ENV320 Final Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Version (100% Pass)

ENV320 Final Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Version (100% Pass) Federal Legislative Jurisdiction - Answers Trade, Navigation & Shipping; Sea coast and Inland Fisheries; Indians and Reserve Land; International Treaties; Defense and Foreign Relations Public Property section 91(1a), 2 Fisheries, marine and freshwater 91(12) Navigation and shipping 91(10) Criminal law 91(27) Indians, and lands reserved for the Indians 91(24) Marine Pollution & Interprovincial Water Pollution Boundary Waters and Migratory Birds Provincial/Territorial Jurisdiction - Answers Most Natural Resources (forestry, electrical energy), Wildlife, Land-sale of public lands Municipal institutions in the province- Zoning, Development, Waste Management & Recycling, Drinking Water and Wastewater Property and Civil Rights- federal government is limited, provincial governments have a lot of control Provincial environmental policies- patchwork of 10 distinct provincial variants than a national environmental policy Regulate business and industrial activities and emissions from them What did the BNA do? - Answers Gave many important power to provinces Concurrent powers: sharing control between provincial and federal levels of government Canadian Constitution and the Environment - Answers Canadas constitution doesn't list the environment as subject matter specifically assigned to one level of government or the other Some can be regulated by federal, some provincial, or both work together Shared Federal and Provincial Jurisdiction over Environmental Issues - Answers Water: fishing, shipping, and navigation, rivers and lakes in the province, oceans, drinking water, and waste water Land: terrestrial protected areas, wildlife and species at risk, waste management, nuclear activities Air: industrial emissions, toxic substance, international air pollution, GHG and climate change David Suzuki - Answers Blue Dot campaign 2014 Right to a healthy environment, recognized by all levels of government and enshrined in Canadian Charter or Rights and Freedoms What kinds of things do the courts do? - Answers Constitutional, government actions (administrative law), ruling on civil action Where does environmental policy come from? - Answers From the legislation form the House of Commons and the senate (Parliament) What does the Department of Fisheries and Oceans do? - Answers Administers fish and fish habitat, protection, species at risk, marine planning and conservation What does the department Natural Resources Canada do? - Answers Provides clean energy technology police, geoscience for sustainable development of natural resources, & other initiatives on greening the company What does the department Transport Canada do? - Answers Program for climate change & clean air, environmental stewardship of entertainment Describe Québec's relationship with the federal government - Answers Federal government is hesitant to intrude on Québec, separatist sentiment, made progressive policies at provincial level Relationship is different form the rest of the country and Québec rests federal initiatives Describe the relationship between provinces and the federal government - Answers Provinces have their own policies for regulation of water (and natural resources) Provinces don't like any federal interference, rejects any kind of national policy A lot of federal and provincial jurisdictional tensions Describe the relationship between Indigenous peoples and federal government - Answers Indigenous people are big stakeholders and activists What are the vehicles of policy change - Answers 5 primary factors : 1. the economy 2. politics and government structure 3. ideology 4. social movements 5. history What political parties best promote environmental issues? - Answers Green Party; NDP; Liberal (left is more concerned with economy but not as much with the environment; liberal is more concerned with regulation) What do business groups lobby provincial and federal governments for concerning environmental policy outcomes? - Answers They want environmental regulations to be business friendly They claim environmental policies hasn't been based on science and hasn't been studied enough Suggest there will be job losses Threats to move their businesses out of Canada Regulation will cause negative economic impacts What are the 5 stages of the policy process? - Answers Agenda setting formulation legitimization implementation evaluation What are 3 forms of policy instruments or tools for compliance? - Answers 1. voluntary/outreach/education ex: reducing bottled water consumption and providing the public with information about water quality 2. economic ex: carbon tax, getting the individual to reduce consumption 3. regulatory ex: putting bands and limits on things to control behavior What is the most effective policy instrument? - Answers Describe environmental policy making in the territories vs the provinces - Answers Territories can make their own environmental policy but only for land not owned by the federal government or not co managed by the Inuit Territories have: - less land control, less power - the federal gov. owns all natural resources and land - larger input from Indigenous groups Federal government has more control in territories than in provinces What re the 4 eras of Indigenous peoples and environmentalism - Answers 1. First Era () Contact and Treaties 2. Second Era () Parliamentary Laws 3. Third Era (1973-present) Supreme Court Cases and Inuit Land Claims 4. Fourth Era (1991-present) Reconciliation What are some major legislations concerning Indigenous peoples in Canada? - Answers Royal Proclamation of 1763 the BNA Act 1867 Indian Act 1876 the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms 1982 Major Supreme Court cases concerning Indigenous peoples and environmental policy What were different interpretations of historic treaties? - Answers For indigenous people-