Bio 169 Exam Study Set of 280 Questions Solved
100% Correct |Verified Solutions
what divides nasal cavity into left and right chambers called fossae - ✔✔nasal septum
the nasal conchae (superior, inferior, middle) - ✔✔-folds of tissue on lateral wall of nasal
fossa
-mucous membranes supported by spiral bones
Meatuses - ✔✔-narrow passages for air beneath conchae
Olfactory mucosa - ✔✔lines roof of nasal fossa (cavity)
Respiratory mucosa - ✔✔-lines rest of the nasal cavity with ciliated pseudostratified
epithelium
Defensive role of mucosa - ✔✔-mucus from goblet cells traps inhaled particles
-destroys bacteria using lysozyme
The function of the cilia in the respiratory epithelium - ✔✔sweep debris laden mucus into
pharynx to be swallowed
erectile tissue of inferior concha - ✔✔-venous plexus that rhythmically fills with blood
-shifts airflow from one side of fossa to other 1-2 times per hour
-prevents drying
Spontaneous epistaxis - ✔✔-nosebleed
-most commonly inferior concha
,Nasopharynx - ✔✔-pseudostratified epithelium
-dorsal to soft palate
-pharyngeal tonsil and auditory tubes
Oropharynx - ✔✔-stratified squamous epithelium
-b/w soft palate and roof of tongue
-inferior as far as hyoid
-palatine and lingual tonsils
Laryngopharynx - ✔✔-stratified squamous epithelium
-hyoid to cricoid cartilage
Larynx - ✔✔-voicebox
Glottis - ✔✔-long opening between the vocal cords at upper part of windpipe
Epiglottis - ✔✔-flap of tissue that guards glottis
-directs food and drink to esophagus
Infant Larynx - ✔✔-higher in throat, continuous airway from nasal cavity
-allows breathing while swallowing
-age two, more muscular tongue, larynx forced downward
Epiglottic cartilage - ✔✔most superior cartilage
,thyroid cartilage - ✔✔-largest cartilage
-laryngeal prominence
Cricoid cartilage - ✔✔-connects larynx to trachea
Arytenoid cartilages (2) - ✔✔posterior to thyroid cartilage
Corniculate cartilages (2) - ✔✔attached to arytenoid cartilages like a pair of little horns
Cuneiform cartilages (2) - ✔✔supports soft tissue between arytenoids and epiglottis
Intrinsic muscles - ✔✔-rotate corniculate and arytenoid cartilages
extrinsic muscles - ✔✔connect larynx to hyoid bone, elevate larynx during swallowing
Trachea - ✔✔-c shaped cartilagenous rings and tranchealis, adjusting airflow by expanding or
contracting
larnyx and trachea - ✔✔lined with ciliated pseudostratified epithelium which functions as
mucociliary escalator
primary bronchi - ✔✔-c-shaped rings
-from trachea
secondary (lobar) bronchi - ✔✔-overlapping plates
-one for each lobe of lungq
, tertiary (segmental) bronchi - ✔✔-10 right, 8 left-overlapping plates
bronchopulmonary segment - ✔✔portion of lung supplied by each tertiary bronchi
bronchioles - ✔✔-no cartilage
-smooth muscle layer
-divides into 50-80 terminal bronchioles
-repiratory bronchioles divide into 2-10 alveolar ducts
Alveoli - ✔✔-bud from respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar sacs
-main site for gas exchange
Pulmonary Ventilation - ✔✔one cycle of inspiration and expiration
quiet respiration - ✔✔pulmonary ventilation at rest
forced respiration - ✔✔pulmonary ventilation during exercise
what is required for the flow of air in and out of the lungs? - ✔✔a pressure difference
between the air inside the body and outside of the body
Diaphragm - ✔✔-dome shaped
-contraction flattens
scalenes - ✔✔-hold first pair of ribs stationary
external and internal intercostals - ✔✔-stiffen thoracic cage
100% Correct |Verified Solutions
what divides nasal cavity into left and right chambers called fossae - ✔✔nasal septum
the nasal conchae (superior, inferior, middle) - ✔✔-folds of tissue on lateral wall of nasal
fossa
-mucous membranes supported by spiral bones
Meatuses - ✔✔-narrow passages for air beneath conchae
Olfactory mucosa - ✔✔lines roof of nasal fossa (cavity)
Respiratory mucosa - ✔✔-lines rest of the nasal cavity with ciliated pseudostratified
epithelium
Defensive role of mucosa - ✔✔-mucus from goblet cells traps inhaled particles
-destroys bacteria using lysozyme
The function of the cilia in the respiratory epithelium - ✔✔sweep debris laden mucus into
pharynx to be swallowed
erectile tissue of inferior concha - ✔✔-venous plexus that rhythmically fills with blood
-shifts airflow from one side of fossa to other 1-2 times per hour
-prevents drying
Spontaneous epistaxis - ✔✔-nosebleed
-most commonly inferior concha
,Nasopharynx - ✔✔-pseudostratified epithelium
-dorsal to soft palate
-pharyngeal tonsil and auditory tubes
Oropharynx - ✔✔-stratified squamous epithelium
-b/w soft palate and roof of tongue
-inferior as far as hyoid
-palatine and lingual tonsils
Laryngopharynx - ✔✔-stratified squamous epithelium
-hyoid to cricoid cartilage
Larynx - ✔✔-voicebox
Glottis - ✔✔-long opening between the vocal cords at upper part of windpipe
Epiglottis - ✔✔-flap of tissue that guards glottis
-directs food and drink to esophagus
Infant Larynx - ✔✔-higher in throat, continuous airway from nasal cavity
-allows breathing while swallowing
-age two, more muscular tongue, larynx forced downward
Epiglottic cartilage - ✔✔most superior cartilage
,thyroid cartilage - ✔✔-largest cartilage
-laryngeal prominence
Cricoid cartilage - ✔✔-connects larynx to trachea
Arytenoid cartilages (2) - ✔✔posterior to thyroid cartilage
Corniculate cartilages (2) - ✔✔attached to arytenoid cartilages like a pair of little horns
Cuneiform cartilages (2) - ✔✔supports soft tissue between arytenoids and epiglottis
Intrinsic muscles - ✔✔-rotate corniculate and arytenoid cartilages
extrinsic muscles - ✔✔connect larynx to hyoid bone, elevate larynx during swallowing
Trachea - ✔✔-c shaped cartilagenous rings and tranchealis, adjusting airflow by expanding or
contracting
larnyx and trachea - ✔✔lined with ciliated pseudostratified epithelium which functions as
mucociliary escalator
primary bronchi - ✔✔-c-shaped rings
-from trachea
secondary (lobar) bronchi - ✔✔-overlapping plates
-one for each lobe of lungq
, tertiary (segmental) bronchi - ✔✔-10 right, 8 left-overlapping plates
bronchopulmonary segment - ✔✔portion of lung supplied by each tertiary bronchi
bronchioles - ✔✔-no cartilage
-smooth muscle layer
-divides into 50-80 terminal bronchioles
-repiratory bronchioles divide into 2-10 alveolar ducts
Alveoli - ✔✔-bud from respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar sacs
-main site for gas exchange
Pulmonary Ventilation - ✔✔one cycle of inspiration and expiration
quiet respiration - ✔✔pulmonary ventilation at rest
forced respiration - ✔✔pulmonary ventilation during exercise
what is required for the flow of air in and out of the lungs? - ✔✔a pressure difference
between the air inside the body and outside of the body
Diaphragm - ✔✔-dome shaped
-contraction flattens
scalenes - ✔✔-hold first pair of ribs stationary
external and internal intercostals - ✔✔-stiffen thoracic cage
