BIO 351 ECOSYSTEM TEST
Ecosystem concept - ANSWER -biological and physical components of the
environments of the environment are a single interactive system
-fluxes of energy and materials, not than the responses of particular species
-scale varies
Autotrophs - ANSWER -primary producers (photosynthetic)
Heterotrophs - ANSWER -consumers and decomposers
Nonliving matter - ANSWER -energy and materials are exchanged between
these three components, and also enter and leave the ecosystem
* The ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems is the radiant energy of
sunlight
Primary productivity - ANSWER =the rate of primary production
-controls many other things that happen in the ecosystem
-in terrestrial syst. is limited by a # of factors that interact with one another and
may depend on one another (Temp, precip, length of growing season, nutrients
available)
GPP - ANSWER =total amount of energy captured in photosynthesis
-Gross primary production
NPP - ANSWER =GPP-energy used by the plant themselves
, -new primary production
-Temp and precip are the most important factors affecting NPP
- increase of N, increase in NPP
Two mechanisms associated with why NPP increases with precipitation -
ANSWER -more photosynthesis per leaf
-more leaves per plant
* increase H2O, increase CO2 intake= increase Photosyth.
Rate of photosynthesis - ANSWER -the greater the allocation of energy to
leaves relative to stems and roots, the greater the net carbon gain and plant
growth
-root to root ratio R:S range
.20 (tropical rain forest ecosystems)
1.2 (arid shrublands)
4.5 (desert) bc theres more root than stems
Primary production in aquatic systems - ANSWER Limited by;
light,temperature, nutrients,
Change with, depth, latitude and season, nutrients(proximity to shore and other
nutrient sources)
-ocean is largest surface area
NPP and standing crop biomass decrease from - ANSWER -mesic (wet) to
xeric environments (dry)
-ecosystems with a higher NPP are those with great standing biomass (found in
both terrestrial and marine environments)
Ecosystem concept - ANSWER -biological and physical components of the
environments of the environment are a single interactive system
-fluxes of energy and materials, not than the responses of particular species
-scale varies
Autotrophs - ANSWER -primary producers (photosynthetic)
Heterotrophs - ANSWER -consumers and decomposers
Nonliving matter - ANSWER -energy and materials are exchanged between
these three components, and also enter and leave the ecosystem
* The ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems is the radiant energy of
sunlight
Primary productivity - ANSWER =the rate of primary production
-controls many other things that happen in the ecosystem
-in terrestrial syst. is limited by a # of factors that interact with one another and
may depend on one another (Temp, precip, length of growing season, nutrients
available)
GPP - ANSWER =total amount of energy captured in photosynthesis
-Gross primary production
NPP - ANSWER =GPP-energy used by the plant themselves
, -new primary production
-Temp and precip are the most important factors affecting NPP
- increase of N, increase in NPP
Two mechanisms associated with why NPP increases with precipitation -
ANSWER -more photosynthesis per leaf
-more leaves per plant
* increase H2O, increase CO2 intake= increase Photosyth.
Rate of photosynthesis - ANSWER -the greater the allocation of energy to
leaves relative to stems and roots, the greater the net carbon gain and plant
growth
-root to root ratio R:S range
.20 (tropical rain forest ecosystems)
1.2 (arid shrublands)
4.5 (desert) bc theres more root than stems
Primary production in aquatic systems - ANSWER Limited by;
light,temperature, nutrients,
Change with, depth, latitude and season, nutrients(proximity to shore and other
nutrient sources)
-ocean is largest surface area
NPP and standing crop biomass decrease from - ANSWER -mesic (wet) to
xeric environments (dry)
-ecosystems with a higher NPP are those with great standing biomass (found in
both terrestrial and marine environments)
