1|Page
ATI FUNDMENTALS REAL EXAM with
Detailed Rationales LATEST 2024/ 2025
Graded a+ GUARANTEED PASS
• A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Hyper oxygenate the client before suctioning
-The nurse should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyper oxygenate
theclient for several minutes prior to suctioning.
B. Insert the catheter during exhalation
-incorrect: The nurse should insert the catheter during inhalation
C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter
-incorrect: Applying suction while inserting the catheter increases the risk of
damage to the tracheal mucosa and removes oxygen from the airways.
D. Apply suction for no more than 15 secs
-incorrect: The nurse should apply suction for no more than 10 seconds
• A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting confusion. The nurse should
identify that which of the following laboratory values can cause confusion?
A. Sodium 123 mEq/L
-A sodium level of 123 mEq/L is below the expected reference range of 136 to
145 mEq/L. Low sodium levels can cause confusion and lead to seizures, coma,
and death.
B. Blood glucose 100 mg/dL
,2|Page
-incorrect: A blood glucose level of 100 mg/dL is within the expected reference
range of 70-110 mg/dL for fasting and less than 200 mg/dL for a casual blood
draw.
C. Potassium 3.5 mEq/L
-incorrect: A potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L is within the expected reference
range of 3.5 to 5 mEq/L.
D. Hemoglobin 13 g/dL
-incorrect: A hemoglobin level of 13 g/dL is within expected reference range of 12 to
18 g/dL.
• A nurse is caring for a client who has a gastric ulcer. The nurse
should explain that prolonged exposure of the body to stress can also
cause which of the following to occur? A. Hyperglycemia
-Stress causes an increased secretion of cortisol, which can lead
to hypertension and hyperglycemia.
B. Hypotension
-incorrect: Prolonged stress can lead to essential hypertension.
C. Heightened immune response
-incorrect: Prolonged stress weakens the immune response, placing the client
atrisk of various infections and worsening the severity of those infections.
D. Bleeding tendencies
-incorrect: Prolonged stress can lead to platelet aggregation and can increase
theclient’s risk of myocardial infarction and stroke.
,3|Page
• A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety
regarding a recent diagnosis. Which of the following findings should the
nurse expect?
A. Increased blood pressure
-The nurse should expect a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety to
manifest an increase in blood pressure and heart rate as a result of
sympatheticstimulation.
B. Decreased blood glucose level
-incorrect: The nurse should expect a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety
to manifest an increase in blood glucose due to the release of glucocorticoids and
gluconeogenesis.
C. Decreased oxygen use
-incorrect: The nurse should expect a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety
to manifest an increase in oxygen use due to an increased metabolic rate and
oxygen demands of the body.
D. Increased gastrointestinal motility
-incorrect: The nurse should expect a client who is experiencing stress
and anxiety to manifest decreased gastrointestinal motility, which can
result in constipation and flatus.
• A nurse is planning to assess the abdomen of a client who reports feeling
bloated for several weeks. Which of the following methods of assessment
shouldthe nurse use first?
A. Inspection
, 4|Page
According to evidence- based practice, the nurse should inspect the abdomen first
by observing the contour of the abdomen, the condition of the skin, and the
position of the umbilicus. Findings from the step of assessment are used by the
nurse in the subsequent steps.
B. Auscultation
-incorrect: The nurse should auscultate the client’s abdomen before percussion or
palpation, both of which can stimulate peristalsis, yielding inaccurate results. This
sequence is different from the assessment of other body systems.
C. Percussion
-incorrect: The nurse should not percuss the client’s abdomen first because
percussion can cause pain and stimulate peristalsis, yielding inaccurate results in
auscultation.
D. Palpation
-incorrect: The nurse should not palpate the client’s abdomen first because
palpation can cause pain and stimulate peristalsis, yielding inaccurate results on
auscultation.
• A nurse is teaching the parent of a child who is to take 30mL of a liquid
medication. The parent has a hollow medication spoon that has marks to
indicateteaspoons and tablespoons. How many tablespoons of medication
should the nurse
instruct the parent to give to the child? (nearest whole number).
ATI FUNDMENTALS REAL EXAM with
Detailed Rationales LATEST 2024/ 2025
Graded a+ GUARANTEED PASS
• A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Hyper oxygenate the client before suctioning
-The nurse should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyper oxygenate
theclient for several minutes prior to suctioning.
B. Insert the catheter during exhalation
-incorrect: The nurse should insert the catheter during inhalation
C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter
-incorrect: Applying suction while inserting the catheter increases the risk of
damage to the tracheal mucosa and removes oxygen from the airways.
D. Apply suction for no more than 15 secs
-incorrect: The nurse should apply suction for no more than 10 seconds
• A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting confusion. The nurse should
identify that which of the following laboratory values can cause confusion?
A. Sodium 123 mEq/L
-A sodium level of 123 mEq/L is below the expected reference range of 136 to
145 mEq/L. Low sodium levels can cause confusion and lead to seizures, coma,
and death.
B. Blood glucose 100 mg/dL
,2|Page
-incorrect: A blood glucose level of 100 mg/dL is within the expected reference
range of 70-110 mg/dL for fasting and less than 200 mg/dL for a casual blood
draw.
C. Potassium 3.5 mEq/L
-incorrect: A potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L is within the expected reference
range of 3.5 to 5 mEq/L.
D. Hemoglobin 13 g/dL
-incorrect: A hemoglobin level of 13 g/dL is within expected reference range of 12 to
18 g/dL.
• A nurse is caring for a client who has a gastric ulcer. The nurse
should explain that prolonged exposure of the body to stress can also
cause which of the following to occur? A. Hyperglycemia
-Stress causes an increased secretion of cortisol, which can lead
to hypertension and hyperglycemia.
B. Hypotension
-incorrect: Prolonged stress can lead to essential hypertension.
C. Heightened immune response
-incorrect: Prolonged stress weakens the immune response, placing the client
atrisk of various infections and worsening the severity of those infections.
D. Bleeding tendencies
-incorrect: Prolonged stress can lead to platelet aggregation and can increase
theclient’s risk of myocardial infarction and stroke.
,3|Page
• A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety
regarding a recent diagnosis. Which of the following findings should the
nurse expect?
A. Increased blood pressure
-The nurse should expect a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety to
manifest an increase in blood pressure and heart rate as a result of
sympatheticstimulation.
B. Decreased blood glucose level
-incorrect: The nurse should expect a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety
to manifest an increase in blood glucose due to the release of glucocorticoids and
gluconeogenesis.
C. Decreased oxygen use
-incorrect: The nurse should expect a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety
to manifest an increase in oxygen use due to an increased metabolic rate and
oxygen demands of the body.
D. Increased gastrointestinal motility
-incorrect: The nurse should expect a client who is experiencing stress
and anxiety to manifest decreased gastrointestinal motility, which can
result in constipation and flatus.
• A nurse is planning to assess the abdomen of a client who reports feeling
bloated for several weeks. Which of the following methods of assessment
shouldthe nurse use first?
A. Inspection
, 4|Page
According to evidence- based practice, the nurse should inspect the abdomen first
by observing the contour of the abdomen, the condition of the skin, and the
position of the umbilicus. Findings from the step of assessment are used by the
nurse in the subsequent steps.
B. Auscultation
-incorrect: The nurse should auscultate the client’s abdomen before percussion or
palpation, both of which can stimulate peristalsis, yielding inaccurate results. This
sequence is different from the assessment of other body systems.
C. Percussion
-incorrect: The nurse should not percuss the client’s abdomen first because
percussion can cause pain and stimulate peristalsis, yielding inaccurate results in
auscultation.
D. Palpation
-incorrect: The nurse should not palpate the client’s abdomen first because
palpation can cause pain and stimulate peristalsis, yielding inaccurate results on
auscultation.
• A nurse is teaching the parent of a child who is to take 30mL of a liquid
medication. The parent has a hollow medication spoon that has marks to
indicateteaspoons and tablespoons. How many tablespoons of medication
should the nurse
instruct the parent to give to the child? (nearest whole number).
