Patient Assessment chapter 7 & 8 Certification Review Exam Questions And Answers Verified Solutions.

What are the 3 common ways to take x-rays? - correct answer -posteroanterior (PA) -anteropostererior (AP) -lateral decubitus When the patient is seriously ill OR immobilized, an upright radiograph may not be possible. I such cases, a spine ________ (___) radiograph is obtained at the patients bed side - correct answer anteroposterior (AP) the ________ _______ radiograph is useful in the diagnosis of a suspected or known fluid accumulation in the pleural space. - correct answer lateral decubitus the act of becoming solid; commonly used to describe the solidification of the lung caused by pathologic engorgement of the alveoli, as occurs in acute pneumonia - correct answer consolidation dense areas that appear white on the radiograph; the opposite of radiolucency - correct answer radiodensity permitting the passage of light (or in this case, x-rays); commonly used to descried darker areas of the radiograph - correct answer translucent (translucency) the state of being radiolucent; the property of being partly or wholly permeable to x-rays; commonly used to describe darker areas on a radiograph such as an emphysematous lung or pneumothorax - correct answer radiolucency the ______ radiograph is obtained by having the patient stand (or sit) in the upright position. - correct answer posteroanterior ______ angels of the ribs will be different if fluid is present. - correct answer costophrenic ______ should appear as a translucent column overlying the vertebral column - correct answer trachea the width of the heart should be less than ____% of the width of the thorax. - correct answer 50 ______ has a dome - shaped contour - correct answer diaphragms if you have COPD and diseases that cause gas or fluid to accumulate in the pleural space, what happens to the diaphragm? - correct answer it is flattened and depresses the normal curvature of the diaphragm the right side of the diaphragm is higher due to ? - correct answer the liver what does CT stand for? - correct answer computed tomography _____ scanner is an X-ray tube which rotates in a continuous 360 degree motion around the patient to image their body in sections - correct answer CT up to 250 images about 1mm apart, can be generated on a chest CT scan. These "cuts" are often called _____ _____ _____ _____ (____) also called spiral, volume, or helical scans. - correct answer high resolution CT scans (HRCT) the ______ _____ _____ (_____) scan shows both the anatomic structures and the metabolic activity of the tissues and organs scanned - correct answer positron emission tomography (PET) the dark spots are commonly referred to as "hot spots". the presents of a hot spot on a (___) scan is likely to confirm a rapidly growing tumor. - correct answer (PET) ________uses magnetic resonance as its source of energy to take cross sectional (transverse, sagittal or coronal) images of the body. it uses no ionizing radiation. the patient is places in the cylinder imager, and the body part in question is exposed to a magnetic field and radiowave transmission. - correct answer MRI what does MRI stand for? - correct answer Magnetic resonance imaging A MRI is superior to what? - correct answer CT because the magnetic because resonance imager generates an intense _____ field, objects made of ferromagnetic material are strongly attracted to it. - correct answer magnetic A _______ - _______ ______ can be used in determining the presence of a pulmonary embolism - correct answer ventilation - perfusion scan The _____ - _____ scan is obtained by injecting small particles of albumin, called macroaggregates, tagged with a radioactive material such as iodine - 131 or technetium-99m. in addition to pulmonary embolia ______ - _____ scan defect ( white of light areas) may be caused by lung abscess. lung compression, loss of the pulmonary vascular system, atelectasis or alveolar consolidation. - correct answer ventilation - perfusion scan ________ is a technique by which x-ray motion pictures are taken of the chest. - as in the assessment of abnormal diaphragmatic movement - correct answer fluoroscopy ______ entails the instillation of a radiopaque material into the lumen of the tracheobronchial tree. A chest radiograph is then taken, providing a film called a _____. - correct answer bronchography, bronchogram clinically, the standard radiograph of the chest includes which of the following: 1. anteroposterior radiograph 2. lateral decubitis radiograph 3. lateral radiograph 4. posteranterior radiograph - correct answer 3 and 4 only ( lateral , posteroanterior radiograph) compared with the posteroanterior radiograph, the anteroposterior radiograph: 1. magnifies the heart 2. is usually more distorted 3. frequently appears more hazy 4. often has extraneos shadows - correct answer 1,2,3,4 to view the right lung and heart in the lateral radiograph, the: - correct answer the right side of the patients chest is placed against the cassette a right lateral decubitus radiograph means that the : - correct answer right side of the chest is down a leftward shift of the mediastinum is commonly seen on the chest radiograph in response to which of the following? 1. left upper lobe atelectasis 2. right upper lobe gas 3. left upper lobe fibrosis 4. right upper lobe tumor - correct answer 1,2,3,4 the normal exposure of the radiograph is verified by determining whether the spinal process of the vertebrae are visible to which level? - correct answer T-5 to T-6