EDUC 703
1. (philosophical term) the view that the existence of God, of the divine or the
supernatural is unknown or unknowable. Another definition provided is the
view that "human reason is incapable of providing sufficient rational grounds
to justify either the belief that God exists or the belief that God does not
exist.": agnosticism
2. (philosophical term) belief in the existence of a supreme being, specifically
of a creator who does not intervene in the universe. The term is used chiefly
of an intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries that accepted
the existence of a creator on the basis of reason but rejected belief in a
supernatural deity who interacts with humankind.: deism
3. (philosophical term) the art of investigating or discussing the truth of opin-
ions.: dialectic
4. (philosophical term) a division or contrast between two things that are or
are represented as being opposed or entirely different.: dichotomy
5. (philosophical term) the theories or methods of the ancient Eclectic philoso-
phers, who did not belong to or found any recognized school of thought but
selected doctrines from various schools of thought.: eclecticism
6. (philosophical term) the theory of knowledge, especially with regard to
its methods, validity, and scope. Epistemology is the investigation of what
distinguishes justified belief from opinion. Questions relating to the nature of
truth and how it is acquired.: epistemology
7. (philosophical term) complete trust or confidence in someone or some-
thing. strong belief in God or in the doctrines of a religion, based on spiritual
apprehension rather than proof.: faith
8. (philosophical term) a term coined by the German philosopher Ludwig
Klages in the early 1900s. It refers to the tradition of Western science and
philosophy that regards words and language as a fundamental expression of
an external reality. Knowledge deriving from written or spoken words rather
than from images: logocentrism
9. (philosophical term) the doctrine that nothing exists except matter and its
movements and modifications. a tendency to consider material possessions
and physical comfort as more important than spiritual values.: materialism
10. (philosophical term) the branch of philosophy that studies concepts such
as existence, being, becoming, and reality. It includes the questions of how
entities are grouped into basic categories and which of these entities exist on
the most fundamental level.: ontology
11. (philosophical term) Pantheism is the belief that reality is identical with
divinity, or that all-things compose an all-encompassing, immanent god.: pan-
theism
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, EDUC 703
12. (philosophical term) in philosophy, the faculty or process of drawing log-
ical inferences. ... Reason is in opposition to sensation, perception, feeling,
desire, as the faculty (the existence of which is denied by empiricists) by which
fundamental truths are intuitively apprehended.: reason
13. (philosophical term) the explanation of phenomena in terms of the purpose
they serve rather than of the cause by which they arise. Teleology or finality
is a reason or explanation for something as a function of its end, purpose, or
goal, as opposed to as a function of, say, its cause. A purpose that is imposed
by a human use, such as that of a fork, is called extrinsic.: teleology
14. (more of a method than a theory; leans toward transmission). B.F. Skinner's
behavior modification. We usually pair this as a tool to use with "essential-
ism": behaviorism
15. (theory that leans more toward transformation) Paulo Freire, a social ac-
tivist, educator, and philosopher. Freire contributed a philosophy of educa-
tion which blended classical approaches stemming from Plato and modern
Marxist, post-Marxist, and anti-colonialist thinkers. His Pedagogy of the Op-
pressed (1968) can be read as an extension of, or reply to, Frantz Fanon's
The Wretched of the Earth (1961), which emphasized the need to provide
native populations with an education which was simultaneously new and
modern, rather than traditional, and anti-colonial - not simply an extension
of the colonizing culture. Freire considered the contemporaneous Chinese
Cultural Revolution an exemplar of his notion of cultural action and praised
Mao Zedong's innovations to Marxist theory and praxis. These carried the
baton from Friere: Peter McLaren, Henry Giroux, Bell Hooks (Gloria Watkins)
by being social activists. They're different from the original progressives, the
resconstructionists, in that they've brought in more of the Marxist element
(this idea that the main form of education is to identify oppression and fight it;
to stand against it in solidarity with those who are oppressed either by poverty
or by being marginalized; they believe that educators need to take a stand in
that).: critical pedagogy
16. (theory that leans more toward transmission) about facts, knowledge, and
skills: essentialism
17. (philosophies/theories) a form of philosophical inquiry that explores the
problem of human existence and centers on the lived experience of the
thinking, feeling, acting individual.: existentialism
18. (philosophies/theories) Plato. In philosophy, idealism is a diverse group of
metaphysical views which all assert that "reality" is in some way indistinguish-
able or inseparable from human perception and/or understanding, that it is in
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1. (philosophical term) the view that the existence of God, of the divine or the
supernatural is unknown or unknowable. Another definition provided is the
view that "human reason is incapable of providing sufficient rational grounds
to justify either the belief that God exists or the belief that God does not
exist.": agnosticism
2. (philosophical term) belief in the existence of a supreme being, specifically
of a creator who does not intervene in the universe. The term is used chiefly
of an intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries that accepted
the existence of a creator on the basis of reason but rejected belief in a
supernatural deity who interacts with humankind.: deism
3. (philosophical term) the art of investigating or discussing the truth of opin-
ions.: dialectic
4. (philosophical term) a division or contrast between two things that are or
are represented as being opposed or entirely different.: dichotomy
5. (philosophical term) the theories or methods of the ancient Eclectic philoso-
phers, who did not belong to or found any recognized school of thought but
selected doctrines from various schools of thought.: eclecticism
6. (philosophical term) the theory of knowledge, especially with regard to
its methods, validity, and scope. Epistemology is the investigation of what
distinguishes justified belief from opinion. Questions relating to the nature of
truth and how it is acquired.: epistemology
7. (philosophical term) complete trust or confidence in someone or some-
thing. strong belief in God or in the doctrines of a religion, based on spiritual
apprehension rather than proof.: faith
8. (philosophical term) a term coined by the German philosopher Ludwig
Klages in the early 1900s. It refers to the tradition of Western science and
philosophy that regards words and language as a fundamental expression of
an external reality. Knowledge deriving from written or spoken words rather
than from images: logocentrism
9. (philosophical term) the doctrine that nothing exists except matter and its
movements and modifications. a tendency to consider material possessions
and physical comfort as more important than spiritual values.: materialism
10. (philosophical term) the branch of philosophy that studies concepts such
as existence, being, becoming, and reality. It includes the questions of how
entities are grouped into basic categories and which of these entities exist on
the most fundamental level.: ontology
11. (philosophical term) Pantheism is the belief that reality is identical with
divinity, or that all-things compose an all-encompassing, immanent god.: pan-
theism
1/6
, EDUC 703
12. (philosophical term) in philosophy, the faculty or process of drawing log-
ical inferences. ... Reason is in opposition to sensation, perception, feeling,
desire, as the faculty (the existence of which is denied by empiricists) by which
fundamental truths are intuitively apprehended.: reason
13. (philosophical term) the explanation of phenomena in terms of the purpose
they serve rather than of the cause by which they arise. Teleology or finality
is a reason or explanation for something as a function of its end, purpose, or
goal, as opposed to as a function of, say, its cause. A purpose that is imposed
by a human use, such as that of a fork, is called extrinsic.: teleology
14. (more of a method than a theory; leans toward transmission). B.F. Skinner's
behavior modification. We usually pair this as a tool to use with "essential-
ism": behaviorism
15. (theory that leans more toward transformation) Paulo Freire, a social ac-
tivist, educator, and philosopher. Freire contributed a philosophy of educa-
tion which blended classical approaches stemming from Plato and modern
Marxist, post-Marxist, and anti-colonialist thinkers. His Pedagogy of the Op-
pressed (1968) can be read as an extension of, or reply to, Frantz Fanon's
The Wretched of the Earth (1961), which emphasized the need to provide
native populations with an education which was simultaneously new and
modern, rather than traditional, and anti-colonial - not simply an extension
of the colonizing culture. Freire considered the contemporaneous Chinese
Cultural Revolution an exemplar of his notion of cultural action and praised
Mao Zedong's innovations to Marxist theory and praxis. These carried the
baton from Friere: Peter McLaren, Henry Giroux, Bell Hooks (Gloria Watkins)
by being social activists. They're different from the original progressives, the
resconstructionists, in that they've brought in more of the Marxist element
(this idea that the main form of education is to identify oppression and fight it;
to stand against it in solidarity with those who are oppressed either by poverty
or by being marginalized; they believe that educators need to take a stand in
that).: critical pedagogy
16. (theory that leans more toward transmission) about facts, knowledge, and
skills: essentialism
17. (philosophies/theories) a form of philosophical inquiry that explores the
problem of human existence and centers on the lived experience of the
thinking, feeling, acting individual.: existentialism
18. (philosophies/theories) Plato. In philosophy, idealism is a diverse group of
metaphysical views which all assert that "reality" is in some way indistinguish-
able or inseparable from human perception and/or understanding, that it is in
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