OTM NEW EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED
Structures of the eye involved in the accommodative process
crystalline lens, zonules, iris, ciliary body
Components of the tear film and what structures are responsible for producing them
aqueous layer- lacrimal gland
lipid layer- meibomian glands
mucin layer- goblet cells in the conjuctival epithelia
Characteristics of a snellen chart
single letter at top
differences in letter design and selection-not all sloan letters
differences in letter spacing
different number of letters in each line
Bailey-Lovie Design Principles
logarithmic size progression (constant ratio)
same number of letters at each level
spacing between letters and between rows that is proportional to letter size
sloan letters
ETDRS chart
Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study
sloan letters
single letter scoring (a one line change indicated a meaningfuk change in visual acuity)
,log scale sizing per line
equal spacing of letters
same average legibility per line
what is the purpose of a "preferential looking" chart
to determine the patient's VA using the minimum separable/grating and watch to see
where the patient looks
What is a potential acuity meter (PAM)
used for patients with cataracts and patients with amblyopia
uses two pinpoint coherent lights to create interference patterns with various spacing
directly on the retina
What is the size progression of each line on a chart whose lines change by 0.1 logMAR
units
MAR of 1.0, 1.25, 1.6, 2.0, 2.5, 3.2, 4.0. every three lines is a decrease in vision by
double
what size snellen letter is commonly used in childrens books (9-12 years)
20/80
what size snellen letter is commonly used in childrens books (7-8 years)
20/125
in the fovea, are there more cones or rods?
cones
, each receptor in the fovea has its own ______
"private line" meaning each has its own ganglion cell
cones in the fovea have a center to center separation of ___ minutes of arc
0.5
in order to detect two objects as being separated, there needs to be:
stimulation of two cones separated by one unstimulated cone
how does visual acuity differ from vision
visual acuity tells us the patient's visual ability to resolve detail while vision consists of
many other things such as color perception, depth perception, field of vision, etc.
what is the size of a 20/20 letter viewed at 20ft (in mm)
8.87 mm
what is the definition of a 1.0 M letter
a 1.0M letter viewed at 1 meter subtends 5' arc on the retina
what is the nyquist limit
Structures of the eye involved in the accommodative process
crystalline lens, zonules, iris, ciliary body
Components of the tear film and what structures are responsible for producing them
aqueous layer- lacrimal gland
lipid layer- meibomian glands
mucin layer- goblet cells in the conjuctival epithelia
Characteristics of a snellen chart
single letter at top
differences in letter design and selection-not all sloan letters
differences in letter spacing
different number of letters in each line
Bailey-Lovie Design Principles
logarithmic size progression (constant ratio)
same number of letters at each level
spacing between letters and between rows that is proportional to letter size
sloan letters
ETDRS chart
Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study
sloan letters
single letter scoring (a one line change indicated a meaningfuk change in visual acuity)
,log scale sizing per line
equal spacing of letters
same average legibility per line
what is the purpose of a "preferential looking" chart
to determine the patient's VA using the minimum separable/grating and watch to see
where the patient looks
What is a potential acuity meter (PAM)
used for patients with cataracts and patients with amblyopia
uses two pinpoint coherent lights to create interference patterns with various spacing
directly on the retina
What is the size progression of each line on a chart whose lines change by 0.1 logMAR
units
MAR of 1.0, 1.25, 1.6, 2.0, 2.5, 3.2, 4.0. every three lines is a decrease in vision by
double
what size snellen letter is commonly used in childrens books (9-12 years)
20/80
what size snellen letter is commonly used in childrens books (7-8 years)
20/125
in the fovea, are there more cones or rods?
cones
, each receptor in the fovea has its own ______
"private line" meaning each has its own ganglion cell
cones in the fovea have a center to center separation of ___ minutes of arc
0.5
in order to detect two objects as being separated, there needs to be:
stimulation of two cones separated by one unstimulated cone
how does visual acuity differ from vision
visual acuity tells us the patient's visual ability to resolve detail while vision consists of
many other things such as color perception, depth perception, field of vision, etc.
what is the size of a 20/20 letter viewed at 20ft (in mm)
8.87 mm
what is the definition of a 1.0 M letter
a 1.0M letter viewed at 1 meter subtends 5' arc on the retina
what is the nyquist limit
