ECS Written Exam Questions 2025 With Correct Answers.

ECS Written Exam Questions 2025 With
Correct Answers




What are the essential components of transfers? - correct answer Balanced sitting, standing up, sitting down
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What are the levels of assistance for transfers? - correct answer Independent
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Modified independent: use of device, no physical assistance
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Supervision/stand-by: you wouldn't leave the room o o o o o




Contact guard assist/minimal: patient performs 75%+
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Moderate: Patient performs 50%o o o




Maximal: Patient performs 25%
o o o




Total/dependent: Patient performs less than 25% o o o o o




What are the characteristics of normal walking? - correct answer 1. fairly erect posture
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2. Characteristic cadence (rate)
o o o




3. Length of step
o o o




4. Lateral weight shift
o o o




5. Swing, stance phase
o o o




6. Trunk rotation
o o




7. Reciprocal arm swing
o o o

, Hip Precautions - correct answer Patients who have dislocated their hip posteriorly or have undergone a total
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hip replacement surgery using a posterior approach
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No hip flexion greater than 90 degrees
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No hip adduction
o o




No hip medial rotation
o o o




Gait devices (Least to most coordination) - correct answer Parallel bars> walker> 1 cane> 2 canes> axillary
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crutches> forearm crutches o o




Gait Devices Least to most support - correct answer Straight cane> quad canes> two canes> forearm
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crutches> axillary crutches> walker> parallel bars o o o o o




If a patient is NWB, TTWB or PWB you must use a _______________ device - correct answer Bilateral
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In the supine position, if the patient can't get to 90 degrees passive hip ROM - correct answer Stop the screen if
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the patient does not have passive motion to sit and perform a passive transfer
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If a patient has weakness during the gait and transfer screen... - correct answer Still determine if they have the
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available ROM for gait/transfers o o o




If a patient has pain for the gait and transfer screen - correct answer ASK about pain for each item
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If a pt experiences pain, assess active and passive ROM to point of pain, do not apply resistance. Can assess
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other points if not painful o o o o




Post-surgical /fractures - correct answer -If patient is NWB, do not apply resistance to that lower extremity but
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it is okay to assess active and passive ROM
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-If patient is WBAT, TTWB or PWB do not apply resistance to the joint involved. You may be able to apply slight
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resistance to joints distal and proximal but only to the point of pain (ONLY if no two joint muscles are involved)
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Always instruct a patient to fall _____ , moving any braces or devices out of the way - correct answer Forward
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