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Constructivism - ✔✔Students learn through direct experiences with their
environment, students construct their understanding and develop their
thinking.
Behaviorism - ✔✔Learning consists of the acquisition of new behaviors that
are either reinforced to increase frequency or not reinforced to extinguish
the behavior.
Bottom-Up Approach - ✔✔Students first learn the names and shapes of
letters, followed by consonant sounds, next simple vowels and then more
complex vowel correspondences.
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, Reader-Response Theory - ✔✔Reading is a transaction between the text
and the reader, the reader affects the text and is affected by it.
Top-Down Approach - ✔✔A holistic approach to learning to read. Sub-skills
are not taught. Instead students learn to use their background knowledge
to predict/infer the content of print.
During a reading activity, Mr Maui has his 6th graders focus on
experiencing the piece; paying attention to the feelings, attitudes, and ideas
evoked by the words. What is he implementing? - ✔✔Aesthetic stance
What kind of approach to reading uses sets of children's books as a basis
for providing literacy instruction? - ✔✔the literature-based approach
disadvantages of basal readers - ✔✔-will not interest all students
-only offer small pieces of a novel
-structure can restrain the class to move through the material
Mrs. Neval has grouped her students and provided each group with reading
selections matched to their level of development. When working with each
individual group, she provides whatever guidance that particular group
needs to successfully read a selection. What is Mrs Neval implementing? -
✔✔guided reading
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