Chapter 3 Medical Surgical Nursing Exam And Answers.

Chapter 3 Medical Surgical Nursing Exam And Answers




Acidosis - correct answer Excess acid or depletion of alkaline substances in the blood and body tissues
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




Acidosis levels - correct answer pH below 7.35
q q q q q q q




Active Transport - correct answer Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




against a concentration difference, active transport may move substances from an area of lower
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




concentration to an area of higher concentration. q q q q q q




Aldosterone - correct answer "salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys.
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure
q q q q q q q q q q q q




Alkalosis - correct answer excess of alkaline or decrease of acid substances in the blood and body fluids
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




Alkalosis - correct answer pH > 7.45q q q q q q




Anions - correct answer negatively charged ions
q q q q q q




Cations - correct answer positively charged ions
q q q q q q




antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - correct answer released by the posterior pituitary, controls how much fluid
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




leaves the body in the urine and causes reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q

, Ascites - correct answer abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity
q q q q q q q q q q q




Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - correct answer released to stimulate renal vasodilation when there's too
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




much volume and suppress Aldosterone. Increases urinary output. Congestive heart failure patients have
q q q q q q q q q q q q q




high levels of ANP.
q q q




Carpopedal spasm (Trousseau Sign) - correct answer A spasm of the hand, thumbs, foot, or toes that
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




accompanies tetany. q




Dehydration - correct answer water moves from the cells into interstitial and intravascular spaces, this
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




movement of water out of the cells causes: q q q q q q q




Diffusion - correct answer process by which substances move across the membranes until they are evenly
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




distributed in the available space q q q q




Edema associated with retention of water, sodium and chloride is: - correct answer defined as an
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




accumulation of freely moving interstitial fluid(fluid surrounding the cells) q q q q q q q q




4 main causes of edema - correct answer increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure
q q q q q q q q q q q q




a loss of plasma proteins
q q q q




obstruction of lymphatic circulation q q q




increase in capillary permeability q q q




Electrolytes - correct answer minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




Extracellular fluid (ECF) - correct answer body fluids located outside of cells, 1/3 of body's total water,
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




transports water, nutrients, oxygen, waste, etc, to and from the cells. Regulated by renal, metabolic and
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q




neurologic factors, high in NA+ content q q q q q




intracellular fluid - correct answer the fluid contained within cells q q q q q q q q q