NREMT QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
An unresponsive man is brought to the emergency department by his wife.
Initial arterial blood gas analysis reveals a pH of 7.1, a PaO2 of 81 mm Hg, and
a PaCO2 of 60 mm Hg. These findings are MOST consistent with:
Accurate Answer - respiratory acidosis.
A 21-year-old man is unresponsive and has shallow, gurgling respirations.
After manually opening his airway, the paramedic should: Accurate
Answer - suction the oropharynx.
A 60-year-old woman presents with difficulty breathing. She is conscious and
alert, but anxious, and tells you that she was suddenly awakened with the
feeling that she was suffocating. She has dried blood on her lips and cyanosis
around her mouth. Her heart rate is 120 beats/min and her oxygen saturation
is 89%. Your initial action should be to: Accurate Answer - apply
supplemental oxygen.
An unresponsive trauma patient has sonorous respirations and blood draining
from the corner of his mouth. What should be your FIRST action?
Accurate Answer - Perform a jaw-thrust maneuver
A 40-year-old man attempted suicide by shooting himself in the face with a
shotgun. The scene is secure and law enforcement has the weapon. When
paramedics arrive, they find him sitting up in a chair. There is massive soft
tissue damage to his face; his mandible is gone and his upper airway
structures are exposed. He is conscious and alert, his oxygen saturation is
96% on room air, and his respiratory rate is 22 breaths/min. The paramedics
should: Accurate Answer - keep him sitting up, suction his airway, and
transpor
While attempting to ventilate an apneic patient with a stoma, you note
minimal rise of the chest and can hear air escaping through the upper airway.
You should: Accurate Answer - pinch the nostrils closed, ensure the
mouth is closed, and reattempt to ventilate.
Which of the following is MOST consistent with a patient who is
hypoventilating? Accurate Answer - PCO2 of 52 mm Hg
,You have intubated a 33-year-old woman in cardiac arrest secondary to
trauma. While auscultating her lungs, you note that breath sounds are absent
over the right hemithorax. This clinical finding is MOST suggestive of:
Accurate Answer - blood or air in the right hemithorax.
After inserting a King LT supraglottic airway device into a patient and
inflating the cuff with 40 mL of air, the paramedic meets resistance when
ventilating and cannot see the patient's chest rise. The paramedic should:
Accurate Answer - slowly pull back on the King airway while observing for
chest rise
A 56-year-old woman presents with acute respiratory distress. She is
confused, has cyanosis around her mouth, and can only speak in two-word
sentences. You should: Accurate Answer - ventilate with a bag-valve-
mask device.
In an otherwise healthy individual, breathing is primarily stimulated by:
Accurate Answer - an increase in arterial CO2.
Which of the following findings is the MOST clinically significant when
assessing a patient with a severe headache Accurate Answer - an
unsteady gait
a 61 year old male presents with cheat pressure that woke him up from his
nap 30 min ago. he is diaphoretic, anxious and rates his pain as an 8/10. his
past medical history is significant for hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and
coronary stent placement 2 month ago. he takes lisinopril, plavix, and
glucophage, and is wearing a medical alert bracelet stating "allergic to
salicylates". his blood pressure is 160/100mm, pulse is 110 beats/min and
respiration are 22 breaths. the 12 lead ecg shows sinus tachycardia with 2-
mm ST segment elevation in leads V1-V4. Which of the following treatment
modalities is MOST appropriate for this patient Accurate Answer -
supplemetal oxygen, vascular access, up to three 0.4mg doses of nitroglycerin,
and 2-4mg of morphine sulfate if his systolic BP is grater than 90mm and he is
still experiencing pain
,Which of the following patients is MOST in need of rapid extrication following
a motor vehicle crash Accurate Answer - 28 year old man with a
unilateral femur fracture and confusion
You are on scene with a 67-year-old female in severe respiratory distress.
Which of the following will give you the most accurate assessment of your
patient's ventilatory status? Accurate Answer - Capnography
Your 38-year-old male patient is exhibiting an abnormal breathing pattern
after head trauma. The pattern is rapid, deep and gasping respirations with
short pauses between sets. What is this breathing pattern called?
Accurate Answer - Biot's
What is an acceptable SpO2 range when providing supplemental oxygen to a
pediatric patient? Accurate Answer - 94%-99%
You are on scene of an ATV crash where the patient was thrown 15 feet and
hit a tree. Your patient's GCS is 7 (E: 2,V: 2, M:3). You suspect that this patient
will most likely require which of the following? Accurate Answer -
Advanced airway
In a patient suffering from COPD, their respiratory drive is dependent on?
Accurate Answer - Oxygen
An increased pH, decreased PCO2 level, and low HCO3- levels indicate which
of the following acid-base derangements? Accurate Answer -
Respiratory alkalosis
You have been performing CPR on a patient for 25 minutes. You are unsure
how long the patient was in arrest, prior to your arrival. The patient most
likely has had a retention of carbon dioxide because he was apneic for some
time. You know this will lead to: Accurate Answer - A decrease in pH
and Respiratory Acidosis
Your patient is having an asthma attack. When listening to lung sounds, you
hear wheezing in all fields. You decide to use a beta-2 sympathomimetic to
reverse bronchospasms. Which of the following are beta-2
sympathomimetics? Accurate Answer - Albuterol and Terbutaline
, during your assessment of a 1-year-old female patient, you notice that her
heart rate increases when she breathes in and decreases when she breathes
out. What is this condition called? Accurate Answer - Sinus arrhythmia
What would be the expected normal PaCO2 for a healthy adult who is
breathing normally? Accurate Answer - 35-45 torr
For a patient in cardiac arrest, how many joules should you deliver with a
biphasic monitor? Accurate Answer - 120-200J
You have been called to the scene of a 70-year-old male patient who collapsed
while working in his garage. He responds only to pain. You assess his vital
signs and find a blood pressure of 70/30, a pulse of 38, and respirations of 28
that are shallow. His skin is pale, cool and clammy. You place him on a cardiac
monitor and find the follow which you interpret as: Accurate Answer -
Third degree heart block
What is the correct dose of atropine for a pediatric patient with symptomatic
bradycardia? Accurate Answer - 0.02 mg/kg
You respond to a local nursing home for a male complaining of generalized
weakness. The patient's wife tells you the patient has been unable to move out
of bed for the past two days. Vitals: BP 110/70, HR 48, RR 16, and SpO2 97%
on room air. You place the patient on you cardiac monitor which shows sinus
bradycarida, consistent with the patient's pulse. What is the most appropriate
treatment for this patient? Accurate Answer - Monitor and observe the
patient for changes
You are assessing a patient with chest pain. After obtaining a 12-lead you
notice there is ST-segment elevation in leads V3, V4, V5 and V6. What type of
myocardial infarction is this patient most likely experiencing? Accurate
Answer - Anterolateral MI
You are assessing a 72-year-old female patient who complains of abdominal
discomfort. The patient states she feels like she has indigestion, with no relief
after taking antacids. Her blood pressure is 148/92, pulse 95, respirations 18,
and room air saturations are 96%. She denies increased pain with movement,
palpation or respiration. 12 lead reveals ST elevation in leads II, III and aVF.
An unresponsive man is brought to the emergency department by his wife.
Initial arterial blood gas analysis reveals a pH of 7.1, a PaO2 of 81 mm Hg, and
a PaCO2 of 60 mm Hg. These findings are MOST consistent with:
Accurate Answer - respiratory acidosis.
A 21-year-old man is unresponsive and has shallow, gurgling respirations.
After manually opening his airway, the paramedic should: Accurate
Answer - suction the oropharynx.
A 60-year-old woman presents with difficulty breathing. She is conscious and
alert, but anxious, and tells you that she was suddenly awakened with the
feeling that she was suffocating. She has dried blood on her lips and cyanosis
around her mouth. Her heart rate is 120 beats/min and her oxygen saturation
is 89%. Your initial action should be to: Accurate Answer - apply
supplemental oxygen.
An unresponsive trauma patient has sonorous respirations and blood draining
from the corner of his mouth. What should be your FIRST action?
Accurate Answer - Perform a jaw-thrust maneuver
A 40-year-old man attempted suicide by shooting himself in the face with a
shotgun. The scene is secure and law enforcement has the weapon. When
paramedics arrive, they find him sitting up in a chair. There is massive soft
tissue damage to his face; his mandible is gone and his upper airway
structures are exposed. He is conscious and alert, his oxygen saturation is
96% on room air, and his respiratory rate is 22 breaths/min. The paramedics
should: Accurate Answer - keep him sitting up, suction his airway, and
transpor
While attempting to ventilate an apneic patient with a stoma, you note
minimal rise of the chest and can hear air escaping through the upper airway.
You should: Accurate Answer - pinch the nostrils closed, ensure the
mouth is closed, and reattempt to ventilate.
Which of the following is MOST consistent with a patient who is
hypoventilating? Accurate Answer - PCO2 of 52 mm Hg
,You have intubated a 33-year-old woman in cardiac arrest secondary to
trauma. While auscultating her lungs, you note that breath sounds are absent
over the right hemithorax. This clinical finding is MOST suggestive of:
Accurate Answer - blood or air in the right hemithorax.
After inserting a King LT supraglottic airway device into a patient and
inflating the cuff with 40 mL of air, the paramedic meets resistance when
ventilating and cannot see the patient's chest rise. The paramedic should:
Accurate Answer - slowly pull back on the King airway while observing for
chest rise
A 56-year-old woman presents with acute respiratory distress. She is
confused, has cyanosis around her mouth, and can only speak in two-word
sentences. You should: Accurate Answer - ventilate with a bag-valve-
mask device.
In an otherwise healthy individual, breathing is primarily stimulated by:
Accurate Answer - an increase in arterial CO2.
Which of the following findings is the MOST clinically significant when
assessing a patient with a severe headache Accurate Answer - an
unsteady gait
a 61 year old male presents with cheat pressure that woke him up from his
nap 30 min ago. he is diaphoretic, anxious and rates his pain as an 8/10. his
past medical history is significant for hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and
coronary stent placement 2 month ago. he takes lisinopril, plavix, and
glucophage, and is wearing a medical alert bracelet stating "allergic to
salicylates". his blood pressure is 160/100mm, pulse is 110 beats/min and
respiration are 22 breaths. the 12 lead ecg shows sinus tachycardia with 2-
mm ST segment elevation in leads V1-V4. Which of the following treatment
modalities is MOST appropriate for this patient Accurate Answer -
supplemetal oxygen, vascular access, up to three 0.4mg doses of nitroglycerin,
and 2-4mg of morphine sulfate if his systolic BP is grater than 90mm and he is
still experiencing pain
,Which of the following patients is MOST in need of rapid extrication following
a motor vehicle crash Accurate Answer - 28 year old man with a
unilateral femur fracture and confusion
You are on scene with a 67-year-old female in severe respiratory distress.
Which of the following will give you the most accurate assessment of your
patient's ventilatory status? Accurate Answer - Capnography
Your 38-year-old male patient is exhibiting an abnormal breathing pattern
after head trauma. The pattern is rapid, deep and gasping respirations with
short pauses between sets. What is this breathing pattern called?
Accurate Answer - Biot's
What is an acceptable SpO2 range when providing supplemental oxygen to a
pediatric patient? Accurate Answer - 94%-99%
You are on scene of an ATV crash where the patient was thrown 15 feet and
hit a tree. Your patient's GCS is 7 (E: 2,V: 2, M:3). You suspect that this patient
will most likely require which of the following? Accurate Answer -
Advanced airway
In a patient suffering from COPD, their respiratory drive is dependent on?
Accurate Answer - Oxygen
An increased pH, decreased PCO2 level, and low HCO3- levels indicate which
of the following acid-base derangements? Accurate Answer -
Respiratory alkalosis
You have been performing CPR on a patient for 25 minutes. You are unsure
how long the patient was in arrest, prior to your arrival. The patient most
likely has had a retention of carbon dioxide because he was apneic for some
time. You know this will lead to: Accurate Answer - A decrease in pH
and Respiratory Acidosis
Your patient is having an asthma attack. When listening to lung sounds, you
hear wheezing in all fields. You decide to use a beta-2 sympathomimetic to
reverse bronchospasms. Which of the following are beta-2
sympathomimetics? Accurate Answer - Albuterol and Terbutaline
, during your assessment of a 1-year-old female patient, you notice that her
heart rate increases when she breathes in and decreases when she breathes
out. What is this condition called? Accurate Answer - Sinus arrhythmia
What would be the expected normal PaCO2 for a healthy adult who is
breathing normally? Accurate Answer - 35-45 torr
For a patient in cardiac arrest, how many joules should you deliver with a
biphasic monitor? Accurate Answer - 120-200J
You have been called to the scene of a 70-year-old male patient who collapsed
while working in his garage. He responds only to pain. You assess his vital
signs and find a blood pressure of 70/30, a pulse of 38, and respirations of 28
that are shallow. His skin is pale, cool and clammy. You place him on a cardiac
monitor and find the follow which you interpret as: Accurate Answer -
Third degree heart block
What is the correct dose of atropine for a pediatric patient with symptomatic
bradycardia? Accurate Answer - 0.02 mg/kg
You respond to a local nursing home for a male complaining of generalized
weakness. The patient's wife tells you the patient has been unable to move out
of bed for the past two days. Vitals: BP 110/70, HR 48, RR 16, and SpO2 97%
on room air. You place the patient on you cardiac monitor which shows sinus
bradycarida, consistent with the patient's pulse. What is the most appropriate
treatment for this patient? Accurate Answer - Monitor and observe the
patient for changes
You are assessing a patient with chest pain. After obtaining a 12-lead you
notice there is ST-segment elevation in leads V3, V4, V5 and V6. What type of
myocardial infarction is this patient most likely experiencing? Accurate
Answer - Anterolateral MI
You are assessing a 72-year-old female patient who complains of abdominal
discomfort. The patient states she feels like she has indigestion, with no relief
after taking antacids. Her blood pressure is 148/92, pulse 95, respirations 18,
and room air saturations are 96%. She denies increased pain with movement,
palpation or respiration. 12 lead reveals ST elevation in leads II, III and aVF.
