GCSE Edexcel Criminal Psychology Exam with Verified Answers

GCSE Edexcel Criminal Psychology Exam with Verified
Answers


Howzdoeszpositivezreinforcementzexplainzcriminalzbehaviour?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Beingzpraisedzforzfightingzorzanti-socialzbehaviourzcanzcausezusztozhavezmorezcriminalzbehaviour



Howzdoesznegativezreinforcementzexplainzcriminalzbehaviour?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Wezarezlikelyztozbezaggressivezandzcommitzcrimeszifzrepeatingzthatzbehaviourzgetszridzofzsomethingzunple
asant.



Howzdoeszpositivezpunishmentzpreventzcriminalzbehaviour?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Whenzcriminalszarezgivingzaznegativezconsequencezforztheirzactions,ztheyzarezmorezlikelyztozstopzdoingzit.



Howzdoesznegativezpunishmentzpreventzcriminalzbehaviour?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Removingzsomethingzpleasantzfromzazcriminalzdueztoztheirzbehaviourzcanzpreventzthemzfromzactingzthatz
wayzagain.



Whozdevelopedzthezoperantzconditioningztheoryzonzcriminalzbehaviour?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Skinnerz(1948)



Whatziszazprimaryzreinforcer?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-Theyzsatisfyzazbiologicalzneedzsuchzaszfoodzandzwater.



Whatziszazsecondaryzreinforcer?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Theyzareznotzofzbiologicalzneedzbutzwezlearnztozassociatezitzwithzazprimaryzreinforcer.zE.g.zcreditzcards,zgra
des,ztokens.



StrengthsztozOperantzconditioningztheoryz-zCORRECTzANSWER--
Canzhelpzexplainzazlotzofzdiffrentzcrimeszlikeztheftzandzmurder.zAlsozhowzsocialzapprovalzcanzbezazstrongzre
inforcer.

-Practicalzapplications:zHelpszwithzhowzcriminalzjusticezoperates.

-zEmpiricalzEvidence:zAzlotzofzresearchz(Skinner'szrats")ztozsupportzthisztheory

, WeaknessesztozOperantzconditioningz-zCORRECTzANSWER--
Reductionist:zNeglectszbiologicalzandzpersonalityzfactors

-Doesznotzexplainzbehaviourzthatziszreproducedzinzthezabsencezofzreinforcementzorzpunishment.



Whozdevelopedzthezsocialzlearningztheoryzforzcrimnalzbehaviour?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-Bandurazinz1977



Howzdoeszsocialzlearningztheoryzexplainzwhyzpeoplezbecomezcriminals?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Behaviourziszthezconsequencezofzobservingzandzmodelingzotherszaroundzus.zWezarezmotivatedztozcopyzth
osezwithzsimilarzcharacteristicszergozrolezmodels.



Thezmodellingzprocess:zAttentionz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Mustzpayzattentionztozthezbehaviour



Thezmodellingzprocess:zRetentionz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Mustzbezableztozstorezorzretainzthezinfozandzbehaviourzthatziszobserved.



Thezmodellingzprocess:zReproductionz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Tozmodelztheznewzbehaviour,zyouzneedztozbezableztozreproducezit.



Thezmodellingzprocess:

Motivationz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Beingzmorezlikelyztozreproducezbehaviourzifzyouzwantztozdozitzorzseezsomeonezelsezbeingzrewardedzforzitz(
vicarious).



VicariouszReinforcementz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Whenzthezrolezmodelziszseenzbeingzrewardedzforzthiszbehaviour,zwezwillzchooseztozcopyzitzinzhopezofzgetti
ngzthezsamezreward.



Thezmodellingzprocess:

Identificationz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Adoptingzthezbeliefszofzthezrolezmodelztemporarily.