MED-SURG EXAM 1 2025, WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.

MED-SURG EXAM 1 2025, WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS




Preoperative Phase - correct answer Decision for surgery is made and ends when the patient is transferred to
e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e




the operating room
e e




Intraoperative Phase - correct answer Begins with the patient's entry into the operating room and ends with
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admittance to the postanesthesia care unite (PACU) or recovery room
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Postoperative Phase - correct answer Begins with the patient's admittance to the PACU and ends with the
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patient's complete recovery from the surgical intervention
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Elective Surgery - correct answer Suggested and scheduled, no forseen ill effects if postponed
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Urgent Surgery - correct answer Necessary to be performed within 1 to 2 days (ASAP)
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Emergency Surgery - correct answer Performed IMMEDIATELY; life or limb threatening
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Ambulatory Admission - correct answer Surgeries are performed that DONT require hospital admission;
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Outpatient procedure e




Same Day Admission - correct answer Admission of surgical patients to the hospital on the day of surgery
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,Early Admission - correct answer Patient that may have multiple and/or significant comorbidities are
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admitted 1 to 2 days prior to surgery to maintain or prepare
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Diagnostic Surgery - correct answer Surgical exploration that alows health care providers to confirm
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diagnoses ex: laparotomy e e




Curative Surgery - correct answer Surgery performed to resolve a health problem by repairing or removing
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the cause
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• Ex. Lap chole, Mastectomy, Hysterectomy
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Palliative Surgery - correct answer Surgery that improves comfort or reduces intensity of disease symptoms;
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will not produce cure (ex. colostomy, debridement of necrotic tissue)
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Cosmetic Surgery - correct answer Surgeries specific in the surgical restoration and reconstruction of body
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structures (ex. rhinoplasty) e e




Reconstructive Surgery - correct answer Surgery performed to improve/restore a client's functional ability
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• Ex. Total knee replacement, Finger reimplantation
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Neuroendocrine Response - correct answer SNS stimulation (stress response) = compensatory e e e e e e e e e e e




vasoconstriction e




Increased HR and BP (risk for stroke, bleeding)
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Decreased Peristalsis (No Bowel Sounds, pain meds not effective)
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Hormonal Response - correct answer Norepinephrine = increased HR
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Aldosterone = increased fluid/Na (decreased UO) e e e e e




Glucocorticoids = increased blood sugar e e e e




Metabolic Response - correct answer Relative rate of starvation
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~Gluconeogenesis

, ~Fat metabolism
e




~Protein breakdown e




~Negative Nitrogen balance e e




Healing - correct answer Adequate protein and Vitamin C
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Psychological Response - correct answer Anxiety and Fear r/t to cause for surgery and poor coping skills
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Preoperative Management - correct answer ~Patient Safety is PRIMARY CONCERN e e e e e e e e e




~NPO

~Bowel Prep and Skin Prep e e e e




~Pre-Op Labs e




~Hospital gown, voiding, removal of dentures, jewelry, contacts, etc.
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~Attend to family's needs e e e




Hold Meds: Preop Care - correct answer Insulin
e e e e e e e




Aspirin e




Coumadin

Heparin



Signed Operative Consent Form - correct answer ~Disclosure of the risks associated with the intended
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operation or procedure to the patient e e e e e




~The patient, nurse and surgeon sign
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~Nurse serves as witness e e e




PreOp Teaching - correct answer ~PreOp experience
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~PreOp meds (IV or IM, feels like...)
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~Breathing exercises, coughing, incentive spirometer, leg exercises e e e e e e




~Position changes and movement e e e e