BIOD 152 FINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATED 2024 QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED ANSWERS
Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters.
The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in
secretory vesicles at the end of axon terminals
An efferent neuron carries information:
A. From the central to the peripheral nervous system
B. From the peripheral to the central nervous system
C. Within the central nervous system
D. Within the peripheral nervous system
A. From the central to the peripheral nervous system
A postsynaptic neuron would be found:
A. before the synapse
B. after the synapse
C. inside the synapse
D. Only in the central nervous system
B. after the synapse
What is the location and function of Satellite cells?
Location: peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Function: Regulation of environment of neuron cell bodies
A patient's spinal cord was severed in a car accident. Would the patient be
expected to regrow axons in their spinal cord? Why or why not?
No, only the peripheral system axons are capable of regeneration. The spinal cord
is the central nervous system
Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in
section 4 of the diagram. Include the charge of the membrane during this
phase.
,This is phase 4: afterpolarization (hyperpolarization), the potassium gates are
slow to clse and that results in an undershoot of the potential, the voltage will
drop below -70mV and the return to the restign state beings.
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
A. -70 mV
B. +40 mV
C. Hyperpolarized
D. Depolarized
A. -70 mV
This is a bundle of axons found in the peripheral nervous system.
Nerve
This part of the autonomic system increases digestion.
Parasympathetic
The dorsal root of a nerve contains what type of neurons?
Sensory (afferent)
This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Axon
A neuron going to the bicep of the forearm is part of the:
A. central nervous system
B. peripheral nervous system
C. Autonomic system
D. Somatic system
E. A&C
F. B&D
F. B&D
The neuron pictured, below, is best described as:
A. Bipolar
B. Multipolar
C. Unipolar
D. Pseudounipolar
,B. Multipolar
True or false: Neurons do not physically touch one another.
True
Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
A. it maintains the resting phase of an axon
B. For every three sodium ions pumped out, two potassium ions are pumped
in
C. it must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting state
D. The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane
D. The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane
True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This
means that the strength of the action potential is greater than usual. Explain
your reasoning
False, there is no variation in the strength of action potentials. (It is an all-or-
nothing response). There is variation in the number and frequency of neurons
firing
Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular
junction?
A. Sodium ions release from the presynaptic motor neuron
B. Calcium ions release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to cause muscle
contraction
C. Sodium channels open on the muscle fibers in response to the
neurotransmitter
D. The NMJ is found in the peripheral nervous system
A. Sodium ions release from the presynaptic motor neuron
What prevents continuous stimulation of a nerve synapse and how is this
accomplished?
, The short extension of neurotransmitters in the synpase prevents coninous
stimulation. Some synapses contain enzymes that rapidly inactivate
neurotransmitters and other synpases rapidly absord the neurotransmitters.
What neurotransmitter is found at the neuromuscular junctions?
Acetylcholine (ACh)
True or False: Action potentials travel in multiple directions within the same
neuron.
False (only one direction in the same neuron)
True or False: Reflexes occur only with conscious intervention from the
brain
False
Fill in the blank: In a reflex, the ____________ neuron conducts nerve
impulses along a pathway towards the central nervous system.
sensory (afferent)
Where is the integration center of a reflex located?
CNS (central nervous system)
Which of the following is false about reflexes?
A. Reflexes do not require higher levels of voluntary processing from the
brain
B.Regulation of blood sugar by hormones is one example of a reflex
C. Some reflexes can be tested to determine injury
D. Pulling a hand away from a hot flame is not a reflex; it is entirely
voluntary
D. Pulling a hand away from a hot flame is not a reflex; it is entirely voluntary
What is false about the stretch reflex?
A. the effect of the motor signal is to relax a muscle
B. The patellar reflex test the stretch reflex of the quadriceps femoris
C. The muscle is spindle detects stretch within the muscle
D. Stretch reflexes help to decrease the stretch on a muscle
A. The effect of the motor signal is to relax a muscle
DETAILED ANSWERS
Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters.
The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in
secretory vesicles at the end of axon terminals
An efferent neuron carries information:
A. From the central to the peripheral nervous system
B. From the peripheral to the central nervous system
C. Within the central nervous system
D. Within the peripheral nervous system
A. From the central to the peripheral nervous system
A postsynaptic neuron would be found:
A. before the synapse
B. after the synapse
C. inside the synapse
D. Only in the central nervous system
B. after the synapse
What is the location and function of Satellite cells?
Location: peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Function: Regulation of environment of neuron cell bodies
A patient's spinal cord was severed in a car accident. Would the patient be
expected to regrow axons in their spinal cord? Why or why not?
No, only the peripheral system axons are capable of regeneration. The spinal cord
is the central nervous system
Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in
section 4 of the diagram. Include the charge of the membrane during this
phase.
,This is phase 4: afterpolarization (hyperpolarization), the potassium gates are
slow to clse and that results in an undershoot of the potential, the voltage will
drop below -70mV and the return to the restign state beings.
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
A. -70 mV
B. +40 mV
C. Hyperpolarized
D. Depolarized
A. -70 mV
This is a bundle of axons found in the peripheral nervous system.
Nerve
This part of the autonomic system increases digestion.
Parasympathetic
The dorsal root of a nerve contains what type of neurons?
Sensory (afferent)
This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Axon
A neuron going to the bicep of the forearm is part of the:
A. central nervous system
B. peripheral nervous system
C. Autonomic system
D. Somatic system
E. A&C
F. B&D
F. B&D
The neuron pictured, below, is best described as:
A. Bipolar
B. Multipolar
C. Unipolar
D. Pseudounipolar
,B. Multipolar
True or false: Neurons do not physically touch one another.
True
Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
A. it maintains the resting phase of an axon
B. For every three sodium ions pumped out, two potassium ions are pumped
in
C. it must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting state
D. The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane
D. The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane
True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This
means that the strength of the action potential is greater than usual. Explain
your reasoning
False, there is no variation in the strength of action potentials. (It is an all-or-
nothing response). There is variation in the number and frequency of neurons
firing
Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular
junction?
A. Sodium ions release from the presynaptic motor neuron
B. Calcium ions release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to cause muscle
contraction
C. Sodium channels open on the muscle fibers in response to the
neurotransmitter
D. The NMJ is found in the peripheral nervous system
A. Sodium ions release from the presynaptic motor neuron
What prevents continuous stimulation of a nerve synapse and how is this
accomplished?
, The short extension of neurotransmitters in the synpase prevents coninous
stimulation. Some synapses contain enzymes that rapidly inactivate
neurotransmitters and other synpases rapidly absord the neurotransmitters.
What neurotransmitter is found at the neuromuscular junctions?
Acetylcholine (ACh)
True or False: Action potentials travel in multiple directions within the same
neuron.
False (only one direction in the same neuron)
True or False: Reflexes occur only with conscious intervention from the
brain
False
Fill in the blank: In a reflex, the ____________ neuron conducts nerve
impulses along a pathway towards the central nervous system.
sensory (afferent)
Where is the integration center of a reflex located?
CNS (central nervous system)
Which of the following is false about reflexes?
A. Reflexes do not require higher levels of voluntary processing from the
brain
B.Regulation of blood sugar by hormones is one example of a reflex
C. Some reflexes can be tested to determine injury
D. Pulling a hand away from a hot flame is not a reflex; it is entirely
voluntary
D. Pulling a hand away from a hot flame is not a reflex; it is entirely voluntary
What is false about the stretch reflex?
A. the effect of the motor signal is to relax a muscle
B. The patellar reflex test the stretch reflex of the quadriceps femoris
C. The muscle is spindle detects stretch within the muscle
D. Stretch reflexes help to decrease the stretch on a muscle
A. The effect of the motor signal is to relax a muscle
