AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS MARKING
SCHEME PAPER 2 | Questions and
correct answers | Latest version
2024/2025
Line of force - ANSWER -Direction a hypothetical "free north pole" would travel in the field.
Otherwise known as a field line.
Motor effect - ANSWER -Effect in which a current in a magnetic field experiences a force.
Fleming's left hand rule - ANSWER -Way of working out the directions involved in the motor effect.
Magnetic flux density - ANSWER -Force per unit length per unit current on a conductor perpendicular
to the field lines. Often referred to as the strength of the magnetic field.
Couple - ANSWER -Pair of forces in opposite directions that try to turn an object. Acts on the coil of a
motor.
Thermionic - ANSWER -Property of a material that means that when it gets hot, it emits electrons.
Cyclotron - ANSWER -Spiral particle accelerator.
Frequency - ANSWER -Number of rotations per second, given by 1/T.
Mass spectrometer - ANSWER -Device that separates a constituents of a substance by their masses.
Ion - ANSWER -Charged atom.
Velocity selector - ANSWER -Component that uses an opposing electric and magnetic field to ensure
all particles going straight through have the same speed and direction.
Vacuum - ANSWER -Space where (nearly) all particles have been removed (evacuated).
Electromotive force - ANSWER -Force on electrons that tries to push them along. Known as the emf.
Electromagnetic induction - ANSWER -Phenomenon in which a changing magnetic field, relative to a
wire, will produce an emf.
Fleming's right hand rule - ANSWER -Also known as the dynamo rule. Works out directions involved
in electromagnetic induction.
Solenoid - ANSWER -Electrical coil.
Lenz's law - ANSWER -"The direction of the induced current is always such as to oppose the change
that caused the current".
Magnetic flux - ANSWER -Product of the magnetic flux density and the area.
Magnetic flux linkage - ANSWER -Product of the magnetic flux and the number of turns of the coil.
, Faraday's law - ANSWER -"The induced emf in a circuit is equal to the rate of change of flux linkage
through the circuit".
Alternator - ANSWER -Generator of AC.
Back emf - ANSWER -An emf generated in a motor that works against the current that is powering
the motor.
Step-up - ANSWER -Transformer that raises the voltage and lowers the current (answer is
hyphenated!)
Step-down - ANSWER -Transformer that lowers the voltage and raises the current (answer is
hyphenated!)
National Grid - ANSWER -Network of transformers and cables that transmits power across the
country.
Pressure - ANSWER -The force per unit area exerted normally (at 90 degrees) on a surface.
Boyle's law - ANSWER -For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, pV = constant.
Charles' law - ANSWER -For a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure, V/T = constant.
Pressure law - ANSWER -For a fixed mass of gas at constant volume, p/T = constant.
Brownian motion - ANSWER -The random and unpredictable motion of a particle (like a smoke
particle) caused by molecules of the surrounding material colliding with it at random.
Avagadro constant - ANSWER -Number of particles in a mole of a substance. 6.02x10^23.
Mole - ANSWER -Amount of substance with 6.02x10^23 particles in it.
Molarity - ANSWER -Number of moles in a substance. Measured in mol.
Molar mass - ANSWER -Mass of 1 mol of a substance.
Ideal gas - ANSWER -Gas that obeys Boyle's law.
Molar gas constant - ANSWER -Constant with symbol R.
Boltzmann constant - ANSWER -Constant with symbol k. Useful for calculations where the number of
particles, rather than the number of moles, is required.
Root mean square speed - ANSWER -The root of the mean of the squares of the speeds of a sample
of particles.
Kinetic theory equation - ANSWER -pV=1/3 Nm(Crms)^2 (but better formatted!)
Ideal gas equation - ANSWER -pV=nRT. For calculations involving number of particles rather than
moles, use pV=NkT.
Internal energy - ANSWER -The sum of the random distribution of the kinetic and potential energies
of the molecules in an object.
Thermal energy - ANSWER -The internal energy of an object due to temperature.
Work done - ANSWER -Energy transferred.
SCHEME PAPER 2 | Questions and
correct answers | Latest version
2024/2025
Line of force - ANSWER -Direction a hypothetical "free north pole" would travel in the field.
Otherwise known as a field line.
Motor effect - ANSWER -Effect in which a current in a magnetic field experiences a force.
Fleming's left hand rule - ANSWER -Way of working out the directions involved in the motor effect.
Magnetic flux density - ANSWER -Force per unit length per unit current on a conductor perpendicular
to the field lines. Often referred to as the strength of the magnetic field.
Couple - ANSWER -Pair of forces in opposite directions that try to turn an object. Acts on the coil of a
motor.
Thermionic - ANSWER -Property of a material that means that when it gets hot, it emits electrons.
Cyclotron - ANSWER -Spiral particle accelerator.
Frequency - ANSWER -Number of rotations per second, given by 1/T.
Mass spectrometer - ANSWER -Device that separates a constituents of a substance by their masses.
Ion - ANSWER -Charged atom.
Velocity selector - ANSWER -Component that uses an opposing electric and magnetic field to ensure
all particles going straight through have the same speed and direction.
Vacuum - ANSWER -Space where (nearly) all particles have been removed (evacuated).
Electromotive force - ANSWER -Force on electrons that tries to push them along. Known as the emf.
Electromagnetic induction - ANSWER -Phenomenon in which a changing magnetic field, relative to a
wire, will produce an emf.
Fleming's right hand rule - ANSWER -Also known as the dynamo rule. Works out directions involved
in electromagnetic induction.
Solenoid - ANSWER -Electrical coil.
Lenz's law - ANSWER -"The direction of the induced current is always such as to oppose the change
that caused the current".
Magnetic flux - ANSWER -Product of the magnetic flux density and the area.
Magnetic flux linkage - ANSWER -Product of the magnetic flux and the number of turns of the coil.
, Faraday's law - ANSWER -"The induced emf in a circuit is equal to the rate of change of flux linkage
through the circuit".
Alternator - ANSWER -Generator of AC.
Back emf - ANSWER -An emf generated in a motor that works against the current that is powering
the motor.
Step-up - ANSWER -Transformer that raises the voltage and lowers the current (answer is
hyphenated!)
Step-down - ANSWER -Transformer that lowers the voltage and raises the current (answer is
hyphenated!)
National Grid - ANSWER -Network of transformers and cables that transmits power across the
country.
Pressure - ANSWER -The force per unit area exerted normally (at 90 degrees) on a surface.
Boyle's law - ANSWER -For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, pV = constant.
Charles' law - ANSWER -For a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure, V/T = constant.
Pressure law - ANSWER -For a fixed mass of gas at constant volume, p/T = constant.
Brownian motion - ANSWER -The random and unpredictable motion of a particle (like a smoke
particle) caused by molecules of the surrounding material colliding with it at random.
Avagadro constant - ANSWER -Number of particles in a mole of a substance. 6.02x10^23.
Mole - ANSWER -Amount of substance with 6.02x10^23 particles in it.
Molarity - ANSWER -Number of moles in a substance. Measured in mol.
Molar mass - ANSWER -Mass of 1 mol of a substance.
Ideal gas - ANSWER -Gas that obeys Boyle's law.
Molar gas constant - ANSWER -Constant with symbol R.
Boltzmann constant - ANSWER -Constant with symbol k. Useful for calculations where the number of
particles, rather than the number of moles, is required.
Root mean square speed - ANSWER -The root of the mean of the squares of the speeds of a sample
of particles.
Kinetic theory equation - ANSWER -pV=1/3 Nm(Crms)^2 (but better formatted!)
Ideal gas equation - ANSWER -pV=nRT. For calculations involving number of particles rather than
moles, use pV=NkT.
Internal energy - ANSWER -The sum of the random distribution of the kinetic and potential energies
of the molecules in an object.
Thermal energy - ANSWER -The internal energy of an object due to temperature.
Work done - ANSWER -Energy transferred.
