PLSC 1- Exam 1 Questions and Correct Answers Graded A+ (Already Passed)

PLSC 1- Exam 1 Questions and Correct Answers Graded A+ (Already Passed) Politics - Answers conflict over which policies are promulgated and who has the power to do it Why is politics necessary? - Answers because we live in a world of scarce resources and divergent preferences government - Answers the institution or set of institutions that make official decisions about a nation's affairs and have the authority to put them in effect representation - Answers an arrangement in which citizens select individuals to express their views when decisions are made Why did Thomas Hobbes believe government to be necessary? - Answers "anarchy was worse than potential tyranny" Why did John Locke believe government to be necessary? - Answers to promote "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness" autocracy - Answers a single individual rules Oligarchy - Answers rule by a few Democracy - Answers permits citizens to play significant role in government through selection of key public officials constitutional government - Answers establishes specific limits on the power of gov Authoritarian Government - Answers government power is not limited by law, may be restricted by other social institutions totalitarian government - Answers government power is not limited by law and in which gov seeks to eliminate other social institutions that might change it public good - Answers a benefit that no member of a group can be prevented from enjoying once it has been provided name an example of a public good - Answers the national defense coordination problem - Answers a situation in which two or more people are all better off if they coordinate on a common course of action, but there is more than one possible course of action to take principal-agent problem - Answers a problem caused by an agent pursuing his own interests rather than the interests of the principal who hired him condorcet's paradox - Answers cycling, no winner preference were such that there is no clear majority Prisoner's Dilemma - Answers a game in which pursuing dominant strategies results in noncooperation that leaves everyone worse off free rider problem - Answers The problem faced by unions and other groups when people do not join because they can benefit from the group's activities without officially joining. The bigger the group, the more serious the problem. tradgedy of the commons - Answers the tendency of a shared, limited resource to become depleted because people act from self-interest for short-term gain how do we solve collective agreement problems? - Answers e people's incentives e institutions that guarantee agreements are honored ate to a leader/small group coordination problems - Answers people want same thing but communication is laking how is the government organized to facilitate collective action problems? - Answers checks and balances? what are the different types of collective agreement problems? - Answers coordination, principal agent, Condorcet's paradox, prisoner's dilemma, free rider, tragedy of the commons home rule - Answers power delegated by the state to a local unit of government to manage its own affairs Articles of Confederation - Answers the first written constitution of the United States Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? - Answers too weak, central gov didn't have enough power to levy taxes, execution and interpretation up to the states Virginia Plan - Answers drafted by James Madison, system of rep based on population of each state New Jersey Plan - Answers drafted by William Patterson, states equally represented the Great Compromise - Answers agreement providing a dual system of congressional representation. House of representatives = state represented in proportion to population. Senate = equal representation for all states what were colonial constitutions like? - Answers written, representation based on consent, bicameral legislatures, must own property to vote, weak executives Effects of Shay's Rebellion - Answers -leaders called for a meeting in order to revise the AOC -led to the Annapolis Convention Sugar Act - Answers wine, coffee, tea, sugar first time colonist get mad @ england currency act - Answers declared the colonies couldn't issue money any longer stamp act - Answers tax on British materials, 1st direct tax by Parliment Federalists - Answers those who favor a strong national government and supported the constitution proposed at the constitutional convention of 1787 Antifederalists - Answers those who favored strong state governments and a weak central government. opponents of the constitution proposed at the constitutional convention of 1787 Federalist #10 - Answers factions tend to pursue selfish aims contrary to the rights of others or the public interests. solution: fragmentation of authority and institutional and social pluralism Federalist #51 - Answers Argued that separation of powers within the national government is the best way to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of one person or a single group. Antifederalist #1 - Answers national government will be too powerful, necessary and proper clause = too broad, US is too large and diverse for single government, politicians will abuse their power requirements for house of representatives - Answers 25 years old, citizen for 7 years, live in state represented