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EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG ACTUAL
EXAM WITH 150 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH WELL-ELABORATED
RATIONALES/ EVOLVE HESI MEDICAL
SURGICAL LATEST EXAM 2024 (latest) ACE
YOUR TEST
When planning care for a client with rheumatoid arthritis, which intervention is
most important for the nurse to include?
A. Schedule rest periods between activities to minimize fatigue
B. Teach coping skill for living with a chronic illness
C. Provide assistive devices to empower client independence
D. Implement measures to manage chronic pain - Correct Answer-D
The nurse is caring for a client in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) who
underwent a Thoracotomy two hours ago. The nurse observes the following vital
signs: heart rate 140 beats/minute, respirations 26 breaths/minute, and blood
pressure 140/90 mmHg. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to
implement?
A. Administer IV fluid bolus as prescribed by the healthcare provider
B. Medicate for pain and monitor vital signs according to protocol
C. Encourage the client to splint the incision with a pillow to cough and deep
breathe
D. Apply oxygen at 10 L via non-rebreather mask and monitor pulse oximeter -
Correct Answer-C
An adult client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and a urinary tract
infection (UTI) Prescriptions for intravenous antibiotics and insulin infusion are
initiated. Which serum laboratory value warrants the most immediate intervention
by the nurse?
A. blood ph of 7.30
B. glucose of 350 mg /dl
C. white blood cell count of 15000mm
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D. potassium of 2.5 meq/l - Correct Answer-D
Two hours before a client's scheduled surgery, the nurse is completing the
preoperative checklist. Which information requires the most immediate action by
the nurse?
A. Surgical consent form is not signed
B. Preoperative serum potassium level is 2.8 mEq/L (2.8mmol/L)
C.Preoperative chest x-ray report is not available
D. Client's pulse oximeter reading is 96% - Correct Answer-B
One hour after major abdominal surgery, a client in the post anesthesia care unit
(PACU) has a blood pressure (BP) of 136/80 mmHg. Fifteen minutes later it is
114/72 mmHg. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Increase frequency of BP assessments
B. Review the client's baseline BP trends
C. Check the abdominal surgical dressing
D. Encourage the client to breathe deeply - Correct Answer-C
The nurse is assessing a client's arteriovenous (AV) fistula. Which finding provides
evidence of its normal function?
A. Ecchymotic area
B. Enlarged vein
C. Pulselessness
D. Redness - Correct Answer-B
Following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a client is discharged
from the hospital with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which instruction is
important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching plan?
A. Avoid driving a car for 2 weeks
B. Drink 3 liters of water each day
C. Eliminate all spicy foods from your diet
D. Clamp the catheter when taking a shower - Correct Answer-B
A healthcare worker with no known exposure to tuberculosis has received a
Mantoux tuberculosis skin test. The nurse's assessment of the test after 72 hours
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indicates 5mm of erythema without induration. What is the best initial nursing
action?
A. Review client's history for possible exposure to TB
B. Instruct the client to return for a repeat test in 1 week
C. Refer client to a healthcare provider for isoniazid (INH) therapy
D. Document negative results in the client's medical record - Correct Answer-A
Which laboratory test result is most important for the nurse to report to the
surgeon prior to a client's scheduled abdominal surgery?
A. Potassium level of 4 mEq/liter
B. Blood glucose of 90 mg/dl
C. Serum creatinine of 5 mg/dl
D. Hemoglobin level of 13 grams - Correct Answer-C
The nurse admits a client who has a medical diagnosis of bacterial meningitis to
the unit. Which intervention has the highest priority in providing care for this
client?
A. Administer initial dose of broad-spectrum antibiotic
B. Instruct the client to force fluids hourly
C. Obtain results of culture and sensitivity of CSF D. Assess the client for symptoms
of hyponatremia - Correct Answer-C
The nurse assesses the dressing of a client who has just returned from post-
anesthesia and finds that the dressing has moderate amount of bright red bloody
drainage. What action should the nurse take?
a. reinforce the dressing and document that a moderate amount of sanguineous
drainage was on the dressing.
b. replace dressing with a new sterile dressing, and monitor the wound hourly until
bleeding is stopped.
c. document that the dressing was saturated with serous drainage, and do not
change the dressing.
d. call surgery and request that the surgeon see the wound prior to leaving the
hospital. - Correct Answer-a. reinforce the dressing and document that a moderate
amount of sanguineous drainage was on the dressing.
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The wife of a client with Parkinson's disease expresses concern because her
husband has lost so much weight, what is best for the nurse to provide?
a. invite friends over regularly to share in meal times
b. encourage the client to drink clear liquids between meals
c. coach the client to make intentional efforts to swallow
d. talk to the healthcare provider about prescribing an appetite stimulant - Correct
Answer-c. coach the client to make intentional efforts to swallow
A client with pheocromocytoma reports the onset of a severe headache. The nurse
observes that the client is very diaphoretic. Which assessment data should the
nurse obtain next?
a. blood pressure
b. body temperature
c. capillary glucose
d. oxygen saturation - Correct Answer-a. blood pressure
Two days after an abscess of the chin was drained, the client returns to the clinic
with fever, chills, and a maculopapular rash with pruritis. The client has taken an
oral antibiotic and cleansed the wound today with povidone-iodine (Betadine)
solution. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
a. determine if the client has a history of diabetes
b. assess airway patency and oxygen saturation
c. obtain samples for complete blood count and cultures
d. review recent medication history and allergies - Correct Answer-b. assess airway
patency and oxygen saturation
Which nursing problem has the highest priority when planning care for a client
with osteomalacia?
a. altered tissue perfusion
b. risk of infection
c. risk for injury
d. sleep pattern disturbance - Correct Answer-c. risk for injury
EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG ACTUAL
EXAM WITH 150 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH WELL-ELABORATED
RATIONALES/ EVOLVE HESI MEDICAL
SURGICAL LATEST EXAM 2024 (latest) ACE
YOUR TEST
When planning care for a client with rheumatoid arthritis, which intervention is
most important for the nurse to include?
A. Schedule rest periods between activities to minimize fatigue
B. Teach coping skill for living with a chronic illness
C. Provide assistive devices to empower client independence
D. Implement measures to manage chronic pain - Correct Answer-D
The nurse is caring for a client in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) who
underwent a Thoracotomy two hours ago. The nurse observes the following vital
signs: heart rate 140 beats/minute, respirations 26 breaths/minute, and blood
pressure 140/90 mmHg. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to
implement?
A. Administer IV fluid bolus as prescribed by the healthcare provider
B. Medicate for pain and monitor vital signs according to protocol
C. Encourage the client to splint the incision with a pillow to cough and deep
breathe
D. Apply oxygen at 10 L via non-rebreather mask and monitor pulse oximeter -
Correct Answer-C
An adult client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and a urinary tract
infection (UTI) Prescriptions for intravenous antibiotics and insulin infusion are
initiated. Which serum laboratory value warrants the most immediate intervention
by the nurse?
A. blood ph of 7.30
B. glucose of 350 mg /dl
C. white blood cell count of 15000mm
,2|Page
D. potassium of 2.5 meq/l - Correct Answer-D
Two hours before a client's scheduled surgery, the nurse is completing the
preoperative checklist. Which information requires the most immediate action by
the nurse?
A. Surgical consent form is not signed
B. Preoperative serum potassium level is 2.8 mEq/L (2.8mmol/L)
C.Preoperative chest x-ray report is not available
D. Client's pulse oximeter reading is 96% - Correct Answer-B
One hour after major abdominal surgery, a client in the post anesthesia care unit
(PACU) has a blood pressure (BP) of 136/80 mmHg. Fifteen minutes later it is
114/72 mmHg. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Increase frequency of BP assessments
B. Review the client's baseline BP trends
C. Check the abdominal surgical dressing
D. Encourage the client to breathe deeply - Correct Answer-C
The nurse is assessing a client's arteriovenous (AV) fistula. Which finding provides
evidence of its normal function?
A. Ecchymotic area
B. Enlarged vein
C. Pulselessness
D. Redness - Correct Answer-B
Following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a client is discharged
from the hospital with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which instruction is
important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching plan?
A. Avoid driving a car for 2 weeks
B. Drink 3 liters of water each day
C. Eliminate all spicy foods from your diet
D. Clamp the catheter when taking a shower - Correct Answer-B
A healthcare worker with no known exposure to tuberculosis has received a
Mantoux tuberculosis skin test. The nurse's assessment of the test after 72 hours
,3|Page
indicates 5mm of erythema without induration. What is the best initial nursing
action?
A. Review client's history for possible exposure to TB
B. Instruct the client to return for a repeat test in 1 week
C. Refer client to a healthcare provider for isoniazid (INH) therapy
D. Document negative results in the client's medical record - Correct Answer-A
Which laboratory test result is most important for the nurse to report to the
surgeon prior to a client's scheduled abdominal surgery?
A. Potassium level of 4 mEq/liter
B. Blood glucose of 90 mg/dl
C. Serum creatinine of 5 mg/dl
D. Hemoglobin level of 13 grams - Correct Answer-C
The nurse admits a client who has a medical diagnosis of bacterial meningitis to
the unit. Which intervention has the highest priority in providing care for this
client?
A. Administer initial dose of broad-spectrum antibiotic
B. Instruct the client to force fluids hourly
C. Obtain results of culture and sensitivity of CSF D. Assess the client for symptoms
of hyponatremia - Correct Answer-C
The nurse assesses the dressing of a client who has just returned from post-
anesthesia and finds that the dressing has moderate amount of bright red bloody
drainage. What action should the nurse take?
a. reinforce the dressing and document that a moderate amount of sanguineous
drainage was on the dressing.
b. replace dressing with a new sterile dressing, and monitor the wound hourly until
bleeding is stopped.
c. document that the dressing was saturated with serous drainage, and do not
change the dressing.
d. call surgery and request that the surgeon see the wound prior to leaving the
hospital. - Correct Answer-a. reinforce the dressing and document that a moderate
amount of sanguineous drainage was on the dressing.
, 4|Page
The wife of a client with Parkinson's disease expresses concern because her
husband has lost so much weight, what is best for the nurse to provide?
a. invite friends over regularly to share in meal times
b. encourage the client to drink clear liquids between meals
c. coach the client to make intentional efforts to swallow
d. talk to the healthcare provider about prescribing an appetite stimulant - Correct
Answer-c. coach the client to make intentional efforts to swallow
A client with pheocromocytoma reports the onset of a severe headache. The nurse
observes that the client is very diaphoretic. Which assessment data should the
nurse obtain next?
a. blood pressure
b. body temperature
c. capillary glucose
d. oxygen saturation - Correct Answer-a. blood pressure
Two days after an abscess of the chin was drained, the client returns to the clinic
with fever, chills, and a maculopapular rash with pruritis. The client has taken an
oral antibiotic and cleansed the wound today with povidone-iodine (Betadine)
solution. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
a. determine if the client has a history of diabetes
b. assess airway patency and oxygen saturation
c. obtain samples for complete blood count and cultures
d. review recent medication history and allergies - Correct Answer-b. assess airway
patency and oxygen saturation
Which nursing problem has the highest priority when planning care for a client
with osteomalacia?
a. altered tissue perfusion
b. risk of infection
c. risk for injury
d. sleep pattern disturbance - Correct Answer-c. risk for injury
