Chapter 31 Quinolones, Folic Acid Antagonists, and Urinary Tract Antiseptics
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A patient allergic to penicillin is being evaluated for a gram-negative infection. Which
antimicrobial drug class would the health care provider be cautious in prescribing because of
a possible cross sensitivity and/or allergic reaction?
a. Cephalosporins
b. Aminoglycosides
c. Sulfonamides
d. Quinolones
ANS A
Cephalosporins may be used with caution as alternatives when patients are allergic to the
penicillins, but cephalosporins are chemically similar in structure to penicillins and may
produce a cross sensitivity and/or allergic reaction. Aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and
quinolones do not tend to produce cross sensitivities.
DIF Cognitive Level Comprehension REF dm. 736 OBJ 7 | 8
TOP Nursing Process Step Implementation
MSC NCLEX Client Needs Category Physiological Integrity
2. The health care provider has prescribed penicillin and probenecid for a patient with a
sexually transmitted disease. What is the purpose of combining these medications?
a. To accelerate the excretion of the penicillin
b. To inhibit the absorption of penicillin to allow the drug to remain in the transport phase
c. To inhibit the excretion of the penicillin
d. To reduce toxic effects associated with penicillin
, ANS C
The combination therapy of penicillin and probenecid allows the penicillin to remain in the
body longer, which enhances drug availability and action. The combination may be used
advantageously in treating serious or resistant infections. Probenecid inhibits the excretion of
penicillin, slows down the excretion of penicillin, and does not affect absorption or toxic
effects.
DIF Cognitive Level Comprehension REF dm. 730 OBJ 6
TOP Nursing Process Step Implementation
MSC NCLEX Client Needs Category Physiological Integrity
3. An older adult who has septicemia is receiving IV aminoglycoside therapy. Which symptom
is most important for the nurse to monitor?
a. Bone marrow suppression
b. Ototoxicity
c. Gastrointestinal (GI) distress
d. Photosensitivity
ANS B
Eighth cranial nerve damage can result from aminoglycoside therapy. Patients should be
monitored during therapy and after therapy has been discontinued for signs and symptoms of
ototoxicity, including dizziness, tinnitus, and progressive hearing loss. Aminoglycosides do not
produce bone marrow depression; this is characteristic of treatment with chloramphenicol.
Aminoglycosides do not typically produce GI distress. Aminogylcosides do not produce
photosensitivity; this is characteristic of treatment with glycylcyclines.
DIF Cognitive Level Application REF dm. 729 OBJ 7 | 8
TOP Nursing Process Step Assessment
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A patient allergic to penicillin is being evaluated for a gram-negative infection. Which
antimicrobial drug class would the health care provider be cautious in prescribing because of
a possible cross sensitivity and/or allergic reaction?
a. Cephalosporins
b. Aminoglycosides
c. Sulfonamides
d. Quinolones
ANS A
Cephalosporins may be used with caution as alternatives when patients are allergic to the
penicillins, but cephalosporins are chemically similar in structure to penicillins and may
produce a cross sensitivity and/or allergic reaction. Aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and
quinolones do not tend to produce cross sensitivities.
DIF Cognitive Level Comprehension REF dm. 736 OBJ 7 | 8
TOP Nursing Process Step Implementation
MSC NCLEX Client Needs Category Physiological Integrity
2. The health care provider has prescribed penicillin and probenecid for a patient with a
sexually transmitted disease. What is the purpose of combining these medications?
a. To accelerate the excretion of the penicillin
b. To inhibit the absorption of penicillin to allow the drug to remain in the transport phase
c. To inhibit the excretion of the penicillin
d. To reduce toxic effects associated with penicillin
, ANS C
The combination therapy of penicillin and probenecid allows the penicillin to remain in the
body longer, which enhances drug availability and action. The combination may be used
advantageously in treating serious or resistant infections. Probenecid inhibits the excretion of
penicillin, slows down the excretion of penicillin, and does not affect absorption or toxic
effects.
DIF Cognitive Level Comprehension REF dm. 730 OBJ 6
TOP Nursing Process Step Implementation
MSC NCLEX Client Needs Category Physiological Integrity
3. An older adult who has septicemia is receiving IV aminoglycoside therapy. Which symptom
is most important for the nurse to monitor?
a. Bone marrow suppression
b. Ototoxicity
c. Gastrointestinal (GI) distress
d. Photosensitivity
ANS B
Eighth cranial nerve damage can result from aminoglycoside therapy. Patients should be
monitored during therapy and after therapy has been discontinued for signs and symptoms of
ototoxicity, including dizziness, tinnitus, and progressive hearing loss. Aminoglycosides do not
produce bone marrow depression; this is characteristic of treatment with chloramphenicol.
Aminoglycosides do not typically produce GI distress. Aminogylcosides do not produce
photosensitivity; this is characteristic of treatment with glycylcyclines.
DIF Cognitive Level Application REF dm. 729 OBJ 7 | 8
TOP Nursing Process Step Assessment
