ATLAS AIR STUDY GUIDE 2025 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION

ATLAS AIR STUDY GUIDE 2025 WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION
V1K-KcorrectKanswer-
meansKtheKmaximumKspeedKinKtheKtakeoffKatKwhichKtheKpilotKmustKtakeKtheKfirstKactionK(e.g.,KapplyKbrakes,
KreduceKthrust,KdeployKspeedKbrakes)KtoKstopKtheKairplaneKwithinKtheKaccelerate-

stopKdistance.KV1KalsoKmeansKtheKminimumKspeedKinKtheKtakeoff,KfollowingKaKfailureKofKtheKcriticalKengineK
atKVEF,KatKwhichKtheKpilotKcanKcontinueKtheKtakeoffKandKachieveKtheKrequiredKheightKaboveKtheKtakeoffKsur
faceKwithinKtheKtakeoffKdistance



SelectingKaKsuitableKV1KforKaKgivenKsetKofKconditionsKisKaKmatterKofKcomparingKASDRK(AccelerateKStopKDista
nceKRequired)KwithKTODRK(TakeoffKDistanceKRequired).KTheKpointKwhereKASDRKandKTODRKintersectKisKkno
wnKasKtheKBFLK(BalancedKFieldKLength)



VrK-KcorrectKanswer-meansKrotationKspeed



V2K-KcorrectKanswer-meansKtakeoffKsafetyKspeed



VMCGK-KcorrectKanswer-
theKminimumKspeedKonKtheKground,KthatKdirectionalKcontrolKcanKbeKmaintained,KusingKonlyKaerodynamicK
controls,KwithKoneKengineKinoperativeK(criticalKengineKonKtwoKengineKairplanes)KandKtakeoffKpowerKapplie
dKinKtheKotherKengine(s).KVMCGKmustKbeKlessKthanKV1K(thisKassuresKthatKtheKaircraftKisKcontrollableKonKtheK
groundKinKtheKeventKofKanKengineKfailureKatKV1KandKupKtoKVr)



VMCAK-KcorrectKanswer-
theKminimumKspeed,KinKtheKair,KthatKdirectionalKcontrolKcanKbeKmaintainedKwithKoneKengineKinoperativeK(c
riticalKengineKonKtwoKengineKairplanes),KoperatingKengines(s)KatKTakeoffKPowerKandKaKmaximumKofK5oKofKb
ankKtowardKtheKgoodKengine(s)



IcingKconditionsK-KcorrectKanswer-icingKconditionsKexistsKin-
flightKatKaKTATKofK10oCKorKbelow,KandKvisibleKmoistureKinKanyKformKisKencounteredK(suchKasKclouds,Krain,Ksn
ow,KsleetKorKiceKcrystals),KexceptKwhenKtheKSATKisK-40oCKorKbelow



WetKrunwayK-KcorrectKanswer-
aKrunwayKisKconsideredKtoKbeKwetKwhenKthereKisKsufficientKmoistureKonKtheKrunwayKsurfaceKtoKcauseKitKtoK
appearKreflectiveKbutKwithoutKsignificantKareasKofKstandingKwater.K(OMKsectionK6-Performance)

, ContaminatedK-
KaKrunwayKisKcontaminatedKwhenKmoreKthanK25%KofKtheKrunway,KwithinKtheKrequiredKlengthKandKwidthKtoK

beKused,KisKcoveredKbyKmoreKthanK⅛KinchK(3Kmm)KofKstandingKwater,KslushKorKlooseKsnow



SLOPK-KcorrectKanswer-StrategicKLateralKOffsetKProcedure.KEn-
routeKOceanicKorKremoteKcontinentalKairspace.KNoKclearanceKrequired.KReducesKcollisionKhazardKofKaircraft
KflyingKtheKpreciseKcenterlineKofKairway.KBothKfromKoppositeKdirectionKtrafficKasKwellKasKdeviatingKsameKdir

ectionKtraffic.KThreeKrandomKchoices:Kcenterline,K1-nmKright,K2-
nmKright.KAppliedKatKtrackKentryKpointKuntilKpriorKtoKoceanicKexitKpoint.



StabilizedKapproachK-KcorrectKanswer-
theKaircraftKmustKbeKinKanKapprovedKlandingKconfigurationKnoKlowerKthanK1,000Kft.KaboveKTDZEKinKIMCKand
KVMC,KexceptKwhenKconductingKaKcirclingKapproach.KApproachesKmustKbeKstabilizedKbyK1,000Kft.KaboveKTD

ZEKinKIMCKandK500Kft.KaboveKTDZEKinKVMC.



StabilizedKisKdefinedKasKonKspeed,KfinalKconfiguration,KwithKenginesKspooled.KMoreKthanKmomentaryKdevia
tionsKoutsideKofK+10KorK-
5Kkts.,KmoreKthanKoneKdotKglideKslopeKdeviations,KorKverticalKspeedsKinKexcessKofK1000KfpmK(unlessKbriefed)
KconstitutesKinstability




MinimumKfuelK-KcorrectKanswer-
whenKanyKundueKdelayKwillKresultKinKlandingKatKtheKdestinationK(orKalternateKifKrequired)KwithKlessKthanKth
eKplannedKreserveKfuelKlistedKonKtheKDispatchKRelease.KNotKanKemergency,KjustKanKadvisoryKthatKanKemerg
encyKsituationKisKpossibleKshouldKanKundueKdelayKoccur



EmergencyKfuelK-KcorrectKanswer-lessKthanK30KminutesKofKfuelKremainingK

(WAGK-KreserveKxK.67)KICAOK"Mayday,KMayday,KMayday,KFuel"



LostKcommK-KcorrectKanswer-squawkK7600



VFRKconditionsK-
KifKtheKfailureKoccursKinKVFRKconditions,KorKifKVFRKconditionsKareKencounteredKafterKtheKfailure,KcontinueKV

FRKandKlandKasKsoonKasKpracticable



IFRKconditionsK-K