©FYNDLAY.
SPHG 352 Exam 1 Study Guide.
Describe a well-functioning health system - Answers✔IMPROVES health status
DEFENDS population against health threats
PROTECTS people against financial consequences of illness
PROVIDES equitable access
PEOPLE CAN PARTICIPATE in decisions affecting their health
what is a health system? functions? - Answers✔WHO definition:
the sum total of all the organizations, institutions, and resources whose primary purpose is to
promote, restore, maintain or improve health.
- improving health of the population they serve
- responding to people's expectations
- providing financial protection against costs of ill-health
- needs staff, funds, information, supplies, transport, communications, overall guidance
- needs to provide services that are responsive & financially fair, while treating people decently
institute of medicine definiton of public health - Answers✔ph is what we as a society do
collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy
public health infrastructure pyramid - Answers✔TOP: public health response. bioterrorism,
emerging infections, other PH needs/priorities
MIDDLE: assessment, policy development, assurance (capacity for essential public health
services)
BOTTOM: information systems, workforce, organizational capacity (basic infrastructure)
why is there not a US public health system? - Answers✔there is not a unified system in the US.
instead, there are multiple "systems" that interact to greater & lesser degrees.
1
, ©FYNDLAY.
both public and private elements
not-for-profit and for-profit
financed by governmental and non-governmental sources
degree of integration of public health and health systems is questionable
some ppl have difficulties accessing needed services
public health system does not equal health services, which does not equal health care
examples of who the "players" are in the public health system - Answers✔health care providers,
employers, community centers, police, ems, schools, health dept, lab facilities
basic public health infrastructure components - Answers✔information systems
workforce
organizational capacity
the new essential public health services... - Answers✔replaced the middle with EQUITY instead
of RESEARCH. the new services enable optimal health for all. replaces the middle with equity.
WHO's six building blocks and key components of a well-functioning health system: -
Answers✔service delivery
health workforce
health information systems
access to essential medicines
financing
leadership/governance
what will the six building blocks contribute to? - Answers✔improved health
social and financial risk protection
improved efficiency
responsiveness
what's required to get a well-functioning system? - Answers✔systems thinking. "the responses of
many health systems so far have been generally considered inadequate and naive... a system's
failure req a systems solution - not a temporary remedy"
2
, ©FYNDLAY.
most systems are... - Answers✔self-organizing
constantly changing
tightly linked
governed by feedback
non-linear
history dependent
counter-intuitive
resistant to change
the ten steps to systems thinking - Answers✔intervention design
- convene stakeholders
- collectively brainstorm
- conceptualize effects
- adapt and redesign
evaluation design
- determine indicators
- choose methods
- select evaluation design
- develop a plan and timeline
- set a budget
- source funding
social ecological framework - Answers✔this isn't a theory, but instead a model for theoretical
applications.
systems thinking informs the social ecological framework:
- individual characteristics
interpersonal connections
-living and working conditions
- regional/national/global systems
3
SPHG 352 Exam 1 Study Guide.
Describe a well-functioning health system - Answers✔IMPROVES health status
DEFENDS population against health threats
PROTECTS people against financial consequences of illness
PROVIDES equitable access
PEOPLE CAN PARTICIPATE in decisions affecting their health
what is a health system? functions? - Answers✔WHO definition:
the sum total of all the organizations, institutions, and resources whose primary purpose is to
promote, restore, maintain or improve health.
- improving health of the population they serve
- responding to people's expectations
- providing financial protection against costs of ill-health
- needs staff, funds, information, supplies, transport, communications, overall guidance
- needs to provide services that are responsive & financially fair, while treating people decently
institute of medicine definiton of public health - Answers✔ph is what we as a society do
collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy
public health infrastructure pyramid - Answers✔TOP: public health response. bioterrorism,
emerging infections, other PH needs/priorities
MIDDLE: assessment, policy development, assurance (capacity for essential public health
services)
BOTTOM: information systems, workforce, organizational capacity (basic infrastructure)
why is there not a US public health system? - Answers✔there is not a unified system in the US.
instead, there are multiple "systems" that interact to greater & lesser degrees.
1
, ©FYNDLAY.
both public and private elements
not-for-profit and for-profit
financed by governmental and non-governmental sources
degree of integration of public health and health systems is questionable
some ppl have difficulties accessing needed services
public health system does not equal health services, which does not equal health care
examples of who the "players" are in the public health system - Answers✔health care providers,
employers, community centers, police, ems, schools, health dept, lab facilities
basic public health infrastructure components - Answers✔information systems
workforce
organizational capacity
the new essential public health services... - Answers✔replaced the middle with EQUITY instead
of RESEARCH. the new services enable optimal health for all. replaces the middle with equity.
WHO's six building blocks and key components of a well-functioning health system: -
Answers✔service delivery
health workforce
health information systems
access to essential medicines
financing
leadership/governance
what will the six building blocks contribute to? - Answers✔improved health
social and financial risk protection
improved efficiency
responsiveness
what's required to get a well-functioning system? - Answers✔systems thinking. "the responses of
many health systems so far have been generally considered inadequate and naive... a system's
failure req a systems solution - not a temporary remedy"
2
, ©FYNDLAY.
most systems are... - Answers✔self-organizing
constantly changing
tightly linked
governed by feedback
non-linear
history dependent
counter-intuitive
resistant to change
the ten steps to systems thinking - Answers✔intervention design
- convene stakeholders
- collectively brainstorm
- conceptualize effects
- adapt and redesign
evaluation design
- determine indicators
- choose methods
- select evaluation design
- develop a plan and timeline
- set a budget
- source funding
social ecological framework - Answers✔this isn't a theory, but instead a model for theoretical
applications.
systems thinking informs the social ecological framework:
- individual characteristics
interpersonal connections
-living and working conditions
- regional/national/global systems
3
