Exam 3: NUR 265/ NUR265- Advanced Med-Surg | Complete Study Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| Latest 2025/2026 | 100% Correct- Galen

Exam 3: NUR 265/ NUR265- Advanced Med-Surg |
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Complete Study Guide with Questions and Verified i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Answers| Latest 2025/2026 | 100% Correct- Galen
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What is a TBI
i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- damage to the brain caused by an external force
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what is a mild TBI classified as ?
i,- i,- i,- GCS of 13-15, difficulty to
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concentrate, (concussion), loss of consciousness up to 30min
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what is a moderate tbi classified as?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- gcs of 9-12, loss of
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consciousness 30min-6hrs i,-




what is a severe tbi classified as?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- gcs 3-8, loss of
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consciousness more than 6hrs i,- i,- i,-




difference between open and closed tbi
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fractured
closed-blunt force trauma, integrity of skull isnt compromised
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closed is worse
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what is the complication of a tbi and IICP and what is its
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symptoms? Brain Hernitation-cheyne stokes breathing,
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hemodynamic instability, fixed and non-reactive pupils i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-

,what are the medications used for a TBI?
i,- i,- 1. mannitol-via iv
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filter, used until serum osmolarity reaches 310-320
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2. furosomide
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3.fentanyl- decrease pain and restlessnessi,- i,- i,- i,-




4. proprofol and midazalam-sedation
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5.lidocaine- to surpress cough reflex i,- i,- i,- i,-




what is therapuetic hypothermia ?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- used in a TBI i,- i,- i,-




pt core temp is reduced to 89.6-93.2 for 24-48hrs post primary
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injury, decreases cellular demands
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assessment for TBI i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- 1.assess ABC's i,-




2.implement spine precautions i,- i,-




3.)vital signs i,- i,-




4.)neuro assessment i,- i,-




*report any GCS point change of 2 or more
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what is included in spine precautions?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- -pt supine i,-




-spine and head in neutral midline position
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-bed rest
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, -NO neck of hip flexion
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-NO thoracic/lumbar flexion
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-manual control of cervical spine when C collar is removed
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-log roll i,-




nursing interventions for TBI i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- -vitals Q1-2hrs i,-




-if intubated provide 100%o2 before and after every suction
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-maintain Pao2 80-100 i,- i,-




-AVOID hyperventilation in the first 24hrs
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-implement seizure precautions i,- i,-




-maintain hazard free environment i,- i,- i,-




-reorient pt to person, place and time i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




-always re introduce yourself when you go in pt room
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-keep explanations short and simple
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- collab with rehab for cognitive rehab
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pt educations for TBI (mild)
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- -acetaminophen Q4hrs as i,- i,- i,-



needed for headache i,- i,- i,-




-avoid sedatives and alcohol for at least 24 post TBI
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-AVOID strenuous activity for at least 48 hrs
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-keep follow up appts
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