Portage Learning General Psychology Module 5
Latest exam 2024
Describe thinking
Correct answer
Information processing is a theory that likens the human brain to a computer and
focuses on how humans process information
What important quality do good thinkers possess?
Correct answer
problem solving ability
Define heuristic
Correct answer
a rule-of-thumb problem solving strategy, problem solving shortcut
Name an example of a heuristic
Correct answer
working backwards, searching for analogies, breaking problems down into smaller
problems
Define functional fixedness
Correct answer
The inability to think of a new use for an ordinary object
What is a schema?
Correct answer
a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
Describe 3 problems with problem-solving/thinking as discussed in the module
Correct answer
Functional fixedness- inability to think of a new use for an ordinary object
Mental set- our tendency to keep using strategies that worked in the past, no matter if
appropriate
Availability bias- bias caused by the most available example that comes to mind
Confirmation bias- caused by a tendency to look for and only pay attention to evidence
that confirms what you already believe
Hindsight bias- people overestimating their likelihood to have predicted an event.
, Components of thought
Correct answer
concepts, schemas, scripts
concepts
Correct answer
Mental representations of categories items or ideas, based on experience
Schemas
Correct answer
clusters of related ideas that provide you with a framework for thinking
scripts
Correct answer
tell you the behaviors expected in a particular situation
functional fixedness
Correct answer
the inability to see a new use for an object
mental sets
Correct answer
tendency to keep repeating solutions that worked in other situations. prepackaged how-
to manuals in our brains
availability bias
Correct answer
bias caused by the most available example that comes to mind.
confirmation bias
Correct answer
tendency to focus on information that fits an individual’s beliefs, while rejecting
information that goes against it
hindsight bias
Correct answer
the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it. "I
knew it all along"
What does it mean to see intelligence as a single factor? What famous names are
associated with this view?
Correct answer
Intelligence is a general ability that you either have of you don't. It is innate.
Binet, Simon and Spearman adhered to this view
Name Gardner's seven intelligences
Latest exam 2024
Describe thinking
Correct answer
Information processing is a theory that likens the human brain to a computer and
focuses on how humans process information
What important quality do good thinkers possess?
Correct answer
problem solving ability
Define heuristic
Correct answer
a rule-of-thumb problem solving strategy, problem solving shortcut
Name an example of a heuristic
Correct answer
working backwards, searching for analogies, breaking problems down into smaller
problems
Define functional fixedness
Correct answer
The inability to think of a new use for an ordinary object
What is a schema?
Correct answer
a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
Describe 3 problems with problem-solving/thinking as discussed in the module
Correct answer
Functional fixedness- inability to think of a new use for an ordinary object
Mental set- our tendency to keep using strategies that worked in the past, no matter if
appropriate
Availability bias- bias caused by the most available example that comes to mind
Confirmation bias- caused by a tendency to look for and only pay attention to evidence
that confirms what you already believe
Hindsight bias- people overestimating their likelihood to have predicted an event.
, Components of thought
Correct answer
concepts, schemas, scripts
concepts
Correct answer
Mental representations of categories items or ideas, based on experience
Schemas
Correct answer
clusters of related ideas that provide you with a framework for thinking
scripts
Correct answer
tell you the behaviors expected in a particular situation
functional fixedness
Correct answer
the inability to see a new use for an object
mental sets
Correct answer
tendency to keep repeating solutions that worked in other situations. prepackaged how-
to manuals in our brains
availability bias
Correct answer
bias caused by the most available example that comes to mind.
confirmation bias
Correct answer
tendency to focus on information that fits an individual’s beliefs, while rejecting
information that goes against it
hindsight bias
Correct answer
the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it. "I
knew it all along"
What does it mean to see intelligence as a single factor? What famous names are
associated with this view?
Correct answer
Intelligence is a general ability that you either have of you don't. It is innate.
Binet, Simon and Spearman adhered to this view
Name Gardner's seven intelligences
