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ASBOG FG Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
A plunging anticline will show closure in an outcrop pattern. In which direction does
the anticline plunge with respect to the closure? - ✔✔A plunging anticline is plunging
in ht direction of closure.
What can be inferred from a borehole log indicating a repetition of beds? - ✔✔A
repetition of beds in cross section indicates fault movement in which the hanging wall
has moved up with respect to the foot wall (reserve faulting).
Are slickensides indicative of faulting? - ✔✔The presence of slickensides may indicate
faulting but this feature also results from non-fault related movement in clays, such as
shrinking and swelling.
What type of geologic feature might you expect from a mapped outcrop pattern that
consists of a series of series of concentric circular shapes? - ✔✔1. Horizontal beds
mapped on a rounded hilltop. 2. Horizontal beds mapped in an enclosed basin. 3. An
intrusion with bands of contact metamorphism of varying degrees.
Chert is found commonly in the Coast Ranges Province of California. What is its
depositional environment and how is it formed? - ✔✔Chert originates in shallow sea
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
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water. Some cherts result from the enrichment of silica in the sea water from volcanic
rocks. They also may form by the accumulation of silicious skeletons of silica secreting
organisms.
According to the Unified Soil Classification System, gravels have a grain size greater
than what diameter? - ✔✔gravel: >No. 4 sieve or 4.76 mm
When observing cross-bedded sandstones, how do you know where the top of the beds
are? - ✔✔Unit is right side up when cross-bedding is concave up.
What type of geologic units would constitute a "key bed"? - ✔✔Key beds are layers that
have been deposited simultaneously over large areas. Volcanic ash, beds rich in fish
scales, oysters or corals.
What type of fault might be represented by juxtaposition in map view of noncontiguous
sedimentary formations. - ✔✔Sedimentary formations that do not occur next to each
other may be moved laterally by strike slip faults.
Name and define the 4 various different types of unconformities? - ✔✔Angular
unconformity: strata below the unconformity are cut off and overlain at an angle by the
beds above.
Nonconformity: sedimentary deposits rest upon older igneous or metamorphic rocks.
Disconformity: beds above and below unconformity are parallel, but unconformity not
parallel to bedding.
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
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Paraconformity: unconformity is parallel to the strata above and below it.
How can the "rules of V's" be used on a map with no topography? - ✔✔In using the rule
of V's to interpret direction of dip on a map with no topography you must first look at
the V's downstream, since V downstream is always dip downstream. When interpreting
V's upstream you must observe the quality of the V. Shallow V's mean dip upstream
and ac the V's get deeper it passes from horizontal bedding to a dip downstream less
than the valley gradient.
Define foot wall and hanging wall - ✔✔Foot wall - block that underlies a non-vertical
fault.
Hanging wall - block that overlies a non-vertical fault
What is a regressive sequence? - ✔✔Regression is the withdrawal of the sea from land.
A regression is represented by limestone overlain by shale overlain by sandstone.
What is the order of deposition of evaporites? - ✔✔Order of Deposition
calcium carbonate - calcite
calcium sulfate - gypsum or anhydrite
sodium chloride - halite
magnesium sulfates and chlorates
sodium bromide and potassium chloride
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
ASBOG FG Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
A plunging anticline will show closure in an outcrop pattern. In which direction does
the anticline plunge with respect to the closure? - ✔✔A plunging anticline is plunging
in ht direction of closure.
What can be inferred from a borehole log indicating a repetition of beds? - ✔✔A
repetition of beds in cross section indicates fault movement in which the hanging wall
has moved up with respect to the foot wall (reserve faulting).
Are slickensides indicative of faulting? - ✔✔The presence of slickensides may indicate
faulting but this feature also results from non-fault related movement in clays, such as
shrinking and swelling.
What type of geologic feature might you expect from a mapped outcrop pattern that
consists of a series of series of concentric circular shapes? - ✔✔1. Horizontal beds
mapped on a rounded hilltop. 2. Horizontal beds mapped in an enclosed basin. 3. An
intrusion with bands of contact metamorphism of varying degrees.
Chert is found commonly in the Coast Ranges Province of California. What is its
depositional environment and how is it formed? - ✔✔Chert originates in shallow sea
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
,2|Page
water. Some cherts result from the enrichment of silica in the sea water from volcanic
rocks. They also may form by the accumulation of silicious skeletons of silica secreting
organisms.
According to the Unified Soil Classification System, gravels have a grain size greater
than what diameter? - ✔✔gravel: >No. 4 sieve or 4.76 mm
When observing cross-bedded sandstones, how do you know where the top of the beds
are? - ✔✔Unit is right side up when cross-bedding is concave up.
What type of geologic units would constitute a "key bed"? - ✔✔Key beds are layers that
have been deposited simultaneously over large areas. Volcanic ash, beds rich in fish
scales, oysters or corals.
What type of fault might be represented by juxtaposition in map view of noncontiguous
sedimentary formations. - ✔✔Sedimentary formations that do not occur next to each
other may be moved laterally by strike slip faults.
Name and define the 4 various different types of unconformities? - ✔✔Angular
unconformity: strata below the unconformity are cut off and overlain at an angle by the
beds above.
Nonconformity: sedimentary deposits rest upon older igneous or metamorphic rocks.
Disconformity: beds above and below unconformity are parallel, but unconformity not
parallel to bedding.
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
, 3|Page
Paraconformity: unconformity is parallel to the strata above and below it.
How can the "rules of V's" be used on a map with no topography? - ✔✔In using the rule
of V's to interpret direction of dip on a map with no topography you must first look at
the V's downstream, since V downstream is always dip downstream. When interpreting
V's upstream you must observe the quality of the V. Shallow V's mean dip upstream
and ac the V's get deeper it passes from horizontal bedding to a dip downstream less
than the valley gradient.
Define foot wall and hanging wall - ✔✔Foot wall - block that underlies a non-vertical
fault.
Hanging wall - block that overlies a non-vertical fault
What is a regressive sequence? - ✔✔Regression is the withdrawal of the sea from land.
A regression is represented by limestone overlain by shale overlain by sandstone.
What is the order of deposition of evaporites? - ✔✔Order of Deposition
calcium carbonate - calcite
calcium sulfate - gypsum or anhydrite
sodium chloride - halite
magnesium sulfates and chlorates
sodium bromide and potassium chloride
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
