Test bank for advanced assessment interpreting findings and formulating differential diagnoses 4th edition mary jo goolsby

Test Bank for Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings and
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Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary Jo
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Goolsby, Laurie Grubbs Chapter 1 - 22 | Complete
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,Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
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MultiplebChoice
Identifybthebchoicebthatbbestbcompletesbthebstatementbor2answersbthebquestion.

b 1. Whichbtypebofbclinicalbdecision-makingbisbmostbreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
b 2. Whichbofbthe2followingbisbfalse?bTobobtainbadequatebhistory,bhealth-carebprovidersbmust2be:
A. Methodicalband2systematic
B. Attentivebtobthebpatient’sbverbalbandbnonverbalblanguage
C. Able2tobaccuratelybinterpretbthebpatient’sbresponses
D. Adeptbatbreadingbintobthebpatient’sbstatements
b 3. Essentialbpartsbofbabhealthbhistorybincludeballbofbthebfollowingbexcept:
A. Chiefbcomplaint
B. Historybofbthe2presentbillness
C. Currentbvitalbsigns
D. Allbofbthebabovebarebessentialbhistorybcomponents
b 4. Whichbofbthebfollowingbisbfalse?bWhilebperforming2thebphysical2examination,bthebexaminerbmustbbeabbl
ebto:
A. Differentiatebbetweenbnormalbandbabnormal2findings
B. Recallbknowledgebofbabrangebofbconditionsbandbtheirbassociatedbsignsbandbsymptoms
C. Recognizebhowbcertainbconditionsbaffectbthebresponse2to2otherbconditions
D. Foreseebunpredictablebfindings
b 5. Thebfollowingbisbthebleastbreliablebsourcebof2informationbforbdiagnosticbstatistics:
A. Evidence-basedbinvestigations
B. Primarybreportsbof2research
C. Estimationbbased2on2abprovider’s2experience
D. Publishedbmeta-analyses
b 6. Thebfollowing2canbbebusedbto2assistbinbsound2clinicalbdecision-making:
A. Algorithm2publishedbin2a2peer-reviewedbjournalbarticle
B. Clinical2practicebguidelines
C. Evidence-based2research
D. Allbofbthebabove
b 7. Ifbabdiagnostic2studybhasbhighbsensitivity,bthisbindicatesba:
A. Highbpercentage2ofbpersonsbwithbthebgivenbconditionbwillbhavebanbabnormalbresult
B. Lowbpercentagebofbpersonsbwithbthebgivenbconditionbwillbhavebanbabnormalbresult
C. Lowblikelihoodbofbnormalbresultbinbpersonsbwithoutbabgivenbcondition
D. Nonebofbthebabove

,b 8. Ifbabdiagnosticbstudybhasbhighbspecificity,bthisbindicatesba:
A. Lowbpercentagebofbhealthybindividualsbwillbshowbabnormalbresult
B. Highbpercentagebofbhealthybindividualsbwillbshowbabnormalbresult
C. Highbpercentage2ofbindividualsbwithbabdisorderbwillbshowbabnormalbresult
D. Lowbpercentagebofbindividualsbwithbabdisorderbwillbshowbanbabnormalbresult
b 9. Ablikelihoodbratiobaboveb1bindicatesbthatbabdiagnosticbtestbshowing2a:
A. Positivebresultbisbstronglybassociatedbwithbthebdisease
B. Negativebresultbisbstronglybassociated2withbabsencebofbthebdisease
C. Positivebresultbisbweaklybassociatedbwithbthebdisease
D. Negativebresultbisbweaklybassociatedbwithbabsencebofbthe2disease
b bbb 10.bWhichbofbthebfollowing2clinicalbreasoningbtoolsbisbdefinedbasbevidence-
basedbresourcebbasedbonbmathematicalbmodelingbtobexpressbtheblikelihoodbofbabconditionbinbselectbsitbuation
s,bsettings,band/orpatients?
A. Clinicalbpracticebguidelineb
B. ClinicalbdecisionbrulebClin
C. icalbalgorithmbClinicalbrec
D. ommendation

, Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
b b b b b b

Answer Section
b




MULTIPLEbCHOICE

1. ANS:b B
Croskerryb(2009)bdescribesbtwo2majorbtypesbofbclinicalbdiagnosticbdecision-
making:bintuitivebandbanalytical.bIntuitivebdecision-makingb(similarbtobAugenblinkbdecision-
bmaking)bisbbasedbonbthebexperiencebandbintuitionbofbthebclinician2andbisbless breliablebandbpairedbwithbfa

irlybcommonberrors.bInbcontrast,banalyticalbdecision-
makingbisbbased2onbcarefulbconsiderationbandbhasbgreaterbreliabilitywithbrareberrors.

PTS: 1
2. ANS:b D
Tobobtainbadequatebhistory,bprovidersbmustbbebwellborganized,battentivebto2thebpatient’sbverbal2andnobn
verbalblanguage,bandbable2tobaccuratelybinterpretbthe2patient’sbresponses2tobquestions.2Ratherbthanbrbea
dingbintobthebpatient’sbstatements,btheybclarifybanybareasbofbuncertainty.

PTS: 1
3. ANS:b C
Vitalbsignsbarebpartbofbthebphysicalbexaminationbportion2of2patientbassessment,bnotbpartbofbthebhealthhisbtory.

PTS: 1
4. ANS:b D
Whilebperformingbthebphysicalbexamination,bthebexaminerbmustbbebablebtobdifferentiatebbetweennorb
malbandbabnormalbfindings,brecallbknowledgebofbabrange2ofbconditions,bincluding2theirbassociatedbsigbn
sbandbsymptoms,brecognizebhow2certainbconditions2affectbthebresponsebtobotherbconditions,bandbdistibng
uishbthebrelevancebofbvaried2abnormalbfindings.

PTS: 1
5. ANS:b C
Sourcesbforbdiagnostic2statisticsbinclude2textbooks,bprimarybreportsbofbresearch,bandbpublishedbmetba
-
analyses.bAnotherbsource2ofbstatistics,bthebonebthatbhasbbeenbmostbwidelybusedbandbavailablebforbappbli
cationbto2the2reasoningbprocess,bisbthebestimationbbasedbonbabprovider’sbexperience,balthoughbthesbebar
ebrarelybaccurate.bOver2the2pastbdecade,bthebavailabilitybofbevidence2onbwhichbtobbasebclinicalbrebasoni
ng2isbimproving,2andbtherebisbanbincreasingbexpectationbthatbclinicalbreasoningbebbasedbonbsciebntificb
evidence.2Evidence-
basedbstatistics2are2alsobincreasinglybbeingbusedbtobdevelopbresourcesbtobfacilitatebclinicalbdecision-
bmaking.




PTS: 1
6. ANS:b D
Tobassistbinbclinicalbdecision-making,babnumberbofbevidence-
based2resourcesbhavebbeenbdevelopedtobassistbthebclinician.bResources,bsuchbasbalgorithmsbandbclinicba
lbpracticebguidelines,bassistbinbclinicalbreasoningbwhenbproperlybapplied.



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