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samenvatting Genie Biologie 5.2 - thema 3, hoofdstuk 2

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thema 3, hoofdstuk 2: celcyclus bij eukaryoten gebruik van afbeeldingen en schematische tekeningen getypt word document volgens de structuur van het boek

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Secondary school
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3e graad
Course
School year
5

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Uploaded on
December 9, 2024
Number of pages
13
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Summary

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H2: de celcyclus bij eukaryoten
1 FASEN VAN DE CELCYCLUS BIJ EUKARYOTEN



celcyclu
s


interfas celdelin
e g


G1 S G Mitose/ cytokines
2 meiose e




reductie
deling




2n


Mitose
 Aanmaak nieuwe somatische cellen
 Dochtercellen identiek aan moedercel
Meiose
 Vorming gameten
 Haploïde (n) dochtercellen uit diploïde (2n) moedercel


= 2n 2
mitose n n
meiose
2n 2
n n n n n
=
mens: 46 chromosomen ≠

,  Interfase: eu- en heterochromatine
 Voor DNA-replicatie: elk chromosoom bestaat uit 2 chromatinevesels
 Start celdeling: condenseren tot twee zusterchromatiden -> zichtbaar onder
microscoop




 duur varieert
 verschillende fases




2 INTERFASE
G1 = GAP1
 groei: toename cytoplasma
 aanmaak proteïnen en nucleotiden
 chromatinevezels
S-periode (=syntheseperiode)
 DNA-replicatie (zie H1 p170)
 Cohesine = eiwit dat 2 chromatinevezels verbindt ter hoogte van centromeer


G2 = GAP2
 Controle: nieuw DNA indien beschadigd -> herstel of
apoptose
 Verdubbeling centriolenpaar
 Aanmaak histonen: spiralisatie en candensatie
 Aanmaak extra membraanmateriaal
G0 = out of cycle
 Stamcellen van zenuwweefsel en spierweefsel: tijdelijk
geen deling
 Cellen met beschadigd DNA: permanent in G0
 Zenuwcellen, botcellen en skeletspierweefsel: permanent in G 0




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