EMT FISDAP Paramedic Entrance Exam NEWEST
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED
A+
Who is COPD commonly found in? - CORRECT ANSWER COPD is
most commonly a problem of middle-aged or older patients. This is
because these disorders ordinarily take time to develop as tissues in
the respiratory tract react to irritants.
What causes COPD - CORRECT ANSWER Cigarette smoking
causes the overwhelming majority of cases of COPD. Occasionally,
other irritants such as chemicals, air pollutants, or repeated infections
cause this condition.
What happens to the body with chronic bronchitis? - CORRECT
ANSWER In chronic bronchitis, the bronchiole lining is inflamed and
excess mucus is formed. The cells in the bronchioles that normally
clear away accumulations of mucus are not able to do so. The
sweeping apparatus on these cells, the cilia, has been damaged or
destroyed.
What happens to the lungs with emphysema? - CORRECT ANSWER
In emphysema, the walls of the alveoli break down, greatly reducing
the surface area for respiratory exchange. The lungs begin to lose
elasticity. These factors combine to allow stale air laden with carbon
dioxide to be trapped in the lungs, reducing the effectiveness of
normal breathing efforts.
Why does a COPD patient call 911 typically? - CORRECT ANSWER
Usually the reason a COPD patient calls the ambulance is that a
recent upper respiratory infection has caused an acute worsening of
chronic disease.
,What can cause an asthma attack? - CORRECT ANSWER Attacks
can be precipitated by insect stings, air pollutants, infection,
strenuous exercise, or emotional stress.
What happens to the body during an asthma attack? - CORRECT
ANSWER When an asthma attack occurs, the small bronchioles that
lead to the air sacs of the lungs become narrowed because of
contractions of the muscles that make up the airway. To complicate
matters, there is an overproduction of thick mucus.
Albuterol: - CORRECT ANSWER a medication that dilates the
bronchial passageways by engaging beta receptors associated with
the sympathetic nervous system. It is relatively fast-acting and is
generally the first line of therapy in a bronchoconstricted patient.
Ipratopium Bromide: - CORRECT ANSWER a bronchodilator that
accomplishes its goal by blocking bronchoconstriction associated
with the parasympathetic nervous system. It is an anticholinergic
medication. Ipratropium has a slower onset compared with albuterol,
and also lasts longer.
DuoNeb™: - CORRECT ANSWER a formulation that combines both
albuterol and ipratropium bromide. It therefore provides
bronchodilation through beta stimulation and by blocking
parasympathetic bronchoconstriction. This mix of medication is often
used as a first-line agent to treat bronchoconstriction.
Neb/Inhaler side effects - CORRECT ANSWER Patients may
experience an increased pulse rate, tremors, nervousness, or a
"jittery" feeling.
Inhaler medications: - CORRECT ANSWER Examples of these
medications include albuterol (Ventolin® HFA, Proventil®, Volmax®)
and levalbuterol (Xopenex®).
, What are wheezes - CORRECT ANSWER Wheezes are high-pitched
sounds that will seem almost musical in nature. The sound is created
by air moving through narrowed air passages in the lungs. It can be
heard in a variety of diseases but is common in asthma and sometimes
in chronic obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic
bronchitis. Wheezing is most commonly heard during expiration.
What type of lung sounds do you expect to hear with an emphysema
patient? - CORRECT ANSWER Wheezes are high-pitched sounds
that will seem almost musical in nature. The sound is created by air
moving through narrowed air passages in the lungs. It can be heard in
a variety of diseases but is common in asthma and sometimes in
chronic obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic
bronchitis. Wheezing is most commonly heard during expiration.
What are crackles? - CORRECT ANSWER Crackles are (as the
name indicates) a fine crackling or bubbling sound heard on inspiration
in the lower airway. The sound is caused by fluid in the alveoli or by
the opening of closed alveoli. Some people refer to crackles as rales.
What are rhonchi? - CORRECT ANSWER Rhonchi are lower-
pitched sounds that resemble snoring or rattling. They are caused by
secretions in larger airways, as might be seen with pneumonia or
bronchitis, or when materials are aspirated (breathed) into the lungs.
The difference between crackles and rhonchi is not always obvious
and is somewhat subjective. However, rhonchi generally are louder
than crackles.
What is stridor? - CORRECT ANSWER Stridor is a high-pitched
sound that is heard on inspiration. It is an upper airway sound
indicating partial obstruction of the trachea or larynx. Stridor is
usually audible without a stethoscope.
emphysema SIGNS AND symptums - CORRECT ANSWER Frequent
coughing or wheezing
A cough that produces a lot mucus
Shortness of breath, especially with physical activity
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED
A+
Who is COPD commonly found in? - CORRECT ANSWER COPD is
most commonly a problem of middle-aged or older patients. This is
because these disorders ordinarily take time to develop as tissues in
the respiratory tract react to irritants.
What causes COPD - CORRECT ANSWER Cigarette smoking
causes the overwhelming majority of cases of COPD. Occasionally,
other irritants such as chemicals, air pollutants, or repeated infections
cause this condition.
What happens to the body with chronic bronchitis? - CORRECT
ANSWER In chronic bronchitis, the bronchiole lining is inflamed and
excess mucus is formed. The cells in the bronchioles that normally
clear away accumulations of mucus are not able to do so. The
sweeping apparatus on these cells, the cilia, has been damaged or
destroyed.
What happens to the lungs with emphysema? - CORRECT ANSWER
In emphysema, the walls of the alveoli break down, greatly reducing
the surface area for respiratory exchange. The lungs begin to lose
elasticity. These factors combine to allow stale air laden with carbon
dioxide to be trapped in the lungs, reducing the effectiveness of
normal breathing efforts.
Why does a COPD patient call 911 typically? - CORRECT ANSWER
Usually the reason a COPD patient calls the ambulance is that a
recent upper respiratory infection has caused an acute worsening of
chronic disease.
,What can cause an asthma attack? - CORRECT ANSWER Attacks
can be precipitated by insect stings, air pollutants, infection,
strenuous exercise, or emotional stress.
What happens to the body during an asthma attack? - CORRECT
ANSWER When an asthma attack occurs, the small bronchioles that
lead to the air sacs of the lungs become narrowed because of
contractions of the muscles that make up the airway. To complicate
matters, there is an overproduction of thick mucus.
Albuterol: - CORRECT ANSWER a medication that dilates the
bronchial passageways by engaging beta receptors associated with
the sympathetic nervous system. It is relatively fast-acting and is
generally the first line of therapy in a bronchoconstricted patient.
Ipratopium Bromide: - CORRECT ANSWER a bronchodilator that
accomplishes its goal by blocking bronchoconstriction associated
with the parasympathetic nervous system. It is an anticholinergic
medication. Ipratropium has a slower onset compared with albuterol,
and also lasts longer.
DuoNeb™: - CORRECT ANSWER a formulation that combines both
albuterol and ipratropium bromide. It therefore provides
bronchodilation through beta stimulation and by blocking
parasympathetic bronchoconstriction. This mix of medication is often
used as a first-line agent to treat bronchoconstriction.
Neb/Inhaler side effects - CORRECT ANSWER Patients may
experience an increased pulse rate, tremors, nervousness, or a
"jittery" feeling.
Inhaler medications: - CORRECT ANSWER Examples of these
medications include albuterol (Ventolin® HFA, Proventil®, Volmax®)
and levalbuterol (Xopenex®).
, What are wheezes - CORRECT ANSWER Wheezes are high-pitched
sounds that will seem almost musical in nature. The sound is created
by air moving through narrowed air passages in the lungs. It can be
heard in a variety of diseases but is common in asthma and sometimes
in chronic obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic
bronchitis. Wheezing is most commonly heard during expiration.
What type of lung sounds do you expect to hear with an emphysema
patient? - CORRECT ANSWER Wheezes are high-pitched sounds
that will seem almost musical in nature. The sound is created by air
moving through narrowed air passages in the lungs. It can be heard in
a variety of diseases but is common in asthma and sometimes in
chronic obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic
bronchitis. Wheezing is most commonly heard during expiration.
What are crackles? - CORRECT ANSWER Crackles are (as the
name indicates) a fine crackling or bubbling sound heard on inspiration
in the lower airway. The sound is caused by fluid in the alveoli or by
the opening of closed alveoli. Some people refer to crackles as rales.
What are rhonchi? - CORRECT ANSWER Rhonchi are lower-
pitched sounds that resemble snoring or rattling. They are caused by
secretions in larger airways, as might be seen with pneumonia or
bronchitis, or when materials are aspirated (breathed) into the lungs.
The difference between crackles and rhonchi is not always obvious
and is somewhat subjective. However, rhonchi generally are louder
than crackles.
What is stridor? - CORRECT ANSWER Stridor is a high-pitched
sound that is heard on inspiration. It is an upper airway sound
indicating partial obstruction of the trachea or larynx. Stridor is
usually audible without a stethoscope.
emphysema SIGNS AND symptums - CORRECT ANSWER Frequent
coughing or wheezing
A cough that produces a lot mucus
Shortness of breath, especially with physical activity
