NURS 121 Safety And Risk
Management Exam Study Set
Children in the hospital setting are at particular risk for preventable injury.The pediatric
population is more susceptible to adverse pharmacology events for a # of reasons, such
as: - ANSWER Lack of pharmaceutical safety dosing and efficacy studies for children;
varying pharmaceutical effects according to the child's stage of development, and
dosage calculations requiring the factoring of age, weight, body surface area, and other
criteria.
*Additional risks include: birth complications, surgical errors, and diagnostic errors.
Risk for infection is higher as well with increased length of stay in the hospital and/or
central venous catheters to provide medications.
(IOM) Institute of Medicine - ANSWER released the finding of a study designed to take an
in-depth look at the overwhelming occurrence of medical errors resulting in preventable
injures and deaths with the U.S. every year.
What is the IOM landmark report? - ANSWER To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health
System, concluded that the majority of theses incidents did not arise from one individual
being careless or making mistakes, but rather from the system and conditions within the
work environment. Researchers called for improvements in safety protocols, the
implementation of which began in the years following the study.
What are National Patient Safety Goals (NPSGs)? - ANSWER Deal with specific topics on
patient safety. Professions with expertise related to client safety issues within
healthcare organizations.
What does the National Patient Safety Initiatives do? - ANSWER They vary, but overall
they aim to foster collaboration w/healthcare facilities, gov. agencies, physicians,
nurses, and healthcare clients to enhance patient safety and quality of care.
The Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act - ANSWER Protects individuals who
report information to patient safety organizations. Voluntary and anonymous safety and
quality reporting systems on a federal level.
*Reporting these adverse events and their causes contributes to patient safety.
The 4 Concepts related to Safety are: - ANSWER Clinical decision making,
Infection,
Perioperative care,
,Quality improvement.
Clinical Decision Making concept - ANSWER Critical thinking
Clinical judgment
Prioritizing care
Clinical Decision Making relationship to safety - ANSWER Nurses consider safety (both
the client & other healthcare workers) at all points during the nursing process, and
while working to prioritize client needs.
Clinical Decision Making nursing implications - ANSWER Assess clients for safety risks
as appropriate.
Example include:
*Medication history (including history of side or adverse effects)
*Factors that impact fall risk and ADLs (e.g., vision, hearing, mobility, balance)
*Hygiene
*Risky behaviors (e.g., condom use, needle sharing)
*Risk for or presence of abuse or neglect
Consider appropriate safety measures when planning nursing care for the client.
Provide client teaching regarding safety measures as appropriate based on assessment
and evaluation of interventions.
Infection Concept - ANSWER Hand hygiene
Standard precautions
Infection relationship to safety - ANSWER The spread of infection within any healthcare
setting is a danger not only to the safety of clients but also to other healthcare
professionals and staff.
Infection Nursing implications - ANSWER Employ hand hygiene after all client
interactions, including changing sheets, handling bedpans, and/or helping the client to
sit up in bed.
Employ hand hygiene and disinfection procedures after removing gloves.
Teach clients about infection control measures, such as hand washing, proper cough
etiquette, and respiratory hygiene.
Disinfect and clean stations and rooms regularly.
Perioperative Care Concept - ANSWER Universal protocols
, Sterile field and hand hygiene
Discharge planning and instructions
Perioperative Care Relationship to safety - ANSWER Surgery increases the risk to the
client of being exposed to infections as well as the risk of wrong-site surgeries.
Perioperative Care Nursing implications - ANSWER Ensure that all hospital protocols
are followed exactly when preparing the client for surgery.
Discuss the surgery being performed with the client.
Practice infection control measures when changing dressings and performing wound
care.
Monitor client for any signs of infection at the surgery site.
Teach client appropriate wound care procedures.
Quality Improvement Concept - ANSWER Six rights of medication administration
Quality Improvement relationship to Safety - ANSWER Improving quality of care for all
clients involves ensuring and considering the safety of clients at all times within nursing
care.
Quality Improvement Nursing implications - ANSWER Ensure a high quality of care in all
interactions with clients.
Check dosage amounts carefully
Ensure that the correct client is receiving the correct type and amount of medication.
Follow safety and procedural guidelines for client care.
Despite the gap in practical experience for nursing students, there was no general
agreement to core competencies that should be demonstrated by graduating nurses.
*Goal to deal w/proposal gap is - ANSWER to prepare future nurses w/practical
experience and the (KSAs) Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes necessary to provide better
quality and safety in the healthcare settings.
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation funded the proposal and the result was the
(QSEN) Quality & Safety Education for Nurses which have six competencies that were
identified. What are the six competencies that all nursing graduates are expected to
have learned? - ANSWER Patient-centered care
Quality improvement
Evidence-based practice
Management Exam Study Set
Children in the hospital setting are at particular risk for preventable injury.The pediatric
population is more susceptible to adverse pharmacology events for a # of reasons, such
as: - ANSWER Lack of pharmaceutical safety dosing and efficacy studies for children;
varying pharmaceutical effects according to the child's stage of development, and
dosage calculations requiring the factoring of age, weight, body surface area, and other
criteria.
*Additional risks include: birth complications, surgical errors, and diagnostic errors.
Risk for infection is higher as well with increased length of stay in the hospital and/or
central venous catheters to provide medications.
(IOM) Institute of Medicine - ANSWER released the finding of a study designed to take an
in-depth look at the overwhelming occurrence of medical errors resulting in preventable
injures and deaths with the U.S. every year.
What is the IOM landmark report? - ANSWER To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health
System, concluded that the majority of theses incidents did not arise from one individual
being careless or making mistakes, but rather from the system and conditions within the
work environment. Researchers called for improvements in safety protocols, the
implementation of which began in the years following the study.
What are National Patient Safety Goals (NPSGs)? - ANSWER Deal with specific topics on
patient safety. Professions with expertise related to client safety issues within
healthcare organizations.
What does the National Patient Safety Initiatives do? - ANSWER They vary, but overall
they aim to foster collaboration w/healthcare facilities, gov. agencies, physicians,
nurses, and healthcare clients to enhance patient safety and quality of care.
The Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act - ANSWER Protects individuals who
report information to patient safety organizations. Voluntary and anonymous safety and
quality reporting systems on a federal level.
*Reporting these adverse events and their causes contributes to patient safety.
The 4 Concepts related to Safety are: - ANSWER Clinical decision making,
Infection,
Perioperative care,
,Quality improvement.
Clinical Decision Making concept - ANSWER Critical thinking
Clinical judgment
Prioritizing care
Clinical Decision Making relationship to safety - ANSWER Nurses consider safety (both
the client & other healthcare workers) at all points during the nursing process, and
while working to prioritize client needs.
Clinical Decision Making nursing implications - ANSWER Assess clients for safety risks
as appropriate.
Example include:
*Medication history (including history of side or adverse effects)
*Factors that impact fall risk and ADLs (e.g., vision, hearing, mobility, balance)
*Hygiene
*Risky behaviors (e.g., condom use, needle sharing)
*Risk for or presence of abuse or neglect
Consider appropriate safety measures when planning nursing care for the client.
Provide client teaching regarding safety measures as appropriate based on assessment
and evaluation of interventions.
Infection Concept - ANSWER Hand hygiene
Standard precautions
Infection relationship to safety - ANSWER The spread of infection within any healthcare
setting is a danger not only to the safety of clients but also to other healthcare
professionals and staff.
Infection Nursing implications - ANSWER Employ hand hygiene after all client
interactions, including changing sheets, handling bedpans, and/or helping the client to
sit up in bed.
Employ hand hygiene and disinfection procedures after removing gloves.
Teach clients about infection control measures, such as hand washing, proper cough
etiquette, and respiratory hygiene.
Disinfect and clean stations and rooms regularly.
Perioperative Care Concept - ANSWER Universal protocols
, Sterile field and hand hygiene
Discharge planning and instructions
Perioperative Care Relationship to safety - ANSWER Surgery increases the risk to the
client of being exposed to infections as well as the risk of wrong-site surgeries.
Perioperative Care Nursing implications - ANSWER Ensure that all hospital protocols
are followed exactly when preparing the client for surgery.
Discuss the surgery being performed with the client.
Practice infection control measures when changing dressings and performing wound
care.
Monitor client for any signs of infection at the surgery site.
Teach client appropriate wound care procedures.
Quality Improvement Concept - ANSWER Six rights of medication administration
Quality Improvement relationship to Safety - ANSWER Improving quality of care for all
clients involves ensuring and considering the safety of clients at all times within nursing
care.
Quality Improvement Nursing implications - ANSWER Ensure a high quality of care in all
interactions with clients.
Check dosage amounts carefully
Ensure that the correct client is receiving the correct type and amount of medication.
Follow safety and procedural guidelines for client care.
Despite the gap in practical experience for nursing students, there was no general
agreement to core competencies that should be demonstrated by graduating nurses.
*Goal to deal w/proposal gap is - ANSWER to prepare future nurses w/practical
experience and the (KSAs) Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes necessary to provide better
quality and safety in the healthcare settings.
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation funded the proposal and the result was the
(QSEN) Quality & Safety Education for Nurses which have six competencies that were
identified. What are the six competencies that all nursing graduates are expected to
have learned? - ANSWER Patient-centered care
Quality improvement
Evidence-based practice
