NURS 5315 GI UPDATED Questions and
CORRECT Answers
control of GI tract function - CORRECT ANSWER - muscle control (chewing,
swallowing, defecation)
hormone control (ANS) (GI motility, secretion of substances that aid in digestions)
upper GI anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum
lower GI anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - small intestine, large intestine, colon
GI blood flow - CORRECT ANSWER - 25% of cardiac output
arterial blood supply- celiac and mesenteric artery
venous blood supply- blood flows through gut to hepatic circulation via the portal vein, liver
blood flow, from liver via hepatic vein to IVC after detoxification
reticuloendothelial cells - CORRECT ANSWER - kupffer cells=macrophages
kupffer cells - CORRECT ANSWER - macrophages in the liver.
remove toxins, bacteria and metabolic waste products
hepatic circulation - CORRECT ANSWER - blood flows through liver sinusoids, where
kupffer cells remove toxins, bacteria, and metabolic waste products
non-fat, water soluble nutrients are absorbed by - CORRECT ANSWER - gut and enter
hepatic circulation
reticuloendothelial cells and hepatocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - absorb and store the
nutrients
, intermediate chemical processing of nutrients occurs - CORRECT ANSWER - in the liver
constipation - CORRECT ANSWER - difficult or infrequent stooling, individual definition
based upon baseline stooling patterns (2-3 day-week)
primary constipation - CORRECT ANSWER - functional: normal motility but difficulty
passing stool
slow-transit: slow colon transit and accumulation of stool in sigmoid colon
pelvic floor dysfunction: failure of pelvic floor or anal sphincter muscle relaxation
secondary constipation - CORRECT ANSWER - opioid-induced, SCI, stroke, Parkinson's,
Hirschsprung disease
constipation manifestations last 3+ months - CORRECT ANSWER - straining with
stooling, lumpy or hard stools, sensation of incomplete emptying, and/or use of manual
maneuvers to facilitate stooling >25% of time, <3 stools/week
diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER - >3 loose, watery stools per day; categorized as acute,
persistent or chronic
osmotic diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER - ingestion of high osmolar substances that pull
water in and increase stool weight and volume
ex. ions (Mg sulfate, phosphate), sugars, lactulose, tube feeding formulas
secretory diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER - increased secretion of chloride or bicarb-rich
fluids or decreased Na absorption
ex. infection (rotavirus, e coli, c diff), IBD (UC, Chrons), constipation
CORRECT Answers
control of GI tract function - CORRECT ANSWER - muscle control (chewing,
swallowing, defecation)
hormone control (ANS) (GI motility, secretion of substances that aid in digestions)
upper GI anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum
lower GI anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - small intestine, large intestine, colon
GI blood flow - CORRECT ANSWER - 25% of cardiac output
arterial blood supply- celiac and mesenteric artery
venous blood supply- blood flows through gut to hepatic circulation via the portal vein, liver
blood flow, from liver via hepatic vein to IVC after detoxification
reticuloendothelial cells - CORRECT ANSWER - kupffer cells=macrophages
kupffer cells - CORRECT ANSWER - macrophages in the liver.
remove toxins, bacteria and metabolic waste products
hepatic circulation - CORRECT ANSWER - blood flows through liver sinusoids, where
kupffer cells remove toxins, bacteria, and metabolic waste products
non-fat, water soluble nutrients are absorbed by - CORRECT ANSWER - gut and enter
hepatic circulation
reticuloendothelial cells and hepatocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - absorb and store the
nutrients
, intermediate chemical processing of nutrients occurs - CORRECT ANSWER - in the liver
constipation - CORRECT ANSWER - difficult or infrequent stooling, individual definition
based upon baseline stooling patterns (2-3 day-week)
primary constipation - CORRECT ANSWER - functional: normal motility but difficulty
passing stool
slow-transit: slow colon transit and accumulation of stool in sigmoid colon
pelvic floor dysfunction: failure of pelvic floor or anal sphincter muscle relaxation
secondary constipation - CORRECT ANSWER - opioid-induced, SCI, stroke, Parkinson's,
Hirschsprung disease
constipation manifestations last 3+ months - CORRECT ANSWER - straining with
stooling, lumpy or hard stools, sensation of incomplete emptying, and/or use of manual
maneuvers to facilitate stooling >25% of time, <3 stools/week
diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER - >3 loose, watery stools per day; categorized as acute,
persistent or chronic
osmotic diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER - ingestion of high osmolar substances that pull
water in and increase stool weight and volume
ex. ions (Mg sulfate, phosphate), sugars, lactulose, tube feeding formulas
secretory diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER - increased secretion of chloride or bicarb-rich
fluids or decreased Na absorption
ex. infection (rotavirus, e coli, c diff), IBD (UC, Chrons), constipation
