Introduction to International Organizations - IRO
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Update 2024/25
coordinate, SOL, CPS, DCS, next-day - ✔✔IRO-005: The RC shall ___ with TOPs, BAs, and
GOPs as needed to develop and implement action plans to mitigate potential or actual ___,
___, or ___ violations along with pending generation and transmission maintenance outages
with TOPs, BAs, and GOPs as needed in both real time and ______ reliability analysis time
frames.
BAs, RC Areas, BAs - ✔✔IRO-005: As necessary, the RC shall assist ___ in its RC Area in
arranging for assistance from neighboring _________ and ___.
Frequency Error, Time Error, Inadvertent Interchange - ✔✔IRO-008: The RC shall identify
sources of large Area Control Errors that may be contributing to ___ ___, ___ ___, or ___ ___
and shall discuss corrective action with the appropriate BA. The RC shall directs its BA to comply
with CPS and DCS.
Special Protection Scheme - ✔✔IRO-005: Whenever a ___ ___ ___ that may have inter-BA or
inter-TOP impact (could potentially affect transmission flows resulting in SOL or IROL violation)
is armed, the RC shall be aware of the impact of operation on inter-area flows. The TOP shall
immediately inform the RC of the status, including any degradation or potential failure to
operate as expected.
most - ✔✔IRO-005: In instances where there is a difference in derived limits, the TOPs, BAs,
GOPs, TSPs, LSEs, and PSEs shall always operate the BES to the (most/least) limiting parameter.
Total Transfer Capability, Available Transfer Capability - ✔✔IRO-005: The TSP shall respect
SOLs and IROLs in accordance with filed tarrifs and ___ ___ ___ and ___ ___ ___ processes.
SOL, IROL, reactive resources, TOPs, BAs, mitigated - ✔✔IRO-005: Each RC who foresees a
transmission problem, such as an ___, ___, or loss of ___ ___ within its RC Area shall issue an
, alert to all impacted ___ and ___ in its RC Area without delay. The receiving RC shall
disseminate this information to its own impacted entities. The RC shall notify these entities
when the transmission problem has been ___.
transmission loading relief, unscheduled flow mitigation, congestion management, Interchange
Transaction - ✔✔IRO-006: Each RC and BA that receives a request persuant to an
Interconnection-wide transmission loading relief procedure (such as Eastern Interconnection
___ ___ ___, WECC ___ ___ ___, or ___ ___ procedures from the ERCOT protocols) from any
RC, BA, or TOP in another Interconnection to curtail an ___ ___ that crosses an Interconnection
boundary shall comply with the request, unless it provides a reliability reason to the requestor
why it cannot comply with the request.
IROL, direct, load shedding - ✔✔IRO-009: For each ____ in its RC Area that the RC identifies
one or more days prior to the current day, the RC shall have one or more Operating Processes,
Procedures, or Plans that identify actions the RC shall take or actions the RC shall ___ others to
take (up to and including ___ ___).
1. can be implemented in time to prevent the IROL exceedance
2. mitigate the magnitude and duration of an IROL exceedance such that it is relieved within the
IROL's Tv - ✔✔IRO-009: Actions required by the RC or others directed by the RC once an IROL
is identified include what two things?
monitoring, Assessment - ✔✔IRO-009: Each RC shall initiate one or more Operating
Processes, Procedures, or Plans that are intended to prevent an IROL exceedance, as identified
in the RC's Real-time ___ or Real-time ___.
magnitude, duration, Tv - ✔✔IRO-009: Each RC shall act or direct others to act so that the
___ and ___ of an IROL exceedance is mitigated within the IROL's ___, as identified in the RC's
Real-time monitoring or Real-time Assessment.
most, Facility - ✔✔IRO-009: Each RC shall operate to the ___ limiting IROL and Tv in
instances where there is a difference in an IROL or its Tv between RCs that are responsible for
that ___.
Exam prep Questions Solved 100% Correct| Latest
Update 2024/25
coordinate, SOL, CPS, DCS, next-day - ✔✔IRO-005: The RC shall ___ with TOPs, BAs, and
GOPs as needed to develop and implement action plans to mitigate potential or actual ___,
___, or ___ violations along with pending generation and transmission maintenance outages
with TOPs, BAs, and GOPs as needed in both real time and ______ reliability analysis time
frames.
BAs, RC Areas, BAs - ✔✔IRO-005: As necessary, the RC shall assist ___ in its RC Area in
arranging for assistance from neighboring _________ and ___.
Frequency Error, Time Error, Inadvertent Interchange - ✔✔IRO-008: The RC shall identify
sources of large Area Control Errors that may be contributing to ___ ___, ___ ___, or ___ ___
and shall discuss corrective action with the appropriate BA. The RC shall directs its BA to comply
with CPS and DCS.
Special Protection Scheme - ✔✔IRO-005: Whenever a ___ ___ ___ that may have inter-BA or
inter-TOP impact (could potentially affect transmission flows resulting in SOL or IROL violation)
is armed, the RC shall be aware of the impact of operation on inter-area flows. The TOP shall
immediately inform the RC of the status, including any degradation or potential failure to
operate as expected.
most - ✔✔IRO-005: In instances where there is a difference in derived limits, the TOPs, BAs,
GOPs, TSPs, LSEs, and PSEs shall always operate the BES to the (most/least) limiting parameter.
Total Transfer Capability, Available Transfer Capability - ✔✔IRO-005: The TSP shall respect
SOLs and IROLs in accordance with filed tarrifs and ___ ___ ___ and ___ ___ ___ processes.
SOL, IROL, reactive resources, TOPs, BAs, mitigated - ✔✔IRO-005: Each RC who foresees a
transmission problem, such as an ___, ___, or loss of ___ ___ within its RC Area shall issue an
, alert to all impacted ___ and ___ in its RC Area without delay. The receiving RC shall
disseminate this information to its own impacted entities. The RC shall notify these entities
when the transmission problem has been ___.
transmission loading relief, unscheduled flow mitigation, congestion management, Interchange
Transaction - ✔✔IRO-006: Each RC and BA that receives a request persuant to an
Interconnection-wide transmission loading relief procedure (such as Eastern Interconnection
___ ___ ___, WECC ___ ___ ___, or ___ ___ procedures from the ERCOT protocols) from any
RC, BA, or TOP in another Interconnection to curtail an ___ ___ that crosses an Interconnection
boundary shall comply with the request, unless it provides a reliability reason to the requestor
why it cannot comply with the request.
IROL, direct, load shedding - ✔✔IRO-009: For each ____ in its RC Area that the RC identifies
one or more days prior to the current day, the RC shall have one or more Operating Processes,
Procedures, or Plans that identify actions the RC shall take or actions the RC shall ___ others to
take (up to and including ___ ___).
1. can be implemented in time to prevent the IROL exceedance
2. mitigate the magnitude and duration of an IROL exceedance such that it is relieved within the
IROL's Tv - ✔✔IRO-009: Actions required by the RC or others directed by the RC once an IROL
is identified include what two things?
monitoring, Assessment - ✔✔IRO-009: Each RC shall initiate one or more Operating
Processes, Procedures, or Plans that are intended to prevent an IROL exceedance, as identified
in the RC's Real-time ___ or Real-time ___.
magnitude, duration, Tv - ✔✔IRO-009: Each RC shall act or direct others to act so that the
___ and ___ of an IROL exceedance is mitigated within the IROL's ___, as identified in the RC's
Real-time monitoring or Real-time Assessment.
most, Facility - ✔✔IRO-009: Each RC shall operate to the ___ limiting IROL and Tv in
instances where there is a difference in an IROL or its Tv between RCs that are responsible for
that ___.
