CHEMISTRY- 9.7 Ions: Electron Configuration-
STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% CORRECT SOLUTIONS
Ion - ✔✔Atom or group of atoms with lost or gained electrons.
Anion - ✔✔Negatively charged ion formed by gaining electrons.
Cation - ✔✔Positively charged ion formed by losing electrons.
Electron Configuration - ✔✔Distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals.
Main-group Ion - ✔✔Ion derived from main-group elements.
Transition Metal Cation - ✔✔Cation formed from transition metals, unique electron removal.
4s Orbital - ✔✔Lowest energy orbital filled before 3d in neutral atoms.
3d Orbital - ✔✔Higher energy orbital filled after 4s in neutral atoms.
Ionization Energy - ✔✔Energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
Ionic Radii - ✔✔Size of an ion in a crystal lattice.
Paramagnetic - ✔✔Substance with unpaired electrons, attracted to magnetic fields.
Diamagnetic - ✔✔Substance with all paired electrons, repelled by magnetic fields.
, Stern-Gerlach Experiment - ✔✔Demonstrated electron spin using silver atoms and magnetic
fields.
Electron Removal Order - ✔✔Order of electron loss during ionization differs for transition
metals.
Nuclear Charge - ✔✔Total charge of the nucleus, affects electron energy levels.
Energy Level Shift - ✔✔Change in energy levels of electrons in cations.
Electron Configuration of Fluoride - ✔✔Fluoride ion has additional electrons compared to
neutral fluorine.
Electron Configuration of Lithium Ion - ✔✔Lithium ion has fewer electrons than neutral
lithium.
Unpaired Electron - ✔✔Electron that does not have a paired counterpart.
Magnetic Field Attraction - ✔✔Attraction of paramagnetic substances to external magnetic
fields.
Electron Configuration Stability - ✔✔Certain configurations are lower in energy for transition
metals.
Zinc Atom - ✔✔A neutral atom with 30 electrons.
Zinc Ion - ✔✔A cation formed by losing electrons.
STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% CORRECT SOLUTIONS
Ion - ✔✔Atom or group of atoms with lost or gained electrons.
Anion - ✔✔Negatively charged ion formed by gaining electrons.
Cation - ✔✔Positively charged ion formed by losing electrons.
Electron Configuration - ✔✔Distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals.
Main-group Ion - ✔✔Ion derived from main-group elements.
Transition Metal Cation - ✔✔Cation formed from transition metals, unique electron removal.
4s Orbital - ✔✔Lowest energy orbital filled before 3d in neutral atoms.
3d Orbital - ✔✔Higher energy orbital filled after 4s in neutral atoms.
Ionization Energy - ✔✔Energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
Ionic Radii - ✔✔Size of an ion in a crystal lattice.
Paramagnetic - ✔✔Substance with unpaired electrons, attracted to magnetic fields.
Diamagnetic - ✔✔Substance with all paired electrons, repelled by magnetic fields.
, Stern-Gerlach Experiment - ✔✔Demonstrated electron spin using silver atoms and magnetic
fields.
Electron Removal Order - ✔✔Order of electron loss during ionization differs for transition
metals.
Nuclear Charge - ✔✔Total charge of the nucleus, affects electron energy levels.
Energy Level Shift - ✔✔Change in energy levels of electrons in cations.
Electron Configuration of Fluoride - ✔✔Fluoride ion has additional electrons compared to
neutral fluorine.
Electron Configuration of Lithium Ion - ✔✔Lithium ion has fewer electrons than neutral
lithium.
Unpaired Electron - ✔✔Electron that does not have a paired counterpart.
Magnetic Field Attraction - ✔✔Attraction of paramagnetic substances to external magnetic
fields.
Electron Configuration Stability - ✔✔Certain configurations are lower in energy for transition
metals.
Zinc Atom - ✔✔A neutral atom with 30 electrons.
Zinc Ion - ✔✔A cation formed by losing electrons.
