Psychology 4th edition Schacter Chapter 14 - Stress & Health
1. certain events or chronic pressures that place demands on a person or
threaten their well-being: Stressors
2. physical and psychological response to internal and external stressors: -
Stress
3. subfield of psych concerned with ways psychological factors i nfluence the
causes and treatment of physical illness and the maintenance ofhealth: Health
psychology
4. College Undergraduate Stress Scale: CUSS
5. - Major life changes cause stress.
- Increased stress causes illness.
- Stress can come from negative and positive events.
- Positive events produce less psychological distress and fewer physical
symptoms.
- Happiness can sometimes counteract the effects of negative events.: Holmes
& Rache (1967)
6. sources of stress that happen continuously or repeatedly
i.e. environmental factors: noise, traffic, crowding, pollution, etc ., bullying,
overwork: Chronic stressors
7. The belief that we can influence our environment in ways that determine
whether we experience positive or negative outcomes
- uncontrollable threats that trigger strongest stress responses. Perceiving a
loss of control, we can become vulnerable to ill health.: Perceived control and
stress
8. emotional/physiological reaction to an emergency that increases readiness
for action: Fight-or-flight response
9. 1. brain activation in hypothalamus = stimulates pituitary gland
2. pituitary gland secretes ACTH hormone (adrenocorticotrophic hormone)
into bloodstream
3. Adrenal glands stimulated (above kidneys)
4. adrenal glands release catecholamines and cortisol, triggers fight-or-flight.
1/7
, Psychology 4th edition Schacter Chapter 14 - Stress & Health
Catecholomins = epinephrine/norepinephrine = increase sympa nervous sys-
tem (increase heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate) and decrease
parasympa activation
norepineprhine same meaning as adrenaline: Fight or flight respo nse - how it
works (HPA Axis)
10. 3 stage physiological stress response that appears regardless of stressor
encountered
1. Alarm Phase (Shock, then counter-shock)
2. Resistance Phase
3. Exhaustion Phase: General adaptation syndrome (GAS) [Selye]
11. body rapidly mobilizes its resources to respond to threat; body calls on
stored fat and muscles (like fight or flight response): Alarm phas e (1st GAS
Stage) "Shock"
12. : Alarm Phase "Counter-shock"
13. body adapts to high state of arousal and tries to cope with stressor
shuts down unnecessary processes: digestion, growth, ovulation, sex drive,
stops production of testosterone and sperm decreases: Resistance phase (2nd
GAS Stage)
14. body's resistance collapses
resistance phases defences = gradual damage when operating = infection,
tumor growth, aging, irreversible organ damage, death: Exhaustion phase (3rd
GAS Stage)
15. caps at the ends of each chromosome that protect the ends of chromo-
somes and prevent them from sticking to each other
- kinda like tape at the end of your shoelaces that keeps them from being frayed
and not working as efficiently
- each time a cell divides, the telomeres become slightly shorter
2/7
1. certain events or chronic pressures that place demands on a person or
threaten their well-being: Stressors
2. physical and psychological response to internal and external stressors: -
Stress
3. subfield of psych concerned with ways psychological factors i nfluence the
causes and treatment of physical illness and the maintenance ofhealth: Health
psychology
4. College Undergraduate Stress Scale: CUSS
5. - Major life changes cause stress.
- Increased stress causes illness.
- Stress can come from negative and positive events.
- Positive events produce less psychological distress and fewer physical
symptoms.
- Happiness can sometimes counteract the effects of negative events.: Holmes
& Rache (1967)
6. sources of stress that happen continuously or repeatedly
i.e. environmental factors: noise, traffic, crowding, pollution, etc ., bullying,
overwork: Chronic stressors
7. The belief that we can influence our environment in ways that determine
whether we experience positive or negative outcomes
- uncontrollable threats that trigger strongest stress responses. Perceiving a
loss of control, we can become vulnerable to ill health.: Perceived control and
stress
8. emotional/physiological reaction to an emergency that increases readiness
for action: Fight-or-flight response
9. 1. brain activation in hypothalamus = stimulates pituitary gland
2. pituitary gland secretes ACTH hormone (adrenocorticotrophic hormone)
into bloodstream
3. Adrenal glands stimulated (above kidneys)
4. adrenal glands release catecholamines and cortisol, triggers fight-or-flight.
1/7
, Psychology 4th edition Schacter Chapter 14 - Stress & Health
Catecholomins = epinephrine/norepinephrine = increase sympa nervous sys-
tem (increase heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate) and decrease
parasympa activation
norepineprhine same meaning as adrenaline: Fight or flight respo nse - how it
works (HPA Axis)
10. 3 stage physiological stress response that appears regardless of stressor
encountered
1. Alarm Phase (Shock, then counter-shock)
2. Resistance Phase
3. Exhaustion Phase: General adaptation syndrome (GAS) [Selye]
11. body rapidly mobilizes its resources to respond to threat; body calls on
stored fat and muscles (like fight or flight response): Alarm phas e (1st GAS
Stage) "Shock"
12. : Alarm Phase "Counter-shock"
13. body adapts to high state of arousal and tries to cope with stressor
shuts down unnecessary processes: digestion, growth, ovulation, sex drive,
stops production of testosterone and sperm decreases: Resistance phase (2nd
GAS Stage)
14. body's resistance collapses
resistance phases defences = gradual damage when operating = infection,
tumor growth, aging, irreversible organ damage, death: Exhaustion phase (3rd
GAS Stage)
15. caps at the ends of each chromosome that protect the ends of chromo-
somes and prevent them from sticking to each other
- kinda like tape at the end of your shoelaces that keeps them from being frayed
and not working as efficiently
- each time a cell divides, the telomeres become slightly shorter
2/7
