WCU Pathophysiology 370 Final Exam Study Guide Questions And Answers

WCU Pathophysiology 370 Final Exam
Study Guide Questions And Answers.

latent - (correct answer) -Time between exposure and when symptoms appear.
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Prodromal - (correct answer) -early symptoms that may indicate the onset of a condition or
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disease
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endemic - (correct answer) -(adj.) native or confined to a particular region or people;
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characteristic of or prevalent in a field
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subclinical - (correct answer) -without showing signs of disease
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Primary prevention examples - (correct answer) -immunizations, pollution control,
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nutrition, exercise
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Allostasis - (correct answer) -process by which the body achieves stability through
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physiological change
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Hormones secreted during stress response - (correct answer) -Catecholamines:
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epinephrine and norepinephrine
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Glucocorticoids: cortisol and aldosterone jl jl jl



Others: endorphins(reduce pain), enkephalins, immune cytokines(enhance pain)
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Selye's Three Phases of Stress Response - (correct answer) -alarm reaction, resistance,
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exhaustion
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Symphathetic Nervous system mediated by - (correct answer) -Norepinephrine jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl




intracellular accumulations - (correct answer) -1. Excessive amounts of normal
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intracellular substances such as fat.
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2. Accumulation of abnormal substance produced by the cell because of faulty metabolism
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or synthesis.
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3. Accumulation of pigments and particles that the cell is unable to degrade.
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Atrophy - (correct answer) -cell shrink and reduce their differentiated functions in response
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to variety of normal and injurious factors.
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,Hypertrophy - (correct answer) -increase in cell size followed by augmented functional jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl



capacity
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Hyperplasia - (correct answer) -increase in number of cells jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl




Metaplasia - (correct answer) -Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type
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Dysplasia - (correct answer) -abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
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necrosis - (correct answer) -cell death due to injury
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Coagulative necrosis - (correct answer) -Cell proteins are altered or denatured - jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl



coagulation
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liquefactive necrosis - (correct answer) --Dissolution of dead cells occur quickly
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-Lysosomal enzymes dissolves tissues jl jl jl



Brain
-Rich in degradative enzymes, little supportive connective tissue
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Bacterial or fungal infections jl jl jl



-Trigger accumulation of localized WBC
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-Pus

Fat necrosis - (correct answer) -•Death of adipose tissue
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•Results from trauma or pancreatitis jl jl jl jl



-Liquefy fat cells in peritoneum jl jl jl jl



•Visible white chalky areasjl jl jl




caseous necrosis - (correct answer) -degeneration and death of tissue with a cheese-like
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appearance
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Apoptosis - (correct answer) -programmed cell death jl jl jl jl jl jl




Side effects of chemotherapy include - (correct answer) -anemia, nausea, bleeding, and
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infections
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Cancer terminology - (correct answer) -oma, carcinoma, and sarcoma
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oma - (correct answer) -tumor, mass
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carcinoma - (correct answer) -cancerous tumor jl jl jl jl jl




sarcoma - (correct answer) -malignant tumor of connective tissue
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Grading - (correct answer) -a method for evaluating a tumor based on microscopic
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examination of the cells
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, Staging - (correct answer) -the process of classifying tumors with respect to how far the
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disease has progressed, the potential for its responding to therapy, and the patient's
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prognosis
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Deficits in immune system function in cancer: - (correct answer) -chemotherapy, cancer
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cells, cancer metastasis to bone marrow, and malnutrition
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Tumor marker functions - (correct answer) -produced by normal cells, help determine
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cancer origin, help identify progression of cancer, and include prostatic-specific antigen
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Type 1 hypersensitivity - (correct answer) -IgE mediated hypersensitivity
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Type 2 hypersensitivity - (correct answer) -IgG or IgM autoantibody directed against cells
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i.e Hemolytic anemia
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Type 3 hypersensitivity - (correct answer) -antigen-antibody complex deposition into
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tissues, with consequent activation of complement and a subsequent self-sustaining
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inflammatory reaction.
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Type 4 hypersensitivity - (correct answer) -Delayed type hypersensitivity reactions.
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T-cell and Macrophage mediated. jl jl jl



Ex: Tuberculosis
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Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) - (correct answer) -the most common form of leukemia
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in adults over 70 years of age; characterized by overproduction of lymphocytes
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Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) - (correct answer) -Malignant granulocytes that
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carry a unique chromosomal abnormality, the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+)
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Multiple Myeloma (MM) - (correct answer) -Malignant proliferation of plasma cells
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Infiltrate bone marrow and aggregate into tumor masses in skeletal system
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Hairy Cell Leukemia - (correct answer) -Neoplastic proliferation of mature B cells
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characterized by hairy cytoplasmic processes
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autologous - (correct answer) -originating within an individual jl jl jl jl jl jl jl




allogenic - (correct answer) -originating within another jl jl jl jl jl jl




Transfusion reactions involve RBC destruction caused by - (correct answer) -recipient jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl



antibodies
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Red blood cells have no - (correct answer) -cytoplasmic organelles
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Iron deficiency has low - (correct answer) -MCHC, MCH, and MCV
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