5.0 Aquatic and Mosquito Course
List the roles plants play in a healthy aquatic ecosystem - ✔✔ correct answer producing oxygen,
preventing erosion, lessening excess nutrients, stabilizing the lake bottom, and providing habitat and
food
List ways that excessive plant growth can adversely affect the ecology and uses of a water body - ✔✔
correct answer Harm the ecology of an aquatic ecosystem, prevent recreational uses, impart tastes or
odors to drinking water supplies, hamper water treatment, adversely affect aesthetics/ property value,
and produce toxins
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems caused by emergent
aquatic plants - ✔✔ correct answer growth extending above the water line, spread by an underground
root system and by seed,. They can exclude recreational pursuits and choke out water ways in high
numbers
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems caused by
submergent aquatic plants - ✔✔ correct answer growth occurring below the water line, spread by
vegetative root system, seed and fracturing, Typically these plants do not cause problems, besides
invasive species
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems caused by free
floating and rooted floating aquatic plants - ✔✔ correct answer occur on the water surface. free floating
with short roots not attached to the bottom, or rooted plants with large floating leaves.
Free-floating plants are typically problematic along shorelines because they are windblown. Very difficult
to control in large bodies of water and b/c they reproduce quickly through cloning
Rooted plants reproduce by seed and through roots and rhizomes. These plants provide valuable cover
for fish and are only rarely a nuisance
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems caused by free
floating, rooted, and filamentous algae - ✔✔ correct answer without stems, leaves, or a water- and
food-conducting vascular system. found floating or attached to submerged surfaces. As the summer
progresses and the weather becomes warmer, these plants multiply rapidly. Free-floating algae are
responsible for many of the summer "algae blooms.
,5.0 Aquatic and Mosquito Course
List the advantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae - ✔✔ correct answer longer lasting
control than some mechanical methods., May involve less physical labor, Some herbicides or algicides at
specific rates may be selective, Can be effective tools in the tool box for the control of invasive and
nuisance plants and algae
List the disadvantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae - ✔✔ correct answer Can lead to
restrictions on water use, Large treatments can lead to too much die-offs leading to oxygen depletion
and fish kills., Sudden release of nutrients into the water can lead to increases in other problems,
Inherent risk to people and nontarget organisms
Describe the beneficial roles of Wisconsin's fish populations - ✔✔ correct answer help maintain
balanced communities by feeding on aquatic plants, insects, and other fish, and by providing a food
source for natural predators
List five types of situations in which fish control may be warranted - ✔✔ correct answer Eliminating
undesirable or competing fish from fish rearing ponds, Removing exotic (nonnative) or other undesirable
species from a body of water, Thinning stunted fish, Eliminating fish from a hatchery water supply to
prevent a potential reservoir of disease-causing organisms, Treating fish spawning sites to prevent
overpopulation of an individual species
Explain why post-treatment management of fish can be important in the long-term success of a pesticide
treatment project - ✔✔ correct answer removal or reduction of fish populations is the first step in a total
management program, Determine whether eliminating or reducing all or only a few species would
accomplish the long-range goal. objective will help determine which pesticide you use, its concentration,
and how and when you apply it..
what do you need to do before you can conduct any chemical treatment for fish control - ✔✔ correct
answer get approval from the WDNR
List the two main reasons why mosquito control may be warranted - ✔✔ correct answer nuisance
control and vector control
Describe the four stages of the mosquito life cycle, including the main structural features of each - ✔✔
correct answer 1. Egg- 1/25 inch long, light color. most hatch within 3 days
2. Larvae- 4 developmental stages, segmented, breathing hole
,5.0 Aquatic and Mosquito Course
3. Pupae- transitional non feeding stage, lasts a few days, suspended at surface
4. Adults- females feed on blood, adults on nectar. males have bushier, longer antennae
List the types of information you need about a mosquito species before you can develop an effective
program to control it - ✔✔ correct answer information on breeding sites, # of generation/ year, host
preference, seasonal population levels, flight range, resting areas, if they can transmit pathogens,
whether the mosquitos carry pathogens
Describe the habits and life history of Aedes vexans - ✔✔ correct answer "inland floodwater mosquito,",
roadside puddles; woodland pools; shallow, open, temporary pools; and river bottoms. Adults commonly
migrate 15 to 20 miles or more from breeding sites and can live for 3 to 4 weeks. Eggs can remain
dormant for up to 5 years.
Describe the habits and life history of Culex Species - ✔✔ correct answer breed in temporary or
permanent pools of water that are high in organic material, readily breeds in artificial containers (Figure
5) and other structures commonly associated with humans, such as ditches and sewage lagoons.
transmits st. louis encephalitis and west nile virus
Describe the habits and life history of Aedes triseriatus - ✔✔ correct answer "tree-hole mosquito" that
breeds in old tires, tin cans, barrels, and tree holes and stumps. main vector of La Crosse encephalitis.
List the three main mosquito-transmitted diseases that occur in Wisconsin and know the mosquito
vector for each - ✔✔ correct answer La Crosse Encephalitis - Aedes triseriatus
West Nile Virus - Culex pipiens
Dog Heartworm - Aedes vexans
Define the word pesticide - ✔✔ correct answer any substance used to directly control pest populations
or to prevent or reduce pest damage
, 5.0 Aquatic and Mosquito Course
Selectivity of Pesticides - ✔✔ correct answer refers to how broad, or narrow, a range of pests a particular
chemical will control
Systemic vs. Contact Pesticides - ✔✔ correct answer Systemic pesticides are absorbed through leaves or
roots of treated plants and then translocated
contact pesticides are not absorbed by treated plants. These pesticides must directly touch the pest
Persistence - ✔✔ correct answer how long they remain active to control pests
Contrast the difference between organic, inorganic and microbial pesticides - ✔✔ correct answer
Organic Pesticides- organic simply means the chemical compound contains the element carbon. They are
often extremely effective and some are quite specific in their activity.
Inorganic Pesticides- typically derived from minerals that occur in nature, They are usually toxic to a wide
range of organisms
Microbial Pesticides- active ingredient are disease causing bacteria, viruses and fungi. highly specific to
the specific pests..
Pesticide Resistance - ✔✔ correct answer Pests often develop resistance to repeated use of the same
pesticide, or even different pesticides that are from the same class
Active Ingredient - ✔✔ correct answer component of a product that has pesticide activity.
Chemical Names - ✔✔ correct answer Each active ingredient is given a chemical name that complies
with accepted guidelines established by chemists
Common Names - ✔✔ correct answer Common names normally appear on the label on the same line
with and just before the chemical name
List the roles plants play in a healthy aquatic ecosystem - ✔✔ correct answer producing oxygen,
preventing erosion, lessening excess nutrients, stabilizing the lake bottom, and providing habitat and
food
List ways that excessive plant growth can adversely affect the ecology and uses of a water body - ✔✔
correct answer Harm the ecology of an aquatic ecosystem, prevent recreational uses, impart tastes or
odors to drinking water supplies, hamper water treatment, adversely affect aesthetics/ property value,
and produce toxins
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems caused by emergent
aquatic plants - ✔✔ correct answer growth extending above the water line, spread by an underground
root system and by seed,. They can exclude recreational pursuits and choke out water ways in high
numbers
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems caused by
submergent aquatic plants - ✔✔ correct answer growth occurring below the water line, spread by
vegetative root system, seed and fracturing, Typically these plants do not cause problems, besides
invasive species
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems caused by free
floating and rooted floating aquatic plants - ✔✔ correct answer occur on the water surface. free floating
with short roots not attached to the bottom, or rooted plants with large floating leaves.
Free-floating plants are typically problematic along shorelines because they are windblown. Very difficult
to control in large bodies of water and b/c they reproduce quickly through cloning
Rooted plants reproduce by seed and through roots and rhizomes. These plants provide valuable cover
for fish and are only rarely a nuisance
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems caused by free
floating, rooted, and filamentous algae - ✔✔ correct answer without stems, leaves, or a water- and
food-conducting vascular system. found floating or attached to submerged surfaces. As the summer
progresses and the weather becomes warmer, these plants multiply rapidly. Free-floating algae are
responsible for many of the summer "algae blooms.
,5.0 Aquatic and Mosquito Course
List the advantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae - ✔✔ correct answer longer lasting
control than some mechanical methods., May involve less physical labor, Some herbicides or algicides at
specific rates may be selective, Can be effective tools in the tool box for the control of invasive and
nuisance plants and algae
List the disadvantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae - ✔✔ correct answer Can lead to
restrictions on water use, Large treatments can lead to too much die-offs leading to oxygen depletion
and fish kills., Sudden release of nutrients into the water can lead to increases in other problems,
Inherent risk to people and nontarget organisms
Describe the beneficial roles of Wisconsin's fish populations - ✔✔ correct answer help maintain
balanced communities by feeding on aquatic plants, insects, and other fish, and by providing a food
source for natural predators
List five types of situations in which fish control may be warranted - ✔✔ correct answer Eliminating
undesirable or competing fish from fish rearing ponds, Removing exotic (nonnative) or other undesirable
species from a body of water, Thinning stunted fish, Eliminating fish from a hatchery water supply to
prevent a potential reservoir of disease-causing organisms, Treating fish spawning sites to prevent
overpopulation of an individual species
Explain why post-treatment management of fish can be important in the long-term success of a pesticide
treatment project - ✔✔ correct answer removal or reduction of fish populations is the first step in a total
management program, Determine whether eliminating or reducing all or only a few species would
accomplish the long-range goal. objective will help determine which pesticide you use, its concentration,
and how and when you apply it..
what do you need to do before you can conduct any chemical treatment for fish control - ✔✔ correct
answer get approval from the WDNR
List the two main reasons why mosquito control may be warranted - ✔✔ correct answer nuisance
control and vector control
Describe the four stages of the mosquito life cycle, including the main structural features of each - ✔✔
correct answer 1. Egg- 1/25 inch long, light color. most hatch within 3 days
2. Larvae- 4 developmental stages, segmented, breathing hole
,5.0 Aquatic and Mosquito Course
3. Pupae- transitional non feeding stage, lasts a few days, suspended at surface
4. Adults- females feed on blood, adults on nectar. males have bushier, longer antennae
List the types of information you need about a mosquito species before you can develop an effective
program to control it - ✔✔ correct answer information on breeding sites, # of generation/ year, host
preference, seasonal population levels, flight range, resting areas, if they can transmit pathogens,
whether the mosquitos carry pathogens
Describe the habits and life history of Aedes vexans - ✔✔ correct answer "inland floodwater mosquito,",
roadside puddles; woodland pools; shallow, open, temporary pools; and river bottoms. Adults commonly
migrate 15 to 20 miles or more from breeding sites and can live for 3 to 4 weeks. Eggs can remain
dormant for up to 5 years.
Describe the habits and life history of Culex Species - ✔✔ correct answer breed in temporary or
permanent pools of water that are high in organic material, readily breeds in artificial containers (Figure
5) and other structures commonly associated with humans, such as ditches and sewage lagoons.
transmits st. louis encephalitis and west nile virus
Describe the habits and life history of Aedes triseriatus - ✔✔ correct answer "tree-hole mosquito" that
breeds in old tires, tin cans, barrels, and tree holes and stumps. main vector of La Crosse encephalitis.
List the three main mosquito-transmitted diseases that occur in Wisconsin and know the mosquito
vector for each - ✔✔ correct answer La Crosse Encephalitis - Aedes triseriatus
West Nile Virus - Culex pipiens
Dog Heartworm - Aedes vexans
Define the word pesticide - ✔✔ correct answer any substance used to directly control pest populations
or to prevent or reduce pest damage
, 5.0 Aquatic and Mosquito Course
Selectivity of Pesticides - ✔✔ correct answer refers to how broad, or narrow, a range of pests a particular
chemical will control
Systemic vs. Contact Pesticides - ✔✔ correct answer Systemic pesticides are absorbed through leaves or
roots of treated plants and then translocated
contact pesticides are not absorbed by treated plants. These pesticides must directly touch the pest
Persistence - ✔✔ correct answer how long they remain active to control pests
Contrast the difference between organic, inorganic and microbial pesticides - ✔✔ correct answer
Organic Pesticides- organic simply means the chemical compound contains the element carbon. They are
often extremely effective and some are quite specific in their activity.
Inorganic Pesticides- typically derived from minerals that occur in nature, They are usually toxic to a wide
range of organisms
Microbial Pesticides- active ingredient are disease causing bacteria, viruses and fungi. highly specific to
the specific pests..
Pesticide Resistance - ✔✔ correct answer Pests often develop resistance to repeated use of the same
pesticide, or even different pesticides that are from the same class
Active Ingredient - ✔✔ correct answer component of a product that has pesticide activity.
Chemical Names - ✔✔ correct answer Each active ingredient is given a chemical name that complies
with accepted guidelines established by chemists
Common Names - ✔✔ correct answer Common names normally appear on the label on the same line
with and just before the chemical name
