the nature of
the brain and brain-body interactions.
Define human factors psychologist - ANSWERApplies psychology to improve
products
Define industrial/organizational psychologist - ANSWERApplies psychology in the
workplace
Define sport psychologist - ANSWERApplies psychology to improve athletic
performance
Define educational or school pyschologist - ANSWERApplies psychology to improve
cognitive, emotional, and social development of schoolchildren.
Describe Descriptive Research Methods - ANSWERConsists of naturalistic obs,
case studies, and surveys.
Naturalistic obs is where behavior is observed in its natural setting.
Case studies focus on a single participant/sample in detail.
Surveys involve asking a group of people a set of questions about a given activity
and gathering information about their reaction to and perceptions of it.
Correlation Research Methods - ANSWERResearcher measures the statistical
relationship between two variables.
Positive correlation- both variable go up or down together.
Negative correlation- one variable goes up, one goes down.
Experimental Research Methods
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT!!
Define mind - ANSWERnonphysical manifestation of the brain's activity. What the
brain DOES.
Define behavior - ANSWERThe outwardly observable acts of a person, either alone
or in a group
Define science - ANSWERStriving to solidify facts by using objective evidence
Define clinical neuropsychologist - ANSWERAdministers tests to diagnose the
effects of brain damage on thoughts, feelings, and behavior, and to diagnose what
parts of the brain are damaged.
Define counseling psychologist - ANSWERHelps people manage issues that arise
during everyday life (career, marriage, family, work).
Define developmental psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches the
development of mental contents and processes as well as behavior with age and
experience
What are the three levels of analysis? - ANSWERbrain, person, group
Level of the brain - ANSWERfocus on both the activity of the brain and the structure
and properties of the organ itself: brain cells and their connections, the chemical
liquid in which they exist, and the genes that give rise to them.
Level of the person - ANSWERfocus on mental events, the contents and functions of
the mind
divide mental events into two types, mental contents and mental processes
Define mental contents - ANSWERconsist of knowledge; beliefs (including ideas,
explanations, and expectations); desires (such as hopes, goals, and needs); and
feelings (such as fear, sadness, joy, and guilt).
Define mental processes - ANSWERconsist of sets of operations that work together
to complete a function, such as attention, perception, or memory. These operations
are like the chopping, measuring, and mixing that goes into cooking, and the
different mental contents are analogous to different ingredients in cooking.
Level of the group - ANSWERfocus on the ways collections of people (as few as two
or as many as a society) shape the mind and behavior.
,To study human minds and behavior, psychologists often look at specific groups of
people. Groups can vary in their demographics and organization. Some groups are
official, such as the Girl Scouts or the Knights of Columbus. Other groups are
studied based on their demographics, such as groups that include only one type of
culture, a specific age range, or only one sex.
Structuralism - ANSWERWundt
Uses introspection to discover the elements of the mind and rules for combining
them
Functionalism - ANSWERJames
Studies WHY thoughts, feelings, and behavior occur and how they are adaptive.
Gestalt Psychology - ANSWERWertheimer
Focus on overall patterns of thoughts or experience; "the whole is more than the sum
of its parts."
Psychodynamic Theory - ANSWERFreud
Conflicts among conscious and unconscious forces underlie many thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors.
Behaviorism - ANSWERWatson and Skinner
Behavior is the appropriate focus of psychology and it can be understood by
studying stimuli, responses, and the consequences of responses.
Humanistic Psychology - ANSWERMaslow and Rogers
Belief that people have positive values, free will, and deep inner creativity; inspired
the positive psychology movement.
Cognitive Psychology - ANSWERNeisser
Mental events correspond to information that is stored and processed, analogous to
information processing in a computer.
Cognitive Neuroscience - ANSWERStructure of the mind can be understood by
learning how mental events arise from brain function.
Feminist and multicultural psychology - ANSWERAPA and CPA convention walk out
Working with the whole person through inclusivity that honors gender, orientation,
race, class, religion, etc.
Evolutionary psychology - ANSWERBarkow, Cosmides, and Tooby
, Key mental strategies and goals are inborn through adaptation of the species, the
result of natural selection.
Define clinical psychologist - ANSWERAdministers and interprets psychological
tests; provides psychotherapy; helps people function more effectively.
Define cognitive psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches the nature of
thinking, memory, and related aspects of mental contents and processes.
Define social psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches how people think and
feel about themselves and other people and how groups function
Define personality psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches individual
differences in preferences and inclinations.
Define physiological psychologist - ANSWERResearches and teaches the nature of
the brain and brain-body interactions.
Define human factors psychologist - ANSWERApplies psychology to improve
products
Define industrial/organizational psychologist - ANSWERApplies psychology in the
workplace
Define sport psychologist - ANSWERApplies psychology to improve athletic
performance
Define educational or school pyschologist - ANSWERApplies psychology to improve
cognitive, emotional, and social development of schoolchildren.
Describe Descriptive Research Methods - ANSWERConsists of naturalistic obs,
case studies, and surveys.
Naturalistic obs is where behavior is observed in its natural setting.
Case studies focus on a single participant/sample in detail.
Surveys involve asking a group of people a set of questions about a given activity
and gathering information about their reaction to and perceptions of it.
Correlation Research Methods - ANSWERResearcher measures the statistical
relationship between two variables.
Positive correlation- both variable go up or down together.
Negative correlation- one variable goes up, one goes down.
Experimental Research Methods
