CNUR 106: Theories and Terms
well defined and Explained for
Easy Understanding 100%
Correct
A
VI
TU
Theory - ANSWER a belief or idea that develops based on information or evidence;
a proposed explanation for observed phenomena
Psychoanalytic theory - ANSWER Freud's theory of the development of personality;
emphasis on the role of the unconscious
IS
Psychosexual stages - ANSWER Freud's five distinct stages of development in
which a pleasure centre must be satisfied in order for the individual to resolve the inner
M
conflicts relating to his or her wants or needs
O
Defence mechanisms - ANSWER psychological strategies to cope with anxiety or
perceived threats
A
Repression - ANSWER a defence mechanism in which traumatic and unacceptable
thoughts and memories are removed from consciousness and pushed to the
N
unconscious level
JP
Id - ANSWER Freud's structure of mind relating to our basic instincts; strikes to
secure pleasure
Ego - ANSWER Freud's notion of the central part of our personality; keeps id in
check
Superego - ANSWER Freud's concept of our conscience; internal determinant of
right and wrong
, Psychosocial theory - ANSWER Erikson's stage theory that emphasizes the impact
of social experiences throughout human development
Life crisis - ANSWER Erik son's term to describe the main tension that individuals
experience and seek to resolve during each of eight life stages
Identity crisis - ANSWER Erik son's term for a situation, usually in adolescence, that
causes us to make major decisions about our identity
A
Object permanence - ANSWER the realization that objects continue to exist even
when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched
VI
Cognitive structures - ANSWER Piaget's term to describe the basic tools of
cognitive development
TU
Adaptation - ANSWER a mechanism that consists of the two functional invariants-
assimilation and accommodation- in Piaget's theory
Assimilation - ANSWER Piaget's term to describe the manner in which we
IS
incorporate date into our cognitive structures
Accommodation - ANSWER Piaget's term to describe the manner by which
M
cognitive structures change
O
Equilibration - ANSWER Piaget's term to describe the balance between assimilation
and accommodation
A
Schemes - ANSWER Piaget's term for organized patterns of thought and action
N
Zone of proximal development (ZPD) - ANSWER Vygotsky's term for a range of
ability in a given task, where the higher limit is achieved through interaction with others
JP
Information-processing theory - ANSWER cognitive theory that uses a computer
metaphor to understand how the human mind processes information
Classical conditioning - ANSWER the learning process in which a neutral stimulus
produces an involuntary response that is usually elicited by another stimulus
Positive reinforcement - ANSWER an event that increases the likelihood of a
desired response in the future
well defined and Explained for
Easy Understanding 100%
Correct
A
VI
TU
Theory - ANSWER a belief or idea that develops based on information or evidence;
a proposed explanation for observed phenomena
Psychoanalytic theory - ANSWER Freud's theory of the development of personality;
emphasis on the role of the unconscious
IS
Psychosexual stages - ANSWER Freud's five distinct stages of development in
which a pleasure centre must be satisfied in order for the individual to resolve the inner
M
conflicts relating to his or her wants or needs
O
Defence mechanisms - ANSWER psychological strategies to cope with anxiety or
perceived threats
A
Repression - ANSWER a defence mechanism in which traumatic and unacceptable
thoughts and memories are removed from consciousness and pushed to the
N
unconscious level
JP
Id - ANSWER Freud's structure of mind relating to our basic instincts; strikes to
secure pleasure
Ego - ANSWER Freud's notion of the central part of our personality; keeps id in
check
Superego - ANSWER Freud's concept of our conscience; internal determinant of
right and wrong
, Psychosocial theory - ANSWER Erikson's stage theory that emphasizes the impact
of social experiences throughout human development
Life crisis - ANSWER Erik son's term to describe the main tension that individuals
experience and seek to resolve during each of eight life stages
Identity crisis - ANSWER Erik son's term for a situation, usually in adolescence, that
causes us to make major decisions about our identity
A
Object permanence - ANSWER the realization that objects continue to exist even
when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched
VI
Cognitive structures - ANSWER Piaget's term to describe the basic tools of
cognitive development
TU
Adaptation - ANSWER a mechanism that consists of the two functional invariants-
assimilation and accommodation- in Piaget's theory
Assimilation - ANSWER Piaget's term to describe the manner in which we
IS
incorporate date into our cognitive structures
Accommodation - ANSWER Piaget's term to describe the manner by which
M
cognitive structures change
O
Equilibration - ANSWER Piaget's term to describe the balance between assimilation
and accommodation
A
Schemes - ANSWER Piaget's term for organized patterns of thought and action
N
Zone of proximal development (ZPD) - ANSWER Vygotsky's term for a range of
ability in a given task, where the higher limit is achieved through interaction with others
JP
Information-processing theory - ANSWER cognitive theory that uses a computer
metaphor to understand how the human mind processes information
Classical conditioning - ANSWER the learning process in which a neutral stimulus
produces an involuntary response that is usually elicited by another stimulus
Positive reinforcement - ANSWER an event that increases the likelihood of a
desired response in the future
