NURS 1040 EXAM 2 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024-2025|
定义与本质
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS1!!
呼吸作用是通过氧化分解有机物（如葡
genes - (answer)sections of dna 萄糖）以产生能量的过程。根据是否需
要氧气，可分为需氧呼吸和无氧呼吸。
1. 生物体中的作用
karyotype - (answer)display of chromosome pairs (22 autosome pairs, 1 pair of sex
呼吸作用为各种生命活动（如细
chromosomes) 胞分裂、物质运输、运动和神经
传递）提供能量支持。
• 细胞水平：为合成反应、主动运
somatic cells (body cells) - (answer)divide by mitosis
输和信号传递提供ATP。
- 22 pairs of autosomes
- 1 pair of sex chromosome
gametes - (answer)divide by meiosis
- 22 single autosomes
- 1 single sex chromosome
heterozygous alleles - (answer)one allele is dominant and one is recessive; or they are
codominant
genotype - (answer)what the alleles are for each trait
phenotype - (answer)the characteristics observed
germ cell mutation - (answer)- sex cell
,- occurs in the gametes
定义与本质
- passed on to children 呼吸作用是通过氧化分解有机物（如葡
萄糖）以产生能量的过程。根据是否需
要氧气，可分为需氧呼吸和无氧呼吸。
somatic cell mutations - (answer)- body cells
1. 生物体中的作用
- can only be passed on to children if mutation occurs before conception
呼吸作用为各种生命活动（如细
胞分裂、物质运输、运动和神经
传递）提供能量支持。
autosomal dominant inheritance - (answer)- dominant and on autosome
• 细胞水平：为合成反应、主动运
- dominance controls the expression
输和信号传递提供ATP。
- single dominant gene is all you need to inherit disease
autosomal dominant disorders - (answer)huntingtons disease, BRCA1 & 2, DM type 2,
neurofibromatosis
autosomal recessive inheritance - (answer)- recessive and on autosome
- only expressed if both alleles have recessive gene
autosomal recessive disorders - (answer)cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, tay-sachs, albinism,
thalassemia
sex-linked inheritance - (answer)- diseases inherited through "X" chromosomes
- recessive in females (carrier)
- dominant in males (express disease)
, sex-linked disorders - (answer)hemophilia, color vision deficiency, duchenne muscular
定义与本质
dystrophy
呼吸作用是通过氧化分解有机物（如葡
萄糖）以产生能量的过程。根据是否需
要氧气，可分为需氧呼吸和无氧呼吸。
deleted chromosome - (answer)- missing portion of genetic material
1. 生物体中的作用
- radiation, chemicals, viruses
呼吸作用为各种生命活动（如细
胞分裂、物质运输、运动和神经
传递）提供能量支持。
duplicated chromosomes - (answer)extra DNA segment copied into the genetic material
• 细胞水平：为合成反应、主动运
输和信号传递提供ATP。
inverted chromosomes - (answer)DNA segments in the wrong position
translocation - (answer)- rearrangement of chromosome material
- no harm if balanced
aneuploidy - (answer)abnormal number of chromosomes
monosomy - (answer)- single chromosome instead of a pair
- usually incompatible with life
- frequent cause of miscarriage
trisomy - (answer)- three chromosomes instead of two
trisomy disorders - (answer)- down syndrome (21) - edwards (18)
- patau (13)
定义与本质
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS1!!
呼吸作用是通过氧化分解有机物（如葡
genes - (answer)sections of dna 萄糖）以产生能量的过程。根据是否需
要氧气，可分为需氧呼吸和无氧呼吸。
1. 生物体中的作用
karyotype - (answer)display of chromosome pairs (22 autosome pairs, 1 pair of sex
呼吸作用为各种生命活动（如细
chromosomes) 胞分裂、物质运输、运动和神经
传递）提供能量支持。
• 细胞水平：为合成反应、主动运
somatic cells (body cells) - (answer)divide by mitosis
输和信号传递提供ATP。
- 22 pairs of autosomes
- 1 pair of sex chromosome
gametes - (answer)divide by meiosis
- 22 single autosomes
- 1 single sex chromosome
heterozygous alleles - (answer)one allele is dominant and one is recessive; or they are
codominant
genotype - (answer)what the alleles are for each trait
phenotype - (answer)the characteristics observed
germ cell mutation - (answer)- sex cell
,- occurs in the gametes
定义与本质
- passed on to children 呼吸作用是通过氧化分解有机物（如葡
萄糖）以产生能量的过程。根据是否需
要氧气，可分为需氧呼吸和无氧呼吸。
somatic cell mutations - (answer)- body cells
1. 生物体中的作用
- can only be passed on to children if mutation occurs before conception
呼吸作用为各种生命活动（如细
胞分裂、物质运输、运动和神经
传递）提供能量支持。
autosomal dominant inheritance - (answer)- dominant and on autosome
• 细胞水平：为合成反应、主动运
- dominance controls the expression
输和信号传递提供ATP。
- single dominant gene is all you need to inherit disease
autosomal dominant disorders - (answer)huntingtons disease, BRCA1 & 2, DM type 2,
neurofibromatosis
autosomal recessive inheritance - (answer)- recessive and on autosome
- only expressed if both alleles have recessive gene
autosomal recessive disorders - (answer)cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, tay-sachs, albinism,
thalassemia
sex-linked inheritance - (answer)- diseases inherited through "X" chromosomes
- recessive in females (carrier)
- dominant in males (express disease)
, sex-linked disorders - (answer)hemophilia, color vision deficiency, duchenne muscular
定义与本质
dystrophy
呼吸作用是通过氧化分解有机物（如葡
萄糖）以产生能量的过程。根据是否需
要氧气，可分为需氧呼吸和无氧呼吸。
deleted chromosome - (answer)- missing portion of genetic material
1. 生物体中的作用
- radiation, chemicals, viruses
呼吸作用为各种生命活动（如细
胞分裂、物质运输、运动和神经
传递）提供能量支持。
duplicated chromosomes - (answer)extra DNA segment copied into the genetic material
• 细胞水平：为合成反应、主动运
输和信号传递提供ATP。
inverted chromosomes - (answer)DNA segments in the wrong position
translocation - (answer)- rearrangement of chromosome material
- no harm if balanced
aneuploidy - (answer)abnormal number of chromosomes
monosomy - (answer)- single chromosome instead of a pair
- usually incompatible with life
- frequent cause of miscarriage
trisomy - (answer)- three chromosomes instead of two
trisomy disorders - (answer)- down syndrome (21) - edwards (18)
- patau (13)
