NYSTCE ELA CST Study Guide Exam Questions and Verified Answer
1. Misplaced modifier: a word or phrase apparently modifying an unintended word because
of its placement in a sentence: e.g., 'when young' in 'when young, circuses appeal to all of us'
2. assonance: the repetition of similar vowels in the stressed syllables of successive words
3. parallel structure: the repetition of phrases, clauses, or sentences that have the same
grammatical structure
4. dissonance: Harsh, inharmonious, or discordant sounds
5. Perlocution: The effects of something said. (I say, "it's hot" and someone opens a
window).
6. blank verse: unrhymed verse (usually in iambic pentameter)
7. iambic pentemeter: lines that ideally have five stressed and five unstressed syllables
8. logos: an appeal based on logic or reason
9. pathos: quality in drama, speech, literature, music, or events that arouses a feeling of
pity or sadness
10. ethos: The appeal of a text to the credibility and character of the speaker, writer, or
narrator
11. topos: suggests settings, characters, and themes that appear and reappear in literature.
Flood, for instance, is a common theme in literature
12. enjambments: When a line continues into the next without punctuation or break
13. meters: organizing patterns of rhythmic pulses
14. apostrophes: someone, some abstract quality, or a nonexistent personage is directly
addressed as though present
15. perfect rhyme: Rhymes involving sound that are exactly the same (ex: love, dove)
16. slant rhyme: rhyme in which the vowel sounds are nearly, but not exactly the same (i.e.
the words "stress" and "kiss"); sometimes called half-rhyme, near rhyme, or partial rhyme
17. prosaic style: having characteristics of a prose narrative, as opposed to poetical style and
structure.
18. morpheme: in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part
of a word (such as a prefix)
19. syllogism: a three-part deductive argument in which a conclusion is based on a major
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, premise and a minor premise ("All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore, Socrates is
mortal.")
20. trochaic hexameter: (stressed, unstressed) x 6
21. dactylic heptameter: (stressed, unstressed, unstressed) X 7
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1. Misplaced modifier: a word or phrase apparently modifying an unintended word because
of its placement in a sentence: e.g., 'when young' in 'when young, circuses appeal to all of us'
2. assonance: the repetition of similar vowels in the stressed syllables of successive words
3. parallel structure: the repetition of phrases, clauses, or sentences that have the same
grammatical structure
4. dissonance: Harsh, inharmonious, or discordant sounds
5. Perlocution: The effects of something said. (I say, "it's hot" and someone opens a
window).
6. blank verse: unrhymed verse (usually in iambic pentameter)
7. iambic pentemeter: lines that ideally have five stressed and five unstressed syllables
8. logos: an appeal based on logic or reason
9. pathos: quality in drama, speech, literature, music, or events that arouses a feeling of
pity or sadness
10. ethos: The appeal of a text to the credibility and character of the speaker, writer, or
narrator
11. topos: suggests settings, characters, and themes that appear and reappear in literature.
Flood, for instance, is a common theme in literature
12. enjambments: When a line continues into the next without punctuation or break
13. meters: organizing patterns of rhythmic pulses
14. apostrophes: someone, some abstract quality, or a nonexistent personage is directly
addressed as though present
15. perfect rhyme: Rhymes involving sound that are exactly the same (ex: love, dove)
16. slant rhyme: rhyme in which the vowel sounds are nearly, but not exactly the same (i.e.
the words "stress" and "kiss"); sometimes called half-rhyme, near rhyme, or partial rhyme
17. prosaic style: having characteristics of a prose narrative, as opposed to poetical style and
structure.
18. morpheme: in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part
of a word (such as a prefix)
19. syllogism: a three-part deductive argument in which a conclusion is based on a major
1/5
, premise and a minor premise ("All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore, Socrates is
mortal.")
20. trochaic hexameter: (stressed, unstressed) x 6
21. dactylic heptameter: (stressed, unstressed, unstressed) X 7
2/5
